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Study :: Bible Study Notes :: ESV Global Study Bible :: Footnotes for 1 Chronicles 12
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ESV Global Study Bible :: Footnotes for 1 Chronicles 12

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References for 1Ch 12:4 —  1   2   3   4 

1 Chron 12:1–22 Before his reign in Hebron, David took refuge from Saul in various strongholds in the Judean desert. He also stayed in Ziklag for 16 months under the protection of the Philistine king Achish (1 Sam. 27:6). This section provides a “flashback” to those days and places. Like the rest of 1 Chron. 11:1–12:40, they show the growing support for David from every tribe of Israel.

1 Chron 12:1–7 David gained support from Saul’s own tribe of Benjamin while in Ziklag.

1 Chron 12:8–15 David received support from the Gadites of Transjordan earlier, possibly at Adullam (1 Sam. 22:1) or Engedi (1 Sam. 23:29).

1 Chron 12:8 mighty . . . warriors, expert. A frequent theme here (see vv. 2, 14, 21–22) is that Israel’s most skillful, heroic warriors are siding with David, confirming that he is the Lord’s anointed.

1 Chron 12:16–18 When David’s life is threatened by Saul, Amasai encourages loyalty to David, declaring that he has God’s support. The Spirit clothed is the Chronicler’s characteristic phrase for prophetic inspiration (2 Chron. 15:1; 24:20; see Judg. 6:34).

1 Chron 12:19–21 On the Philistines’ relations with David, see 1 Samuel 29.

1 Chron 12:22 from day to day men came to David to help him. This comment summarizes the chapter. A great army was gathered to David. like an army of God. God was strengthening David by sending warriors to him.

1 Chron 12:23–37 To turn the kingdom of Saul over to him refers back to 10:14 and summarizes the overall theme of chs. 10–12. according to the word of the Lord. The tribes, like their elders (11:3), act in obedience to the prophetic word declaring David to be king.

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