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Acts 25:2 The chief priests and the principal men probably refers to the Sanhedrin.
Acts 25:4 Festus unintentionally protected Paul by insisting that any hearing should take place in his headquarters at Caesarea.
Acts 25:9–11 Paul feared Festus would give him up to the Jews. As a Roman citizen he had the right to appeal his case to Caesar. He exercised that right in order to take the matter out of the governor’s hands (a.d. 59). “Caesar” was the emperor Nero Caesar, who reigned a.d. 54–68. His first five years were relatively peaceful. After that, he became increasingly cruel and irrational.
Acts 25:12 In difficult or unusual cases, Roman administrators usually consulted an advisory board or council of high-ranking officials.
Acts 25:13 Agrippa the king was Agrippa II, son of Herod Agrippa I (see notes on 12:1; 24:24), and great-grandson of Herod the Great (see note on Matt. 2:1). He ruled over several minor, primarily Gentile territories. The emperor Claudius had given Agrippa II rule over the temple in Jerusalem. He also gave him the right to appoint the high priest. Bernice was his sister and constant companion.
Acts 25:18 brought no charge . . . of such evils as I supposed. Festus concludes that Paul had broken no Roman laws. To Festus, this was merely a religious dispute.
Acts 25:23–26:32 Of Paul’s three “defense” speeches (chs. 22; 24; 26), this one before Agrippa gives the most detailed explanation of the gospel.
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