עָבַר 548 verb pass over, through, by, pass on (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Zinjirli
עבר Haph. Lzb
336 Cook
88, perhaps also Nabataean
עבר Id
ib.;
עֲבַר, Syriac
id.; Assyrian
ebêru,
id. Dl
HWB 10, and derivatives; Arabic
id., and derivatives; Sabean
עבר = Hebrew
עִבַּר
1. MordtSabDenkm 49; עברת passage, march through DHMZMG xxix (1875), 614 also bank or neighbourhood of a stream SabDenkm49); —
Qal465 Perfect 3rd person masculine singular ע׳ Genesis 15:17 +, suffix
עֲבָרוֺ Jeremiah 23:9;
1st person singular עָבַ֫רְתִּי 1 Samuel 15:24 +;
2nd person masculine plural עֲבַרְתֶּם Genesis 18:5 +; 1st person plural
עָבַ֫רְנוּ Joshua 24:17 +, etc.;
Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular יַעֲבֹר Amos 8:5 +,
יַעֲבָרֿ Genesis 33:14 +, suffix
3rd person masculine singular יַעַבְרֶ֫נּוּ Isaiah 33:21;
Isaiah 35:8,
יַעַבְרֶ֫נְהוּ Jeremiah 5:22,
וַיַּעֲבֹר Genesis 12:6 +;
1st person singular אֶעֱבֹר Amos 5:17 +, cohortative
אֶעְבְּרָה Numbers 21:22 +,
אֶעֱבֹ֑רָה Numbers 20:19;
Judges 12:5, etc.;
Imperative masculine singular
עֲבֹר Exodus 17:5 +; feminine singular
עִבְרִי Micah 1:11 +
2 times;
עֲבֹ֑רִי Isaiah 23:12; masculine plural
עִבְרוּ Amos 6:2 +;
Infinitive absolute עָבוֺר 2 Samuel 17:16;
construct עֲבֹר Amos 7:8 +,
לַעֲבָרֿ 1 Kings 18:6 +
Nahum 2:1 Qr (Kt
לעבור); suffix
עָבְרִי Exodus 33:22;
Deuteronomy 4:21, etc.;
Participle עֹבֵר Judges 8:4 +, etc.; —
1. pass over:
a. = cross (stream, wady, sea, etc.),
(1) with accusative
Genesis 31:21 (E),
Genesis 32:11 (J),
Joshua 3:14,
17;
Joshua 4:1 (all J E),
Deuteronomy 2:14 (D),
Numbers 32:29 (P),
2 Samuel 17:20,
22,
24;
Isaiah 16:8, +
37 times, +
Genesis 32:23 (E; accusative
מַעֲבַר),
וְעָֽבְרָה הָֽעֲבָרָה לַעֲבִיר 2 Samuel 19:19 (read
וַיַּעַבְרוּ We Dr Kit Löhr,
and they crossed the ford, or
וְעָֽבְרוּ frequent., HPS; >
Klo Bu
וַיַּעַבְדוּ הָעֲבֹדָה and they performed the service); also with accusative + accusative of location
1 Samuel 13:7, +
ה locative
Deuteronomy 4:26;
Deuteronomy 31:13;
Deuteronomy 32:47.
(2) accusative omitted
Judges 3:28;
2 Samuel 17:16 (twice in verse) +
32 times, +
עֹבֵר Judges 8:4 (read
וַיַּעֲבֹר Vrss, or strike out as gloss GFM Bu),
2 Samuel 15:23a (where read
עֹמֵד for MT
עֹבֵר We Dr Bu Kit Löhr HPS, but strike out
עֹבְרִים, plausibly, Klo HPS); with
אֶלֿ †
Numbers 32:7 (JE),
Deuteronomy 27:2 (D),
Joshua 4:13;
Joshua 22:19 (both P), with
אֶלעֵֿבֶר Deuteronomy 30:13, with
הָעֵבֶר 1 Samuel 26:13; with
ה locative †
Deuteronomy 3:21;
Deuteronomy 4:14;
Deuteronomy 6:1;
Deuteronomy 11:8,
11;
Deuteronomy 34:4;
Isaiah 23:6; with accusative of location †
Isaiah 23:12;
Jeremiah 2:10;
Numbers 32:32 (P).
†d. pass, march over (that is, bodies of captives),
Isaiah 51:23 (twice in verse).
†g. of razor
passing over head, with
עַל Numbers 6:50; figurative of time
passing over one, with
עַלֿ 1 Chronicles 29:30 (compare Biblical Aramaic
חלף על Daniel 4:13 +).
3. Pass through, traverse, usually
a. with
בְּ of land, city, etc.:
Numbers 22:21 (E),
Numbers 20:21;
Joshua 18:9 (JE),
Exodus 12:2 (P),
1 Samuel 9:4 (
4 times in verse);
2 Samuel 20:14 (+
ה locative), +
31 times; with
בְּתוֺךְ †
Ezekiel 9:4;
Job 15:19; with
בְּקֶרֶב of camp, nation(s) †
Joshua 1:11;
Joshua 3:2 (D),
Joshua 24:17 (E),
Amos 5:17;
Deuteronomy 29:15; with accusative †
Deuteronomy 2:18;
Deuteronomy 29:15;
Judges 11:29 (twice in verse);
Isaiah 10:29;
Job 14:5 is
pass over, beyond (compare
1i); absolute
Exodus 12:23 (J),
Numbers 20:19,
20 (JE),
Deuteronomy 2:28;
Micah 5:7;
Lamentations 3:44;
Ezekiel 14:15;
Ezekiel 33:28; † opposed to
שׁוּב,
pass through and return, go to and fro,
Exodus 32:27 (E;
מִשַּׁעַר לָשַׁעַר בְּ׳), participle absolute
those going to and fro Ezekiel 35:7;
Zechariah 7:14;
Zechariah 9:8.
c. participle absolute
הָעֹבְרִים the passers-through Ezekiel 39:11a, read probably
הָעֲבָרִים (JDMich Hi Co Berthol),
Ezekiel 39:11b (Co reads
אֶתהַֿגַּיְא; Toy strike out as gloss),
Ezekiel 39:14 (strike out
Co Toy Berthol).
e. traverse with accusative of expanse of water
Isaiah 33:21 (of ship).
4.
a. pass along by (
עַלֿ),
Genesis 18:5 (J; not
סַרְתֶּם אֶלֿ Ball after
),
1 Kings 9:8;
Jeremiah 18:16 +
14 times; with
עַל־פָּנָיו Exodus 34:6 (J); with accusative †
Genesis 32:32;
Judges 3:26 (on other possibilities see GFM),
2 Kings 6:9; absolute
pass by Exodus 33:22 (twice in verse) (J),
2 Kings 4:8 +
15 times, + (of wind)
Job 37:21;
Proverbs 10:25 and (of waters, =
flow past)
Habakkuk 3:10 (compare
Job 6:15),
Job 11:16, hence
מוֺר עֹבֵר Songs 5:5,
13 flowing myrrh (liquid, opposed to hard =
דְּרוֺר מ׳ Exodus 30:23); participle =
passer-by Micah 2:8;
Ezekiel 5:14;
Ezekiel 36:34;
Ezekiel 39:15 +
6 times (
Proverbs 26:10 see Toy), +
עֹבֵר אֹרַח Isaiah 33:8,
עֹבְרֵי דֶרֶךְ †
Lamentations 1:12;
Lamentations 2:15;
Job 21:29;
Proverbs 9:15;
Psalm 80:13;
Psalm 89:42;
pass by =
overtake and pass with accusative †
2 Samuel 18:23.
e. pass along (from hand to hand), only participle
שֶׁקֶל כֶּסֶף עֹבֵר לַסֹּחֵר Genesis 23:16 i.e.
current money
of the merchant (or, money
passing over to merchant ? Bu
ThLz 1892 (3), 63);
כֶּסֶף עֹבֵר 2 Kings 12:5.
5. Pass on, go on:
a. absolute
Genesis 18:5 (J),
Numbers 22:26 (E),
Judges 12:1 +
20 times, +
Judges 11:29;
Judges 18:13;
Joshua 10:29 (D; all with accusative of goal +
מִן),
Genesis 18:3 (J; with
מֵעַל person); also with
אֶלֿ person or thing,
proceed unto 1 Kings 19:19;
2 Kings 4:8;
Nehemiah 2:14, with
עַלֿ person (read
אֶלֿ ?)
Lamentations 4:21; with
מִן Ruth 2:8,
out of the city 2 Samuel 15:24; with
ה locative
Judges 12:1;
2 Samuel 19:41, with
ה locative +
מִן Joshua 10:31,
34 (D);
מֵעִיר לָעִיר בארץ ע׳ 2 Chronicles 30:10; absolute
2 Samuel 19:41 all the people of Judah proceeding with the king (read
עֹבְרִים for
ויעברו, see
Hiph. near the end).
i. pass on, advance, absolute,
Psalm 48:5 (Ol We
pass away, perish),
Micah 2:13a (accusative of location).
†6. Pass away:
a. emigrate, leave one's territory or city
Micah 1:11.
e. with
מִן of hands
Psalm 81:7 (i.e. they were freed from).
f. =
be alienated, pass into other hands Ezekiel 48:14 (reading Kt; > Qr
Hiph.). —
Jeremiah 2:20 read
אֶעֱבוֺד Kt (not
אֶעֱבוֺר Qr);
וָאֶתֵּן לָהֶם יַעַבְרוּם Jeremiah 8:13 and I gave to them that which they transgress Aq Symm Ew,
those that shall pass over them Hi Gf Ke RVm,
those that shall consume, devour them Rothst
Kau (reading
יְבַעֲרוּם) but all very dubious;
Co strike out;
Jeremiah 11:15 read Hiph. which see;
מִנֹּגַהּ נֶּגְדּוֺ עָבָיו עָֽבְרוּ Psalm 18:13 is difficult; perhaps best, as Che Kit
Kau Löhr,
out of the brightness before him issued forth hailstones, etc. (strike out
עָבָיו); > ||
2 Samuel 22:13 בָּֽעֲרוּ and so here Bu HPS compare Woods
Hebraica 1887, 262, his clouds burned with hailstones, etc.; read rather
עברו in
2nd person singular
†
Niph. Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular נַחַל אֲשֶׁר לֹא יֵעָבֵר Ezekiel 47:5 a stream which cannot be forded.
Pi.
1. Perfect 3rd person masculine singular שׁוֺרוֺ עִבַּר Job 21:10 his bull impregnateth (compare Late Hebrew)
**מְעֻבֶּרֶת pregnant, Yeb 4:1; 4:2; 7:3; Keth 1:9'; but note also that in
J and Talmud (both Aramaic and Hebrew)
עִבֵּר =
conceive,
עִבּוּר conception,
עוֺבֵר embryo; absolute (properly
causeth to pass over, that is
semen).
2. Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular וַיְעַבֵּר בְּ׳ 1 Kings 6:21 he made to pass across with chains of gold. —
Hithp. see [
עָבַר] below.
†
Hiph. Perfect 3rd person masculine singular הֶעֱבִיר 2 Samuel 12:13 +;
2nd person masculine singular הֵעֲבַ֫רְתָּ Joshua 7:7 (Ges
§ 63p),
וְהַעֲבַרְתָּ֫ Ezekiel 5:1 +;
1st person singular הֶעֱבַ֫רְתִּי Zechariah 3:4,
וְהַעֲבַרְתִּ֫י Ezekiel 20:37 +
Jeremiah 15:14 (but read
והעבדתי Manuscripts Ew Hi Gf Gie), etc.;
Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular וַיַּעֲבֵר Genesis 8:1 +,
וַיַּעֲבֶרֿ 2 Chronicles 36:22 =
Ezra 1:1, suffix
וַיַּעֲבִרֵנִי Ezekiel 46:21 +, etc.;
Imperative masculine singular
הַעֲבֵר Psalm 119:37 +
2 times,
הַעֲבֶרֿ 2 Samuel 24:10 =
1 Chronicles 21:8; masculine plural suffix
הַעֲבִירוּנִי 2 Chronicles 35:23;
Infinitive absolute הַעֲבִיר Joshua 7:7 (read probably
הַעֲבֵיר);
construct הַעֲבִיר 2 Samuel 3:10 +,
לַעֲבִיר 2 Samuel 19:19 (Ges
§ 53q), etc.;
Participle מַעֲבִיר Deuteronomy 18:10;
Daniel 11:20, plural
מַעֲבִרִים 1 Samuel 2:24 (see below); —
1. cause to pass over, bring over:
c. make over to (
ל), accusative of inheritance
Numbers 27:7,
8 (P); of
making over, dedicating, something to (
לְ) deity
Exodus 13:12 (J E; =
קִדַּשׂ). Especially...
2.
a. cause to pass through, with accusative +
בְּ Ezekiel 14:15;
Ezekiel 47:3,
4 +
Ezekiel 47:4 (where insert
בְּ, compare Co Berthol Toy),
Numbers 31:23 (twice in verse) (P); with accusative +
בְּתוֺךְ Psalm 136:14; with accusative of person alone
Psalm 78:13, +
אֶלֿ Ezekiel 46:21, +
עַדאֲֿשֶׁר Nehemiah 2:7; with accusative of (sound of)
שׁוֺפָר Leviticus 25:9 (H), +
בְּ Leviticus 25:9 (P); with accusative
קוֺל =
proclamation, +
בְּ Exodus 36:6 (P),
2 Chronicles 30:5;
36:22 =
Ezra 1:1;
Ezra 10:7)+
לִ person),
Nehemiah 8:15.
3.
b. let pass by, with accusative
מוֺעֵד Jeremiah 46:17 he hath let the set time pass by (in mocking appell. of Pharaoh).
d. cause to pass under rod, for counting,
Ezekiel 20:37 (compare
Qal 5 g).
4. Cause to pass away, take away, kingdom (accusative) +
מִן person
2 Samuel 3:10, compare
Esther 8:2, +
מֵעַל Jonah 3:6 (of putting off garment); with accusative of sin
2 Samuel 12:13;
2 Samuel 24:20 =
1 Chronicles 21:8;
Job 7:21, +
מֵעַל person
Zechariah 3:4;
Jeremiah 11:15 (reading
יַעֲבִרוּ מֵעַל Ew Gf Gie);
put away evil things (accusative) from (
מִן),
1 Kings 15:12 compare ||
2 Chronicles 15:8;
Zechariah 13:2;
Ecclesiastes 11:10; with accusative alone
Psalm 119:39;
Esther 8:3; also
take me away (suffix)
2 Chronicles 35:23 (with
מִן)
2 Chronicles 35:24;
turn away eyes (accusative) +
מִן Psalm 119:37. —
Genesis 47:21 read
הֶעֱבִיד לַעֲבָדִים SAM
Ol Kn Di Kau Holz;
Jeremiah 15:14 read
וְהַעֲבַדְתִּיךָ Manuscripts Gie;
2 Samuel 12:31 read
וְהֶעֱבִיד Hoffm
ZAW ii (1882), 53 f. Gr Klo Bu Kit HPS, compare Dr Löhr;
2 Samuel 19:41 (for
ויעברו Kt,
הֶעֱבִרוּ Qr) read
עֹבְרִים We Bu Löhr HPS,
וַיַּעַבְרוּ Kit (see
Qal 5 a);
Ezekiel 48:14 read
Qal (so Kt; see
Qal 6 e);
מַעֲבִרִים עַםיֿ׳ 1 Samuel 2:24 not good is the report which I hear
the people of י׳ spreading (compare
2), so Ew Th We Dr Kit Löhr RVm, but order of words difficult; > (ye)
make the people of י׳ transgress AV RV; text dubious;
נוֺגֵשׂ מַעֲבִיר Daniel 11:20 one causing an exactor to pass through Ew and others RV, Bev proposes
נוֺגֵשׂ מ׳ an exactor causing to pass away the glory, etc.
† [
עָבַר]
verb denominative Hithp. be arrogant, infuriate oneself; —
Perfect 3rd person masculine singular הִתְעַבָּ֑ר Psalm 78:62;
2nd person masculine singular הַתְעַבַּ֫רְתָּ Psalm 89:39;
Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular וַיִּתְעַבֵּר Deuteronomy 3:26,
וַיִּתְעַבָּ֑ר Psalm 78:21;
Psalm 78:59;
Participle מִתְעַבֵּר Proverbs 14:16;
Proverbs 26:17; suffix
מִתְעַבְּרוֺ Proverbs 20:2; —
2.
b. incite one
to fury for oneself Proverbs 20:2 (si vera lectio; compare De Ges
§ 54 f.).
See related Aramaic BDB entry
H5709.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
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