שָׂרַף 117 verb burn (
70 times +
בָּאֵשׁ,
2 times +
בְּמוֺאֵֿשׁ) (Late Hebrew (rare) = Biblical Hebrew; Assyrian
šarâpu; Aramaic
שְׂרַף (rare);
is
absorb, consume); —
Qal Perfect 3rd person masculine singular שׂ׳ Joshua 11:9 +,
3rd person feminine singular suffix שְׂרָפָ֫חַם Isaiah 47:14, etc.;
Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular יִשְׂרֹף Numbers 19:5 2 times, more often
וַיִּשְׂרֹף Exodus 32:20 +,
2rd person masculine plural תִּשְׂרְפוּן Deuteronomy 7:5 2 times;
Infinitive absolute שָׂרוֺף 2 Samuel 23:7; construct
שְׂרֹף Jeremiah 36:25 +; suffix
שָׂרְפוֺ Judges 9:52;
Amos 2:1;
Participle active שׂרֵף Leviticus 16:28;
Numbers 19:8, plural
שׂרְפִים 2 Kings 17:31;
passive masculine plural
שְׂרֻפִים Numbers 17:4 [
Numbers 16:39]; feminine singular
שְׂרוּפָה 1 Samuel 30:3,
שְׂרֻפָה Psalm 80:17 [
Psalm 80:16], plural
שְׂרוּפוֺת Nehemiah 3:24 [
Nehemiah 4:2], construct
שְׂרֻפוֺת Isaiah 1:7; —
burn (
59 times +
בָּאֵשׁ,
2 times +
בְּמוֺאֵֿשׁ):
1. in making bricks, +
לִשְׂרֵפָה Genesis 11:3 (J; object omitted).
2.
a. with accusative of thing, usually to destroy, e.g. door
Judges 9:52, house
Judges 12:1;
1 Kings 16:18 (both with
עַל person),
Jeremiah 39:8 11 times, compare passive participle
Nehemiah 3:24, city
Joshua 6:24;
1 Samuel 30:1,
1 Samuel 30:14 16 times, compare passive participle
1 Samuel 30:3;
Isaiah 1:7, chariots
Joshua 11:6,
Joshua 11:9;
2 Kings 23:11;
Psalm 46:10 [
Psalm 46:9] (subject
י׳), idols, etc.,
Exodus 32:20 (accusative omitted),
Deuteronomy 9:21 10 times, roll †
Jeremiah 36:25,
Jeremiah 36:27,
Jeremiah 36:28,
Jeremiah 36:29,
Jeremiah 36:32, wood †
Isaiah 44:16,
Isaiah 44:19 (both +
בְּמוֺאֵֿשׁ), compare
Psalm 80:17 [
Psalm 80:16] (figurative),
Jeremiah 51:32, hair †
Ezekiel 5:4; bones, to lime (as outrage) †
Amos 2:1; upon altars (in desecration) †
1 Kings 13:2;
1Ki 23:16 [
2 Kings 23:16];
1Ki 23:20 [
2 Kings 23:20]
2 Chronicles 34:5; bodies, as funeral rite
1 Samuel 31:12 (rare custom, RS
Semitic i. 353; 2nd ed. 372; but Klo Bu read
יִשְׂפְּדוּ [=
יִס׳]; compare Benz
Archaeology 163; Ency. Bib. DEAD Now
Archaeology i. 188);
שׂ׳ as funeral rite also (object omitted, probably spices, compare
2 Chronicles 16:14), with
ל person dead
Jeremiah 34:5, + accusative of congnate meaning with verb
שְׂרֵפָה 2 Chronicles 16:14 (compare
שְׂרֵפָה); in ceremonial of P (never of burning sacrifice on altar,
הִקְטִיר, compare
הֶעְֶלֶה, but) chiefly (
14 times) of consuming refuse, especially unused portions of victims, etc. (to prevent use), and infected objects,
Exodus 29:14,
Exodus 29:34 +, sometimes
מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה Leviticus 4:12 (+
עַעֵָֿצִים),
Leviticus 4:21 4 times, etc., compare
Ezekiel 43:21; also of burning red heifer (to produce ashes for purification)
Numbers 19:5 (twice in verse);
Numbers 19:8.
† b. burn, with accusative of person,
†
Niph. Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular יִשָּׂרֵף Joshua 7:15 +,
3rd person feminine plural תִּשָּׂרַפְנָה Proverbs 6:27, etc.; —
be burned (
11 times +
בָּאֵשׁ): of city
Jeremiah 38:17 +
Jeremiah 38:23 (read
תִּשָּׂרֵף for
תִּשְׂרֹף Hi Ew Gf Gie Du), idols, etc.,
Micah 1:7;
1 Chronicles 14:12; ritually (compare
Qal 2 a near the end)
Leviticus 4:12;
Leviticus 6:23 [
Leviticus 6:30];
Leviticus 7:17,
Leviticus 7:19;
Leviticus 13:52;
Leviticus 19:6; of person, as penalty
Genesis 38:24 (J),
Joshua 7:15 (JE),
2 Samuel 23:7 (poetry),
Leviticus 21:9 (H).
†
Pi. Participle suffix
מְסָֽרְפוֺ [
H5635 Amos 6:10]
his burner, usually
one burning him, but probably
burning spices for him, see Dr and compare
Qal above.
†
Pu. Perfect 3rd person masculine singular שֹׂרָ֑ף, of goat
Leviticus 10:16 it was burnt up (and gone).
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
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