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Lexicon :: Strong's H8104 - šāmar

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שָׁמַר
Transliteration
šāmar
Pronunciation
shaw-mar'
Listen
Part of Speech
verb
Root Word (Etymology)
A primitive root
Dictionary Aids

TWOT Reference: 2414

Strong’s Definitions

שָׁמַר shâmar, shaw-mar'; a primitive root; properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.:—beward, be circumspect, take heed (to self), keep(-er, self), mark, look narrowly, observe, preserve, regard, reserve, save (self), sure, (that lay) wait (for), watch(-man).

KJV Translation Count — Total: 468x

The KJV translates Strong's H8104 in the following manner: keep (283x), observe (46x), heed (35x), keeper (28x), preserve (21x), beware (9x), mark (8x), watchman (8x), wait (7x), watch (7x), regard (5x), save (2x), miscellaneous (9x).

KJV Translation Count — Total: 468x
The KJV translates Strong's H8104 in the following manner: keep (283x), observe (46x), heed (35x), keeper (28x), preserve (21x), beware (9x), mark (8x), watchman (8x), wait (7x), watch (7x), regard (5x), save (2x), miscellaneous (9x).

  1. to keep, guard, observe, give heed

    1. (Qal)

      1. to keep, have charge of

      2. to keep, guard, keep watch and ward, protect, save life

        1. watch, watchman (participle)

      3. to watch for, wait for

      4. to watch, observe

      5. to keep, retain, treasure up (in memory)

      6. to keep (within bounds), restrain

      7. to observe, celebrate, keep (sabbath or covenant or commands), perform (vow)

      8. to keep, preserve, protect

      9. to keep, reserve

    2. (Niphal)

      1. to be on one's guard, take heed, take care, beware

      2. to keep oneself, refrain, abstain

      3. to be kept, be guarded

    3. (Piel) to keep, pay heed

    4. (Hithpael) to keep oneself from

Strong’s Definitions [?](Strong’s Definitions Legend)
שָׁמַר shâmar, shaw-mar'; a primitive root; properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.:—beward, be circumspect, take heed (to self), keep(-er, self), mark, look narrowly, observe, preserve, regard, reserve, save (self), sure, (that lay) wait (for), watch(-man).
STRONGS H8104: Abbreviations
I. שָׁמַר 465 verb keep, watch, preserve (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician שמר in proper name and (Punic) = watchman; Tel Amarna šimiru is perhaps overseer (Canaanism), WklNo. 80, i. 23; Mandean סמירא preserved NöM 46; compare Arabic bdb103603 converse by night, stay awake (see LagBN 105); BaNB 175 f.; ES 43 infers from bdb103604 eyelid (compare [שְׁמֻרָה] below), and Arabic bdb103605 support, aid, protect (l = r), that two √√ are combined in Hebrew; but proof insufficient); —
Qal425 Perfect 3rd person masculine singular שׁ׳ Genesis 37:11 +, etc.; Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular יִשְׁמֹר 1 Samuel 2:9 +, יִשְׁמָרֿ Jeremiah 5:24 +, suffix 3rd person masculine singular יִשְׁמְרֶנּוּ Exodus 21:29, 36; 3rd person feminine singular suffix תִּשְׁמוּרֵ֑ם Proverbs 14:3 (read תִּשְׁמְרוּם, see Ges§ 47 g Toy), etc.; Imperative masculine singular שְׁמֹר Job 2:6 +, שָׁמְרָה 1 Chronicles 29:18 +; masculine plural שִׁמְרוּ Joshua 6:18 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute שָׁמוֺר Deuteronomy 5:12 +; construct שְׁמֹר Genesis 3:24 +, suffix שָׁמְרָהּ Genesis 2:15, etc.; Participle active שֹׁמֵר 1 Samuel 1:12 +, etc.; passive שָׁמוּר Ecclesiastes 5:12 (1 Samuel 9:24 see below), etc.; — [Synon. I. נָצַר, נָטַר, which see]:
1.
a. keep, have charge of, garden Genesis 2:15 (J), ark 1 Samuel 7:1, property in trust Exodus 22:6; Exodus 22:9 (E), compare 1 Samuel 25:31; tend flock Genesis 30:31 (E), compare Zechariah 3:7; Numbers 3:8 (P); so perhaps (object omitted) Hosea 12:13 (where שׁ׳ chosen for parallelism Now Marti and others); Participle הֲשֹׁמֵר אָחִי אָנֹ֑כִי Genesis 4:9 (J), שׁ׳ of sheep 1 Samuel 17:20, הַכֵּלִים שׁ׳ 1 Samuel 17:22, הַכְּגָדִים שׁ׳ 2 Kings 22:14; 2 Chronicles 34:22, הַנָּשִׁים שׁ׳ Esther 2:3, 8, 15, compare Esther 2:14, etc.
b. keep, guard, captives Joshua 10:18 (J), 1 Kings 20:39, דֶּרֶךְ Genesis 3:24 (J); keep watch and ward, אֶל person for whom 1 Samuel 26:15 (Psalm 59:10 see 3 end), עַל person Psalm 59:16; Proverbs 6:22; בַּנַּעַר 2 Samuel 18:12 have a care of (read לִי for מִי Greek Version of the LXX and modern); in hostile sense, אֶל הָעִיר (in siege) 2 Samuel 11:16, חַטָאתִי עַל Job 14:16 (but read תַּעֲבֹר with Greek Version of the LXX Ew Di Du and others [not Hi Bu]); absolute with מֵעַל Ecclesiastes 5:7 watcheth above, etc.; keep one's mouth, be prudent of speech † Proverbs 21:33 [Proverbs 21:23 ?], compare Micah 7:5; keep = protect, save, one's life, נֶפֶשׁ Proverbs 13:3; Proverbs 16:17; Proverbs 19:16; Proverbs 22:5, another's Job 2:6; in Proverbs, accusative of person, subject wisdom, Job 4:6 she shall preserve thee, compare (+ מִן of evil) Job 6:24; Job 7:5; especially participle watch, watchman, of city Isaiah 21:11 (twice in verse); Isaiah 21:12; Isaiah 62:5 (figurative), Songs 3:3; Songs 5:7 (twice in verse); Psalm 127:1; הַמֶּלֶף שׁ׳ (in temple) Jeremiah 35:4 + (see סַף), הַמֶּלֶךְ בֵּית פֶּתַח הַשּׁ׳ 1 Kings 14:27 2 Chronicles 12:10, הַשְּׁעָרִים שׁ׳ Nehemiah 13:22, שֹׁמְרֵי הַבַּיִת (figurative) Ecclesiastes 12:3; שׁ׳ הַבַּיִת keep the house (of David's concubines) † 2 Samuel 15:16; 2 Samuel 16:21; 2 Samuel 20:3; שֹׁמֵר הַכֵּלִים 1 Samuel 17:22, הַבְּגָדִים שׁ׳ 2 Kings 22:14, הַפַּרְדֵּם שׁ׳ Nehemiah 2:8, הַנָּשִׁים שׁ׳ Esther 2:3, 14, 15, שֹׁמְרִים absolute Judges 7:19; Jeremiah 51:12.
c. hence watch for, wait for, accusative of person 1 Samuel 19:11 (to kill him), compare Psalm 59:1 (title; accusative הַבַּיִת); with יֲקֵכַי Psalm 56:7 = dog my steps, Psalm 71:10; Jeremiah 20:10; = watch (suspiciously) Job 10:14; Job 13:27; Job 33:11; absolute הַשֹּׁעמרִים Judges 1:24; wait for, נֶשֶׁף Job 24:15, לַבֹּקֶר Psalm 130:6 (twice in verse).
d. watch, observe, accusative of thing 1 Samuel 1:12; Ecclesiastes 11:4; Job 39:1; Jeremiah 8:7 (of birds), with intelligence Isaiah 42:20; Psalm 107:43; accusative of person Psalm 37:37 (|| ראה), Zechariah 11:11; accusative of sin Psalm 31:7; Psalm 130:3; accusative of thing, for the purpose of avoiding, Psalm 17:4.
2.
a. keep, retain, of storing up (food) Genesis 41:35 (E); absolute Ecclesiastes 3:6 (opposed to הִשְׁלִיךְ); treasure up (in memory) Genesis 37:11 (E), compare Malachi 2:7; 1 Chronicles 29:18; Proverbs 4:21 (בְּתוֺךְ לְבָבֶ֑ךְ), Proverbs 22:18 (כְּבִטֱנ֑ךָ); retain wrath Amos 1:11 (read שָׁמֶר לָנֶצַח We Now GASm Marti; see also נָטַר 1) + (anger omitted) Jeremiah 3:5 (|| נטר).
b. keep within bounds, restrain, object שׁוֺר Exodus 21:29, 36 (E); with accusative hand, מִן of evil Isaiah 56:2; figurative keep thy foot, with temporal clause Ecclesiastes 4:17; לְֿפִי מַחְסוֺם אֶשׁ׳ Psalm 39:2 (Greek Version of the LXX Du and others אָשִׁימָה); apparently reflexive (= Niph.), † Joshua 6:18 (+ מִןהַֿחֵרֶס), possibly sc. גַפְשְׁכֶם Di.
3.
a. observe, celebrate, accusative of festival, etc., Exodus 23:15 (E), Exodus 34:18 (J), Exodus 12:17; of day Exodus 12:17 (P), of month Deuteronomy 16:1.
b. keep Sabbath † Deuteronomy 5:12; Leviticus 19:3, 30; Leviticus 26:2 (all H), Exodus 31:13, 14, 16 (P), Isaiah 56:4, also (+ מֵחַלְּלוֺ) Isaiah 56:2; Isaiah 56:6.
c. of other obligations: keep convenant Ezekiel 17:14, especially convenant of י׳ Deuteronomy 29:8; 1 Kings 11:11 + 5 times, שְׁבֻעַת י׳ 1 Kings 2:43, perform vow Deuteronomy 23:24; keep commands Jeremiah 35:18; Ezekiel 20:18; especially מִצָוֺת, תֻקִּים, יֲבֹדָה, etc., of י׳ (sometimes || נצר), Exodus 20:6 = Deuteronomy 5:10; Amos 2:4; 1 Kings 2:3; Psalm 119:8; Psalm 119:17; Psalm 119:34 + very often (about + 120 times); דֶּרֶח י׳ שׁ׳ Genesis 18:19 (J) + 4 times, דַּרְכֵי י׳ 2 Samuel 22:22 = Psalm 18:22, י׳ ד׳ omitted Judges 2:22b; אָרְחוֺת צַדַּיקִים שׁ׳ Proverbs 2:20 (|| תֵּלֵח תְּלֵח בְּדֶרֶח טוֺבֹים), שׁ׳ דְּרָכַי (ways of wisdom) Proverbs 8:32 (Psalm 17:4 see 1d); keep discharge an office, כְּהֻנָּה Numbers 3:10; Numbers 18:7 (both P), absolute 2 Chronicles 5:11; a function or duty, especially מִשְׁמֶרֶת שׁ׳ Leviticus 8:35; Numbers 1:53 + approximately + 32 times (see מ׳ below); accusative of obligation often omitted, especially D (and RD) keep and do Deuteronomy 4:6; Deuteronomy 7:12 + 8 times; to do Deuteronomy 5:1, 29 + 16 times D + 3 times, etc.
d. observe = follow dictates of (prudence, justice, kindness, wisdom) Hosea 12:7 (וּמִשְׁפָּט חֶסֶד), Isaiah 56:1; Proverbs 4:4; Proverbs 5:2; Proverbs 7:1, 2; bad sense, observe vanities Psalm 31:7. — Doubtful are: לִשְׁמֹר absolute Hosea 4:10, very strange (conjectures in We Now Marti); שָׁמוּר 1 Samuel 9:24, HPS אֵחַרְנוּ, compare Now BuComm.; Psalm 59:10 read עֻוִּי אֵלֶיךָ אֲזַמֵּ֑רָה (as Psalm 59:18, Syriac Version Che Bae).
4. sometimes י׳ subject:
a. keep, preserve, protect, accusative of person, + ב of way, etc., Genesis 28:15, 20 (J), Exodus 23:20 (E; of מַלְאָח), Psalm 91:11 (מ׳), Joshua 24:17 (E); accusative of person (or נפשׁ) only: 1 Samuel 30:23; Jeremiah 31:9; Numbers 6:24 (P), Job 29:2; Psalm 16:1 + 10 times Psalms; + מִן Psalm 121:7 + 2 times; accusative רַהְּלַי 1 Samuel 2:9, compare Proverbs 3:26 (מִן); Participle שֹׁמְרֶ֑ךָ Psalm 121:3; Psalm 121:5, compare Psalm 121:4, etc.; accusative of city Psalm 127:1.
b. with accusative בְּרִית, ל person Deuteronomy 7:12, + חֶסֶד Deuteronomy 7:7 + 5 times, אֱמֶת לְעוֺלָם הַשּׁ׳ Psalm 146:6; הַשְּׁבֻעָה Deuteronomy 7:8, etc.; passive of covenant (י׳ agent) עֲרוּכָה בַכֹּל וּשְׁמֻרָה 2 Samuel 23:5 (legal terminology, Dr).
5. keep, reserve, weeks of harvest Jeremiah 5:24 (ל person).
Niph.36 Perfect 3rd person masculine singular נִשְׁמַד 2 Samuel 20:10, etc.; Imperfect 3rd person feminine singular תִּשָּׁמֵד Judges 13:13; 2nd person masculine plural תִּשָּׁמַ֑רוּ Exodus 23:13; Imperative masculine singular תִּשָּׁמֵד Isaiah 7:4 (לְךָ) הִשָּׁ֫מֶר Genesis 24:6 +; feminine singular הִשָּֽׁמְרִי Judges 13:4, etc.; —
1. be on one's guard, with בַּחֶרֶב 2 Samuel 20:10 by reason of the sword, i.e. against it; with ב temporal 1 Samuel 19:2, שָׁם 2 Kings 6:10; take heed Exodus 23:13 (E) Deuteronomy 2:4; with מִן person Exodus 23:21 (E), Jeremiah 9:3; מִן of thing Judges 13:13; Deuteronomy 23:10; מִן infinitive take care not to, etc. Genesis 31:29 (E), 2 Kings 6:9; infinitive without מִן Exodus 19:12 (J), but read probably מֵעֲלוֺת; followed by פֶּן lest Genesis 24:6 (J) + 11 times (especially Deuteronomy); with (וְ)אַל jussive Exodus 10:23 (J), Judges 13:4; Job 36:21, with Imperative coordinate Isaiah 7:4. — Very often Imperative (24 times), especially in phrase הִשָּׁמֶרלְֿךָ (12 times), הִשָּֽׁטְרוּ לָכֶם (3 times); + לְנַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶם Deuteronomy 4:15; Joshua 23:11 (RD; + infinitive); + בְּנַפ׳ Jeremiah 17:21 apparently ב pret. on peril of your life (compare ב III. 3 a), so perhaps also בְּרוּחֲכֶם Malachi 2:15, 16 (We Now).
†2. keep oneself, refrain, abstain, מֵאִשָּׁה 1 Samuel 21:5.
†3. be kept, guarded, Hosea 12:14 (compare שׁ׳ of Jacob Hosea 12:13); be preserved (by י׳) Psalm 37:28 (לִיוֺלָם), but read probably עַוָּלִים (לְעוֺלָם) נִשְׁמָ֑דוּ Hup-Ri (Now) Che Bae Du Dr.
† Pi. Participle plural מְשַׁמְּרִים הַבְלֵישָֿׁוְא Jonah 2:9 those paying regard to false vanities (compare Qal Psalm 31:7).
† Hithp. Imperfect 1st person singular וָאֶשְׁתַּסֵּר מֵעֲוֺנַי Psalm 18:24 I kept myself from, etc. = 2 Samuel 22:24 (verb cohortative); 3rd person masculine singular וְיִשְׁתַּמֵּר חֻקּוֺת עָמְרִי Micah 6:16, but read וְתִשְׁמֹר thou keepest, observest, We Now GASm.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
Copyright © 2002, 2003, 2006 by Biblesoft, Inc.
All rights reserved. Used by permission. BibleSoft.com

BLB Scripture Index of Brown-Driver-Briggs

Genesis

2:15; 2:15; 3:24; 3:24; 4:9; 18:19; 24:6; 24:6; 28:15; 28:20; 30:31; 31:29; 37:11; 37:11; 41:35

Exodus

10:23; 12:17; 12:17; 19:12; 20:6; 21:29; 21:29; 21:36; 21:36; 22:6; 22:9; 23:13; 23:13; 23:15; 23:20; 23:21; 31:13; 31:14; 31:16; 34:18

Leviticus

8:35; 19:3; 19:30; 26:2

Numbers

1:53; 3:8; 3:10; 6:24; 18:7

Deuteronomy

2:4; 4:6; 4:15; 5:1; 5:10; 5:12; 5:12; 5:29; 7:7; 7:8; 7:12; 7:12; 16:1; 23:10; 23:24; 29:8

Joshua

6:18; 6:18; 10:18; 23:11; 24:17

Judges

1:24; 2:22; 7:19; 13:4; 13:4; 13:13; 13:13

1 Samuel

1:12; 1:12; 2:9; 2:9; 7:1; 9:24; 9:24; 17:20; 17:22; 17:22; 19:2; 19:11; 21:5; 25:31; 26:15; 30:23

2 Samuel

11:16; 15:16; 16:21; 18:12; 20:3; 20:10; 20:10; 22:22; 22:24; 23:5

1 Kings

2:3; 2:43; 11:11; 14:27; 20:39

2 Kings

6:9; 6:10; 22:14; 22:14

1 Chronicles

29:18; 29:18

2 Chronicles

5:11; 12:10; 34:22

Nehemiah

2:8; 13:22

Esther

2:3; 2:3; 2:8; 2:14; 2:14; 2:15; 2:15

Job

2:6; 2:6; 4:6; 6:24; 7:5; 10:14; 13:27; 14:16; 24:15; 29:2; 33:11; 36:21; 39:1

Psalms

16:1; 17:4; 17:4; 18:22; 18:24; 31:7; 31:7; 31:7; 37:28; 37:37; 39:2; 56:7; 59:1; 59:10; 59:10; 59:16; 71:10; 91:11; 107:43; 119:8; 119:17; 119:34; 121:3; 121:4; 121:5; 121:7; 127:1; 127:1; 130:3; 130:6; 146:6

Proverbs

2:20; 3:26; 4:4; 4:21; 5:2; 6:22; 7:1; 7:2; 8:32; 13:3; 14:3; 16:17; 19:16; 21:23; 22:5; 22:18

Ecclesiastes

3:6; 5:7; 5:12; 11:4; 12:3

Song of Songs

3:3; 5:7

Isaiah

7:4; 7:4; 21:11; 21:12; 42:20; 56:1; 56:2; 56:2; 56:4; 56:6; 62:5

Jeremiah

3:5; 5:24; 5:24; 8:7; 9:3; 17:21; 20:10; 31:9; 35:4; 35:18; 51:12

Ezekiel

17:14; 20:18

Hosea

4:10; 12:7; 12:13; 12:13; 12:14

Amos

1:11; 2:4

Jonah

2:9

Micah

6:16; 7:5

Zechariah

3:7; 11:11

Malachi

2:7; 2:15; 2:16

H8104

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Word / Phrase / Strong's Search

Strong's Number H8104 matches the Hebrew שָׁמַר (šāmar),
which occurs 12 times in 10 verses in 'Isa' in the WLC Hebrew.

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Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 7:4

Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 7:4 - And say H559 unto him, Take heed, H8104 and be quiet; H8252 fear H3372 not, neither be fainthearted H7401 H3824 for the two H8147 tails H2180 of these smoking H6226 firebrands, H181 for the fierce H2750 anger H639 of Rezin H7526 with Syria, H758 and of the son H1121 of Remaliah. H7425

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Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 21:11

Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 21:11 - The burden H4853 of Dumah. H1746 He calleth H7121 to me out of Seir, H8165 Watchman, H8104 what of the night? H3915 Watchman, H8104 what of the night? H3915

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Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 21:12

Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 21:12 - The watchman H8104 said, H559 The morning H1242 cometh, H857 and also the night: H3915 if ye will enquire, H1158 enquire H1158 ye: return, H7725 come. H857

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Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 26:2

Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 26:2 - Open H6605 ye the gates, H8179 that the righteous H6662 nation H1471 which keepeth H8104 the truth H529 may enter in. H935

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Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 42:20

Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 42:20 - Seeing H7200 H7200 many things, H7227 but thou observest H8104 not; opening H6491 the ears, H241 but he heareth H8085 not.

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Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 56:1

Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 56:1 - Thus saith H559 the LORD, H3068 Keep H8104 ye judgment, H4941 and do H6213 justice: H6666 for my salvation H3444 is near H7138 to come, H935 and my righteousness H6666 to be revealed. H1540

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Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 56:2

Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 56:2 - Blessed H835 is the man H582 that doeth H6213 this, and the son H1121 of man H120 that layeth hold H2388 on it; that keepeth H8104 the sabbath H7676 from polluting H2490 it, and keepeth H8104 his hand H3027 from doing H6213 any evil. H7451

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Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 56:4

Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 56:4 - For thus saith H559 the LORD H3068 unto the eunuchs H5631 that keep H8104 my sabbaths, H7676 and choose H977 the things that please H2654 me, and take hold H2388 of my covenant; H1285

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Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 56:6

Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 56:6 - Also the sons H1121 of the stranger, H5236 that join H3867 themselves to the LORD, H3068 to serve H8334 him, and to love H157 the name H8034 of the LORD, H3068 to be his servants, H5650 every one that keepeth H8104 the sabbath H7676 from polluting H2490 it, and taketh hold H2388 of my covenant; H1285

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Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 62:6

Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 62:6 - I have set H6485 watchmen H8104 upon thy walls, H2346 O Jerusalem, H3389 which shall never H8548 hold their peace H2814 day H3117 nor night: H3915 ye that make mention H2142 of the LORD, H3068 keep not silence, H1824
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