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Lexicon :: Strong's H8104 - šāmar

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שָׁמַר
Transliteration
šāmar
Pronunciation
shaw-mar'
Listen
Part of Speech
verb
Root Word (Etymology)
A primitive root
Dictionary Aids

TWOT Reference: 2414

Strong’s Definitions

שָׁמַר shâmar, shaw-mar'; a primitive root; properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.:—beward, be circumspect, take heed (to self), keep(-er, self), mark, look narrowly, observe, preserve, regard, reserve, save (self), sure, (that lay) wait (for), watch(-man).

KJV Translation Count — Total: 468x

The KJV translates Strong's H8104 in the following manner: keep (283x), observe (46x), heed (35x), keeper (28x), preserve (21x), beware (9x), mark (8x), watchman (8x), wait (7x), watch (7x), regard (5x), save (2x), miscellaneous (9x).

KJV Translation Count — Total: 468x
The KJV translates Strong's H8104 in the following manner: keep (283x), observe (46x), heed (35x), keeper (28x), preserve (21x), beware (9x), mark (8x), watchman (8x), wait (7x), watch (7x), regard (5x), save (2x), miscellaneous (9x).

  1. to keep, guard, observe, give heed

    1. (Qal)

      1. to keep, have charge of

      2. to keep, guard, keep watch and ward, protect, save life

        1. watch, watchman (participle)

      3. to watch for, wait for

      4. to watch, observe

      5. to keep, retain, treasure up (in memory)

      6. to keep (within bounds), restrain

      7. to observe, celebrate, keep (sabbath or covenant or commands), perform (vow)

      8. to keep, preserve, protect

      9. to keep, reserve

    2. (Niphal)

      1. to be on one's guard, take heed, take care, beware

      2. to keep oneself, refrain, abstain

      3. to be kept, be guarded

    3. (Piel) to keep, pay heed

    4. (Hithpael) to keep oneself from

Strong’s Definitions [?](Strong’s Definitions Legend)
שָׁמַר shâmar, shaw-mar'; a primitive root; properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.:—beward, be circumspect, take heed (to self), keep(-er, self), mark, look narrowly, observe, preserve, regard, reserve, save (self), sure, (that lay) wait (for), watch(-man).
STRONGS H8104: Abbreviations
I. שָׁמַר 465 verb keep, watch, preserve (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician שמר in proper name and (Punic) = watchman; Tel Amarna šimiru is perhaps overseer (Canaanism), WklNo. 80, i. 23; Mandean סמירא preserved NöM 46; compare Arabic bdb103603 converse by night, stay awake (see LagBN 105); BaNB 175 f.; ES 43 infers from bdb103604 eyelid (compare [שְׁמֻרָה] below), and Arabic bdb103605 support, aid, protect (l = r), that two √√ are combined in Hebrew; but proof insufficient); —
Qal425 Perfect 3rd person masculine singular שׁ׳ Genesis 37:11 +, etc.; Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular יִשְׁמֹר 1 Samuel 2:9 +, יִשְׁמָרֿ Jeremiah 5:24 +, suffix 3rd person masculine singular יִשְׁמְרֶנּוּ Exodus 21:29, 36; 3rd person feminine singular suffix תִּשְׁמוּרֵ֑ם Proverbs 14:3 (read תִּשְׁמְרוּם, see Ges§ 47 g Toy), etc.; Imperative masculine singular שְׁמֹר Job 2:6 +, שָׁמְרָה 1 Chronicles 29:18 +; masculine plural שִׁמְרוּ Joshua 6:18 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute שָׁמוֺר Deuteronomy 5:12 +; construct שְׁמֹר Genesis 3:24 +, suffix שָׁמְרָהּ Genesis 2:15, etc.; Participle active שֹׁמֵר 1 Samuel 1:12 +, etc.; passive שָׁמוּר Ecclesiastes 5:12 (1 Samuel 9:24 see below), etc.; — [Synon. I. נָצַר, נָטַר, which see]:
1.
a. keep, have charge of, garden Genesis 2:15 (J), ark 1 Samuel 7:1, property in trust Exodus 22:6; Exodus 22:9 (E), compare 1 Samuel 25:31; tend flock Genesis 30:31 (E), compare Zechariah 3:7; Numbers 3:8 (P); so perhaps (object omitted) Hosea 12:13 (where שׁ׳ chosen for parallelism Now Marti and others); Participle הֲשֹׁמֵר אָחִי אָנֹ֑כִי Genesis 4:9 (J), שׁ׳ of sheep 1 Samuel 17:20, הַכֵּלִים שׁ׳ 1 Samuel 17:22, הַכְּגָדִים שׁ׳ 2 Kings 22:14; 2 Chronicles 34:22, הַנָּשִׁים שׁ׳ Esther 2:3, 8, 15, compare Esther 2:14, etc.
b. keep, guard, captives Joshua 10:18 (J), 1 Kings 20:39, דֶּרֶךְ Genesis 3:24 (J); keep watch and ward, אֶל person for whom 1 Samuel 26:15 (Psalm 59:10 see 3 end), עַל person Psalm 59:16; Proverbs 6:22; בַּנַּעַר 2 Samuel 18:12 have a care of (read לִי for מִי Greek Version of the LXX and modern); in hostile sense, אֶל הָעִיר (in siege) 2 Samuel 11:16, חַטָאתִי עַל Job 14:16 (but read תַּעֲבֹר with Greek Version of the LXX Ew Di Du and others [not Hi Bu]); absolute with מֵעַל Ecclesiastes 5:7 watcheth above, etc.; keep one's mouth, be prudent of speech † Proverbs 21:33 [Proverbs 21:23 ?], compare Micah 7:5; keep = protect, save, one's life, נֶפֶשׁ Proverbs 13:3; Proverbs 16:17; Proverbs 19:16; Proverbs 22:5, another's Job 2:6; in Proverbs, accusative of person, subject wisdom, Job 4:6 she shall preserve thee, compare (+ מִן of evil) Job 6:24; Job 7:5; especially participle watch, watchman, of city Isaiah 21:11 (twice in verse); Isaiah 21:12; Isaiah 62:5 (figurative), Songs 3:3; Songs 5:7 (twice in verse); Psalm 127:1; הַמֶּלֶף שׁ׳ (in temple) Jeremiah 35:4 + (see סַף), הַמֶּלֶךְ בֵּית פֶּתַח הַשּׁ׳ 1 Kings 14:27 2 Chronicles 12:10, הַשְּׁעָרִים שׁ׳ Nehemiah 13:22, שֹׁמְרֵי הַבַּיִת (figurative) Ecclesiastes 12:3; שׁ׳ הַבַּיִת keep the house (of David's concubines) † 2 Samuel 15:16; 2 Samuel 16:21; 2 Samuel 20:3; שֹׁמֵר הַכֵּלִים 1 Samuel 17:22, הַבְּגָדִים שׁ׳ 2 Kings 22:14, הַפַּרְדֵּם שׁ׳ Nehemiah 2:8, הַנָּשִׁים שׁ׳ Esther 2:3, 14, 15, שֹׁמְרִים absolute Judges 7:19; Jeremiah 51:12.
c. hence watch for, wait for, accusative of person 1 Samuel 19:11 (to kill him), compare Psalm 59:1 (title; accusative הַבַּיִת); with יֲקֵכַי Psalm 56:7 = dog my steps, Psalm 71:10; Jeremiah 20:10; = watch (suspiciously) Job 10:14; Job 13:27; Job 33:11; absolute הַשֹּׁעמרִים Judges 1:24; wait for, נֶשֶׁף Job 24:15, לַבֹּקֶר Psalm 130:6 (twice in verse).
d. watch, observe, accusative of thing 1 Samuel 1:12; Ecclesiastes 11:4; Job 39:1; Jeremiah 8:7 (of birds), with intelligence Isaiah 42:20; Psalm 107:43; accusative of person Psalm 37:37 (|| ראה), Zechariah 11:11; accusative of sin Psalm 31:7; Psalm 130:3; accusative of thing, for the purpose of avoiding, Psalm 17:4.
2.
a. keep, retain, of storing up (food) Genesis 41:35 (E); absolute Ecclesiastes 3:6 (opposed to הִשְׁלִיךְ); treasure up (in memory) Genesis 37:11 (E), compare Malachi 2:7; 1 Chronicles 29:18; Proverbs 4:21 (בְּתוֺךְ לְבָבֶ֑ךְ), Proverbs 22:18 (כְּבִטֱנ֑ךָ); retain wrath Amos 1:11 (read שָׁמֶר לָנֶצַח We Now GASm Marti; see also נָטַר 1) + (anger omitted) Jeremiah 3:5 (|| נטר).
b. keep within bounds, restrain, object שׁוֺר Exodus 21:29, 36 (E); with accusative hand, מִן of evil Isaiah 56:2; figurative keep thy foot, with temporal clause Ecclesiastes 4:17; לְֿפִי מַחְסוֺם אֶשׁ׳ Psalm 39:2 (Greek Version of the LXX Du and others אָשִׁימָה); apparently reflexive (= Niph.), † Joshua 6:18 (+ מִןהַֿחֵרֶס), possibly sc. גַפְשְׁכֶם Di.
3.
a. observe, celebrate, accusative of festival, etc., Exodus 23:15 (E), Exodus 34:18 (J), Exodus 12:17; of day Exodus 12:17 (P), of month Deuteronomy 16:1.
b. keep Sabbath † Deuteronomy 5:12; Leviticus 19:3, 30; Leviticus 26:2 (all H), Exodus 31:13, 14, 16 (P), Isaiah 56:4, also (+ מֵחַלְּלוֺ) Isaiah 56:2; Isaiah 56:6.
c. of other obligations: keep convenant Ezekiel 17:14, especially convenant of י׳ Deuteronomy 29:8; 1 Kings 11:11 + 5 times, שְׁבֻעַת י׳ 1 Kings 2:43, perform vow Deuteronomy 23:24; keep commands Jeremiah 35:18; Ezekiel 20:18; especially מִצָוֺת, תֻקִּים, יֲבֹדָה, etc., of י׳ (sometimes || נצר), Exodus 20:6 = Deuteronomy 5:10; Amos 2:4; 1 Kings 2:3; Psalm 119:8; Psalm 119:17; Psalm 119:34 + very often (about + 120 times); דֶּרֶח י׳ שׁ׳ Genesis 18:19 (J) + 4 times, דַּרְכֵי י׳ 2 Samuel 22:22 = Psalm 18:22, י׳ ד׳ omitted Judges 2:22b; אָרְחוֺת צַדַּיקִים שׁ׳ Proverbs 2:20 (|| תֵּלֵח תְּלֵח בְּדֶרֶח טוֺבֹים), שׁ׳ דְּרָכַי (ways of wisdom) Proverbs 8:32 (Psalm 17:4 see 1d); keep discharge an office, כְּהֻנָּה Numbers 3:10; Numbers 18:7 (both P), absolute 2 Chronicles 5:11; a function or duty, especially מִשְׁמֶרֶת שׁ׳ Leviticus 8:35; Numbers 1:53 + approximately + 32 times (see מ׳ below); accusative of obligation often omitted, especially D (and RD) keep and do Deuteronomy 4:6; Deuteronomy 7:12 + 8 times; to do Deuteronomy 5:1, 29 + 16 times D + 3 times, etc.
d. observe = follow dictates of (prudence, justice, kindness, wisdom) Hosea 12:7 (וּמִשְׁפָּט חֶסֶד), Isaiah 56:1; Proverbs 4:4; Proverbs 5:2; Proverbs 7:1, 2; bad sense, observe vanities Psalm 31:7. — Doubtful are: לִשְׁמֹר absolute Hosea 4:10, very strange (conjectures in We Now Marti); שָׁמוּר 1 Samuel 9:24, HPS אֵחַרְנוּ, compare Now BuComm.; Psalm 59:10 read עֻוִּי אֵלֶיךָ אֲזַמֵּ֑רָה (as Psalm 59:18, Syriac Version Che Bae).
4. sometimes י׳ subject:
a. keep, preserve, protect, accusative of person, + ב of way, etc., Genesis 28:15, 20 (J), Exodus 23:20 (E; of מַלְאָח), Psalm 91:11 (מ׳), Joshua 24:17 (E); accusative of person (or נפשׁ) only: 1 Samuel 30:23; Jeremiah 31:9; Numbers 6:24 (P), Job 29:2; Psalm 16:1 + 10 times Psalms; + מִן Psalm 121:7 + 2 times; accusative רַהְּלַי 1 Samuel 2:9, compare Proverbs 3:26 (מִן); Participle שֹׁמְרֶ֑ךָ Psalm 121:3; Psalm 121:5, compare Psalm 121:4, etc.; accusative of city Psalm 127:1.
b. with accusative בְּרִית, ל person Deuteronomy 7:12, + חֶסֶד Deuteronomy 7:7 + 5 times, אֱמֶת לְעוֺלָם הַשּׁ׳ Psalm 146:6; הַשְּׁבֻעָה Deuteronomy 7:8, etc.; passive of covenant (י׳ agent) עֲרוּכָה בַכֹּל וּשְׁמֻרָה 2 Samuel 23:5 (legal terminology, Dr).
5. keep, reserve, weeks of harvest Jeremiah 5:24 (ל person).
Niph.36 Perfect 3rd person masculine singular נִשְׁמַד 2 Samuel 20:10, etc.; Imperfect 3rd person feminine singular תִּשָּׁמֵד Judges 13:13; 2nd person masculine plural תִּשָּׁמַ֑רוּ Exodus 23:13; Imperative masculine singular תִּשָּׁמֵד Isaiah 7:4 (לְךָ) הִשָּׁ֫מֶר Genesis 24:6 +; feminine singular הִשָּֽׁמְרִי Judges 13:4, etc.; —
1. be on one's guard, with בַּחֶרֶב 2 Samuel 20:10 by reason of the sword, i.e. against it; with ב temporal 1 Samuel 19:2, שָׁם 2 Kings 6:10; take heed Exodus 23:13 (E) Deuteronomy 2:4; with מִן person Exodus 23:21 (E), Jeremiah 9:3; מִן of thing Judges 13:13; Deuteronomy 23:10; מִן infinitive take care not to, etc. Genesis 31:29 (E), 2 Kings 6:9; infinitive without מִן Exodus 19:12 (J), but read probably מֵעֲלוֺת; followed by פֶּן lest Genesis 24:6 (J) + 11 times (especially Deuteronomy); with (וְ)אַל jussive Exodus 10:23 (J), Judges 13:4; Job 36:21, with Imperative coordinate Isaiah 7:4. — Very often Imperative (24 times), especially in phrase הִשָּׁמֶרלְֿךָ (12 times), הִשָּֽׁטְרוּ לָכֶם (3 times); + לְנַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶם Deuteronomy 4:15; Joshua 23:11 (RD; + infinitive); + בְּנַפ׳ Jeremiah 17:21 apparently ב pret. on peril of your life (compare ב III. 3 a), so perhaps also בְּרוּחֲכֶם Malachi 2:15, 16 (We Now).
†2. keep oneself, refrain, abstain, מֵאִשָּׁה 1 Samuel 21:5.
†3. be kept, guarded, Hosea 12:14 (compare שׁ׳ of Jacob Hosea 12:13); be preserved (by י׳) Psalm 37:28 (לִיוֺלָם), but read probably עַוָּלִים (לְעוֺלָם) נִשְׁמָ֑דוּ Hup-Ri (Now) Che Bae Du Dr.
† Pi. Participle plural מְשַׁמְּרִים הַבְלֵישָֿׁוְא Jonah 2:9 those paying regard to false vanities (compare Qal Psalm 31:7).
† Hithp. Imperfect 1st person singular וָאֶשְׁתַּסֵּר מֵעֲוֺנַי Psalm 18:24 I kept myself from, etc. = 2 Samuel 22:24 (verb cohortative); 3rd person masculine singular וְיִשְׁתַּמֵּר חֻקּוֺת עָמְרִי Micah 6:16, but read וְתִשְׁמֹר thou keepest, observest, We Now GASm.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
Copyright © 2002, 2003, 2006 by Biblesoft, Inc.
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BLB Scripture Index of Brown-Driver-Briggs

Genesis

2:15; 2:15; 3:24; 3:24; 4:9; 18:19; 24:6; 24:6; 28:15; 28:20; 30:31; 31:29; 37:11; 37:11; 41:35

Exodus

10:23; 12:17; 12:17; 19:12; 20:6; 21:29; 21:29; 21:36; 21:36; 22:6; 22:9; 23:13; 23:13; 23:15; 23:20; 23:21; 31:13; 31:14; 31:16; 34:18

Leviticus

8:35; 19:3; 19:30; 26:2

Numbers

1:53; 3:8; 3:10; 6:24; 18:7

Deuteronomy

2:4; 4:6; 4:15; 5:1; 5:10; 5:12; 5:12; 5:29; 7:7; 7:8; 7:12; 7:12; 16:1; 23:10; 23:24; 29:8

Joshua

6:18; 6:18; 10:18; 23:11; 24:17

Judges

1:24; 2:22; 7:19; 13:4; 13:4; 13:13; 13:13

1 Samuel

1:12; 1:12; 2:9; 2:9; 7:1; 9:24; 9:24; 17:20; 17:22; 17:22; 19:2; 19:11; 21:5; 25:31; 26:15; 30:23

2 Samuel

11:16; 15:16; 16:21; 18:12; 20:3; 20:10; 20:10; 22:22; 22:24; 23:5

1 Kings

2:3; 2:43; 11:11; 14:27; 20:39

2 Kings

6:9; 6:10; 22:14; 22:14

1 Chronicles

29:18; 29:18

2 Chronicles

5:11; 12:10; 34:22

Nehemiah

2:8; 13:22

Esther

2:3; 2:3; 2:8; 2:14; 2:14; 2:15; 2:15

Job

2:6; 2:6; 4:6; 6:24; 7:5; 10:14; 13:27; 14:16; 24:15; 29:2; 33:11; 36:21; 39:1

Psalms

16:1; 17:4; 17:4; 18:22; 18:24; 31:7; 31:7; 31:7; 37:28; 37:37; 39:2; 56:7; 59:1; 59:10; 59:10; 59:16; 71:10; 91:11; 107:43; 119:8; 119:17; 119:34; 121:3; 121:4; 121:5; 121:7; 127:1; 127:1; 130:3; 130:6; 146:6

Proverbs

2:20; 3:26; 4:4; 4:21; 5:2; 6:22; 7:1; 7:2; 8:32; 13:3; 14:3; 16:17; 19:16; 21:23; 22:5; 22:18

Ecclesiastes

3:6; 5:7; 5:12; 11:4; 12:3

Song of Songs

3:3; 5:7

Isaiah

7:4; 7:4; 21:11; 21:12; 42:20; 56:1; 56:2; 56:2; 56:4; 56:6; 62:5

Jeremiah

3:5; 5:24; 5:24; 8:7; 9:3; 17:21; 20:10; 31:9; 35:4; 35:18; 51:12

Ezekiel

17:14; 20:18

Hosea

4:10; 12:7; 12:13; 12:13; 12:14

Amos

1:11; 2:4

Jonah

2:9

Micah

6:16; 7:5

Zechariah

3:7; 11:11

Malachi

2:7; 2:15; 2:16

H8104

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Word / Phrase / Strong's Search

Strong's Number H8104 matches the Hebrew שָׁמַר (šāmar),
which occurs 12 times in 11 verses in 'Neh' in the WLC Hebrew.

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Unchecked Copy Box Neh 1:5

Unchecked Copy BoxNeh 1:5 - And said, I beseech thee, O LORD God of heaven, the great and terrible God, that keepeth H8104 covenant and mercy for them that love him and observe H8104 his commandments:

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Unchecked Copy Box Neh 1:7

Unchecked Copy BoxNeh 1:7 - We have dealt very corruptly against thee, and have not kept H8104 the commandments, nor the statutes, nor the judgments, which thou commandedst thy servant Moses.

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Unchecked Copy Box Neh 1:9

Unchecked Copy BoxNeh 1:9 - But if ye turn unto me, and keep H8104 my commandments, and do them; though there were of you cast out unto the uttermost part of the heaven, yet will I gather them from thence, and will bring them unto the place that I have chosen to set my name there.

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Unchecked Copy Box Neh 2:8

Unchecked Copy BoxNeh 2:8 - And a letter unto Asaph the keeper H8104 of the king's forest, that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the palace which appertained to the house, and for the wall of the city, and for the house that I shall enter into. And the king granted me, according to the good hand of my God upon me.

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Unchecked Copy Box Neh 3:29

Unchecked Copy BoxNeh 3:29 - After them repaired Zadok the son of Immer over against his house. After him repaired also Shemaiah the son of Shechaniah, the keeper H8104 of the east gate.

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Unchecked Copy Box Neh 9:32

Unchecked Copy BoxNeh 9:32 - Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the terrible God, who keepest H8104 covenant and mercy, let not all the trouble seem little before thee, that hath come upon us, on our kings, on our princes, and on our priests, and on our prophets, and on our fathers, and on all thy people, since the time of the kings of Assyria unto this day.

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Unchecked Copy Box Neh 10:29

Unchecked Copy BoxNeh 10:29 - They clave to their brethren, their nobles, and entered into a curse, and into an oath, to walk in God's law, which was given by Moses the servant of God, and to observe H8104 and do all the commandments of the LORD our Lord, and his judgments and his statutes;

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Unchecked Copy Box Neh 11:19

Unchecked Copy BoxNeh 11:19 - Moreover the porters, Akkub, Talmon, and their brethren that kept H8104 the gates, were an hundred seventy and two.

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Unchecked Copy Box Neh 12:25

Unchecked Copy BoxNeh 12:25 - Mattaniah, and Bakbukiah, Obadiah, Meshullam, Talmon, Akkub, were porters keeping H8104 the ward at the thresholds of the gates.

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Unchecked Copy Box Neh 12:45

Unchecked Copy BoxNeh 12:45 - And both the singers and the porters kept H8104 the ward of their God, and the ward of the purification, according to the commandment of David, and of Solomon his son.

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Unchecked Copy Box Neh 13:22

Unchecked Copy BoxNeh 13:22 - And I commanded the Levites that they should cleanse themselves, and that they should come and keep H8104 the gates, to sanctify the sabbath day. Remember me, O my God, concerning this also, and spare me according to the greatness of thy mercy.
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