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TWOT Reference: 2085
to be hard, be severe, be fierce, be harsh
(Qal)
to be hard, be difficult
to be hard, be severe
(Niphal)
to be ill-treated
to be hard pressed
(Piel) to have severe labour (of women)
(Hiphil)
to make difficult, make difficulty
to make severe, make burdensome
to make hard, make stiff, make stubborn
of obstinacy (fig)
to show stubbornness
Strong's Number H7185 matches the Hebrew קָשָׁה (qāšâ),
which occurs 28 times in 28 verses
in the WLC Hebrew.
They set out from Bethel. When they were still some distance from Ephrath, Rachel began to give birth, and her labor was difficult.
During her difficult labor, the midwife said to her, “Don’t be afraid, for you have another son.”
“Their anger is cursed, for it is strong,
and their fury, for it is cruel!
I will disperse them throughout Jacob
and scatter them throughout Israel.
“But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart and multiply my signs and wonders in the land of Egypt.
“When Pharaoh stubbornly refused to let us go, the LORD killed every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, both the firstborn of humans and the firstborn of livestock. That is why I sacrifice to the LORD all the firstborn of the womb that are males, but I redeem all the firstborn of my sons.’
“Do not show partiality when deciding a case; listen to small and great alike. Do not be intimidated by anyone, for judgment belongs to God. Bring me any case too difficult for you, and I will hear it.
“But King Sihon of Heshbon would not let us travel through his land, for the LORD your God had made his spirit stubborn and his heart obstinate in order to hand him over to you, as has now taken place.
“Do not regard it as a hardship[fn] when you set him free, because he worked for you six years — worth twice the wages of a hired worker. Then the LORD your God will bless you in everything you do.
When the people of Ashdod saw what was happening, they said, “The ark of Israel’s God must not stay here with us, because his hand is strongly against us and our god Dagon.”
The men of Israel answered the men of Judah, “We have ten shares in the king, so we have a greater claim to David than you. Why then do you despise us? Weren’t we the first to speak of restoring our king? ” But the words of the men of Judah were harsher than those of the men of Israel.
“Your father made our yoke harsh. You, therefore, lighten your father’s harsh service and the heavy yoke he put on us, and we will serve you.”
Elijah replied, “You have asked for something difficult. If you see me being taken from you, you will have it. If not, you won’t.”
But they would not listen. Instead they became obstinate like[fn] their ancestors who did not believe the LORD their God.
“Your father made our yoke harsh. Therefore, lighten your father’s harsh service and the heavy yoke he put on us, and we will serve you.”
He also rebelled against King Nebuchadnezzar who had made him swear allegiance by God. He became obstinate[fn] and hardened his heart against returning to the LORD, the God of Israel.
But our ancestors acted arrogantly;
they became stiff-necked and did not listen to your commands.
They refused to listen
and did not remember your wonders
you performed among them.
They became stiff-necked and appointed a leader
to return to their slavery in Egypt.[fn]
But you are a forgiving God,
gracious and compassionate,
slow to anger and abounding in faithful love,
and you did not abandon them.
You warned them to turn back to your law,
but they acted arrogantly
and would not obey your commands.
They sinned against your ordinances,
which a person will live by if he does them.
They stubbornly resisted,[fn]
stiffened their necks, and would not obey.
Happy is the one who is always reverent,
but one who hardens his heart falls into trouble.
One who becomes stiff-necked,
after many reprimands
will be shattered instantly —
beyond recovery.
They will wander through the land, dejected and hungry. When they are famished, they will become enraged, and, looking upward, will curse their king and their God.
“However, my people wouldn’t listen to me or pay attention but became obstinate; they did more evil than their ancestors.
“They wouldn’t listen or pay attention but became obstinate, not listening or accepting discipline.
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(
) be hard, dry, III. endure, struggle against, severity; Aramaic 
be hard, difficult; Jewish-Aramaic 
