יָד 1604 noun feminineGenesis 25:26 + often (
masculine †
Exodus 17:12† see Di; on
יָדַיִם יִרְפּוּ 2 Samuel 4:1;
Zephaniah 3:16;
2 Chronicles 15:7;
Nehemiah 6:9, see Ges
§ 145, 7 a, R. 1)
hand (Late Hebrew
id.; Aramaic
יְדָא,
AxRYA; Zinjirli
יד DHM
Sendsch.Gloss; Arabic
يَدً; Sabean
יד DHM
ZMG 1883, 343 Mordt
ib. 1879, 492; Ethiopic
እድ፡: (see Lag
BN 22); Samaritan
DA; Assyrian
îdu,
strength COT
Gloss; — derived by most from √
לי֞, on ground of plural and suffix forms in cognate languages, see especially Philippi
ZMG 1878, 74 Ba
ZMG 1887, 637 but no trace of final
י or
ו in Hebrew, and meaning of such √
לי֞ not clear; Thes and others from
ידה extend, throw, but this in Arabic Ethiopic
פו֞, not
פי֞, compare Hebrew Hiph.; Philippi compare Arabic
يَدَى IV.
strengthen; — Sta
§ 182, 183 regards
יד as biliteral) — absolute
יָד Genesis 38:28 +; construct
יַד Genesis 41:35 +; suffix
יָדִי Genesis 14:22 +;
יָֽֽֽדְךָ Genesis 22:12 +
יָֽֽֽדְכָה Exodus 13:16;
יֶדְכֶם Genesis 9:2 +;
יֶדְכֶן Ezekiel 13:21 (twice in verse);
Ezekiel 13:23, etc.; dual
יָדַיִם Genesis 34:21 +; construct
יְדֵי Genesis 24:30 +
וִידֵי Exodus 15:17 +, etc.; feminine plural (in figurative senses) absolute
יָדוֺת Genesis 43:24 +
8 times;
יָדֹת Genesis 47:24 +
2 times; construct
וִידוֺת 1 Kings 7:32; suffix
יְדֹתָיו Exodus 26:19 (twice in verse) +
2 times; cstr
יְדֹתֶיהָ 1 Kings 7:35,
1 Kings 7:36;
יְדוֺתָם 1 Kings 7:33; —
a. right hand יַדיְֿמִינ (וֺׅ Genesis 48:17 (JE),
Judges 7:20;
2 Samuel 20:9;
Jeremiah 22:24;
Ezekiel 39:3;
Psalm 73:23;
Psalm 121:5;
הַיְמָנִית[
ם]
יד Exodus 29:20;
Leviticus 8:23,
Leviticus 8:24;
Leviticus 14:14,
Leviticus 14:17,
Leviticus 14:25,
Leviticus 14:28 (all P); a left-handed man is
אִטֵּר יַדיְֿמִינוֺ Judges 3:15;
Judges 20:16 (see
אטר);
left hand יַד שְׂמאֹל(וֹ) Judges 3:21;
Judges 7:20;
Ezekiel 39:8; both hands of one person are denoted by dual,
יָדַיִם Genesis 27:22;
2 Kings 3:11 + often; occasionally + numeral,
שְׁתֵּי יָדָ֑י Deuteronomy 9:15,
Deuteronomy 9:17, so
Leviticus 16:21 (P); dual also of hands of several persons
Genesis 5:29;
Exodus 29:10,
Exodus 29:15,
Exodus 29:19;
Deuteronomy 31:29;
2 Kings 11:16;
2 Chronicles 23:15;
Ezekiel 21:12 [
Ezekiel 21:7] +; yet sometimes singular of hand of several persons
Genesis 19:16;
Exodus 29:9;
Leviticus 8:24;
Deuteronomy 1:25;
Deuteronomy 17:7 (twice in verse);
Judges 7:20 (twice in verse) +
c.as to
hands in use, note
זְרֹעֵי ידיו Genesis 49:24 arms of his hands, i.e. arms which make his hands serviceable;
מִלֵּא יָדוֺ בַּקֶּשֶׁת 2 Kings 9:24 he filled his hand with the bow, i.e. caused his hand to grasp it, seized it;
הַרְכֵּב יָֽֽֽדְךָ עַלהַֿקֶּשֶׁת 2 Kings 13:16 (twice in verse); especially figurative of consecrating or installing (as priest),
מִלֵּא יַד he filled the hand of any one (perhaps originally
gave the selected portions of animal-sacrifices to, see
Leviticus 8:25 ff, so Di),
installed as priest
Judges 17:5,
Judges 17:12;
1 Kings 13:33 (followed by
וְ subordinate); elsewhere only P and late:
Exodus 28:41 (||
קִדַּשׁ),
Exodus 29:9 also
Exodus 29:29 (||
משׁח),
Exodus 29:33;
קדּשׁ,
Exodus 29:35;
Leviticus 8:33;
2 Chronicles 13:9;
2 Chronicles 16:33 [
2 Chronicles 18:33], followed by infinitive
Leviticus 16:33 (||
משׁח),
Leviticus 21:10 (||
יוּצַק שֶׁמֶן),
Numbers 3:3(||
משׁח);
מִלֵּאתֶם יֶרְכֶם ליהוה 2 Chronicles 29:31 —
י׳, is addressed apparently to the whole congregation (otherwise Be Öttli, and Di
Exodus 32:29); so the same expression
Exodus 32:29; so the same expression
Exodus 32:29 (possibly) and
1 Chronicles 29:5 (certainly) of offering gifts to
י׳;
מִלְאוּ יָד֯ו Ezekiel 43:26 of consecrating the altar (||
כִּמֶּר,
טִהַר);
שָׁלַח יַד לְ Judges 5:26 stretch out hand to, so
ישׁלח אֶלֿ 2 Samuel 6:6 (insert
ידו Vrss [old versions] Dr); hence
מִשְׁלַח יד(כ)ם that to which one puts the hand, figurative, = undertaking,
Deuteronomy 12:7,
Deuteronomy 12:18;
Deuteronomy 15:10;
Deuteronomy 23:21[
Deuteronomy 23:20];
Deuteronomy 28:8,
Deuteronomy 28:20 †;
שׁלח יד also in hostile sense, with
בְּ,
Exodus 22:7 [
Exodus 22:8];
1 Samuel 24:7 [
1 Samuel 24:6];
1 Samuel 24:11 [
1 Samuel 24:10];
1 Samuel 26:11;
Psalm 55:21 [
Psalm 55:20] +; compare
מוֺאָב מִשְׁלוֺחַ יָדָם Isaiah 11:14;
אֶבֶןיָֿד Numbers 35:17 (P)
a stone (
thrown from)
the hand;
כְּלִי עֵץיָֿד Numbers 35:18 a weapon in the hand;
מַקֵּל יָד Ezekiel 39:9 a staff in the hand; idols are
מַעֲשֵׂה יְדֵי וגו׳ Isaiah 2:8 —
מַעֲשֶׂה; man is work of God's hand
Job 14:15.
d. special phrases: kissing with the hand
וַתִּשַּׁק יָדִי לְפִי Job 31:27; (in silence)
יָדִי שַׂמְתִּי לְמוֺ פִי Job 40:4;
Micah 7:16 (
עַל־פֶּה); the creditor is
בַּעַל מַשֵּׁה יָדוֺ Deuteronomy 15:2; the debt
מַשָּׁא כָליָֿד Nehemiah 10:32 [
Nehemiah 10:31];
תְּרוּמַת יֶדְכֶם Deuteronomy 12:6,
Deuteronomy 12:11,
Deuteronomy 12:17 heave-offering of your hand; the hand is placed
תחת יָרֵךְ in taking an oath
Genesis 24:2 (J); lifted (
הרים) to
י׳ Genesis 14:22; so perhaps
יָד עַלכֵּֿס יָהּ Exodus 17:16 (E)
hand on the throne of Yah! (but difficult, see Di VB); often with
׃נשׂא the hand is lifted (
נשׂא) to heaven
Deuteronomy 32:40 (of
י׳'s oath, poem); elsewhere chiefly Ezekiel and P: simply
lift (
נשׂא)
the hand (=
נשׁבע), following, infinitive
Exodus 6:8;
Numbers 14:30 (both P),
Ezekiel 20:28,
Ezekiel 20:42;
Ezekiel 47:14; followed by
לְ person
Ezekiel 20:5 (twice in verse) (strike out Co as gloss); followed by
לְ person + infinitive
Ezekiel 20:6,
Ezekiel 20:15,
Ezekiel 20:23; absolute
Ezekiel 36:7; hence (citations)
Nehemiah 9:15;
Psalm 106:26; compare
Nehemiah 8:6 the people answered
אָמֵן אָמֵן בְּמֹעַל יְדֵיהֶם;
נשׂא יד(יםׅ elsewhere (of men) in prayer
Psalm 28:2; compare
Psalm 68:32 [
Psalm 68:31], and
יָדִי לַיְלָה נִגְּרָה Psalm 77:3 [
Psalm 77:2]. Also of God, to give a signal
Isaiah 49:29 Isaiah 49:22; to rescue
Psalm 10:12.
יְנֹפֵף יָדוֺ Isaiah 10:32 he brandisheth his hand (Assyrian, in defiance);
הֵנִיף יָדוֺ Isaiah 11:15 (of
י׳ in judgment), compare
Isaiah 19:16;
Zechariah 2:13 [
Zechariah 2:9] (followed by
על);
הֵנִיעַ יָדוֺ);
Zephaniah 2:15 (in derision);
הוֺשִׁיעַ ידלְ one's
hand bringing deliverance to, gaining success, by force, for 1 Samuel 25:26 —
1 Samuel 25:31 (
We Dr); the hand is weary
יָגְָֽעָה 2 Samuel 23:10, it cleaves (
דבק) to the sword (
אֶלהַֿחֶרֶב)
2 Samuel 23:10 (both omitted by accident in ||
1 Chronicles 11:13, see VB);
שֶׁכֶר יָד Leviticus 21:9 (H)
fracture of hand = arm (||
שֶׁבֶר רגל); after
נָתַן:
give a pledge וִיִּתְּנוּ יָדָם לְהוֺצִיא נְשֵׁיהֶם Ezra 10:19;
submit נָתַן יַד תַּחַת שְׁלֹמֹה 1 Chronicles 29:24, i.e. they acknowledged him as their lord;
תְּנויָֿד ליהוה;
2 Chronicles 30:8; other phrase with preposition see below
e. of hand as strong, helpful, etc.: —
(1) of man :
עֹצֶם יָדִי Deuteronomy 8:17 (||
כֹּחִי); of fighting power of Edom
בְּיָד חֲזָקָה Numbers 20:20 (J E; ||
בְּעַם כָּבֵד; compare below of God);
קִצְרֵייָֿד small in power 2 Kings 19:26 =
Isaiah 37:27 (compare below of God); Israel went out of Egypt
בְּיָד רָמָה according to P,
Exodus 14:8;
Numbers 33:3 i.e. boldly, defiantly; same phrase of presumptuousness (against
י׳)
Numbers 15:30 (P, compare
יָדֵנוּ רָ֫מָה Deuteronomy 32:27). Phrases of
strengthening are:
חִזַּק יָדָתו Judges 9:24;
Nehemiah 6:9;
חִזֵּק בְּיָדַיִם Ezra 1:6;
החזיק בְּיַדֿ Job 8:20 (see
חזק);
לִהְיוֺת יָדָיו אִתּוֺ 2 Kings 15:19 that his hands might be with him, to confirm the kingdom in his hand; note also
מִיהֿוּא לְיָדִי יִתָּקֵעַ Job 17:3 who is he (that)
will strike his hand into mine, i.e. give me a pledge (see below
תקע); strength fails when hands drop:
וַיִּרְפּוּ יָדָיו 2 Samuel 4:1 then his hands dropped down, he grew feeble, spiritless (see
רפה);
רְפֵי יָדַיִם 2 Samuel 17:2 weak-handed, weak (||
יָגֵעַ).
(2) of (mighty) hand of God, pointing to earlier anthropomorphism; as strengthening Joseph
Genesis 49:24 (poem in J); as stretched out (
שׁלח) to smite
Exodus 9:15 (J); so of
מַלְאַךְ י׳ 2 Samuel 24:16, followed by accusative +
לְ infinitive, opposed to
הֶ֫רֶף יָדֶ֑ךָ 2 Samuel 24:16; as smiting (
נָָֽגְעָה בְּ)
1 Samuel 6:9;
Job 19:21; as against (
בְ among, in) cattle, etc.,
Job 19:3 (J); city
1 Samuel 5:9; the murrain
1 Samuel 5:3 (J);
יַדיֿהוה as heavy against (
כבדה אֶל)
1 Samuel 5:6;
שָׁם כָּֽבְדָה 1 Samuel 5:11;
קָֽשְׁתה עַל 1 Samuel 5:7 of withdrawal of
י׳’s chastising hand
תָּסוּר יָדוֺ מִכֶּם 1 Samuel 6:3; and (
י׳ subject)
יָקֵל אֶתיָֿדוֺ מֵעֲלֵיכֶם 1 Samuel 6:5; of
י׳’s power to deliver his people: — †
חֹ֫זֶק יָד Exodus 13:3,
Exodus 13:14,
Exodus 13:16 (all J E)†;
יָד חֲזָקָה Exodus 6:1 (twice in verse) (JE),
Exodus 13:9 (JE),
Deuteronomy 6:21;
Deuteronomy 7:8;
Joshua 4:24 (D); esp: in phrase
(בְּ)יָד חֲזָקָה וּ(בִ)זְרוֺעַ נְטוּיָה Deuteronomy 4:34 + (see
זְרוֺעַ p. 284);
יד חזקה +
כֹּחַ גָּדוֺל Exodus 32:11 (JE),
Nehemiah 1:10;
תִּקְצָ֑ר הֲיַד י׳ Numbers 11:23 (JE)
is the hand of י׳ shortened ?
Isaiah 50:2;
Isaiah 59:1 (both followed by
מִן);
יָד נְטוּיָה in judgment
Isaiah 9:11 [
Isaiah 9:12];
Isaiah 9:16 [
Isaiah 9:17];
Isaiah 9:20 [
Isaiah 9:21];
Isaiah 10:4;
עלי(ו) הָֽיְתָה יַדיֿ׳ of grasp of
י׳'s hand in prophetic inspiration
Ezekiel 1:3;
Ezekiel 3:22;
Ezekiel 37:1;
Ezekiel 40:1;
2 Kings 3:15;
עָלַי חזקה יַדיֿ׳ Ezekiel 3:14; so
בְּחֶזְקַת הַיָּד֑ Isaiah 8:11; of God's (
י׳'s)
good hand = favour, (late)
אלה(יו) טוֺבָה על(יו) יַד Ezra 7:9;
Ezra 8:18;
Nehemiah 2:8,
Nehemiah 2:18; without
טוֺבָה Ezra 7:6,
Ezra 7:28;
Ezra 8:22,
Ezra 8:31; followed by inf,
יַד האלהים לָתֵת לָהֶם 2 Chronicles 30:12;
בְּיָָֽדְךָ לְגַדֵּל 1 Chronicles 29:12; in general
כֹּחַ וּגְבוּרָה בְּיָָֽדְךָ 1 Chronicles 29:12; of protection
בְּצֵל יָדוֺ Isaiah 49:2 in the shadow of his (
י׳'s)
hand.
2. Figurative=
strength, power: —
לָנוּס לֹא הָיָה בָהֶם יָדָיִם Joshua 8:20 (JE)
there was not in them strength to flee;
לֹא מָֽצְאוּ כָלאַֿנְשֵׁיחַֿיִל יְדֵיהֶם Psalm 76:6 [
Psalm 76:5]
none of the men of might have found their hands, i.e. their powers are paralyzed in death (||
נָמוּ שְׁנָתָם); with reference to pecuniary
ability: תַּ גִּיעַ יָדוֺ דֵּי שֶׂה Leviticus 5:7 (on this and others with
דֵּי see
דַּי p. 191);
לִשְׁתֵּי תוֺרִים תַּגִּיעַ יָדוֺ Leviticus 5:11 if
his hand do not
reach to two turtledoves;
אֵין יָדוֺ מַשֶּׂגֶת Leviticus 14:21 if
his hand be unable to reach; so combinations with
נשׂג Hiph.:
Leviticus 14:22;
Leviticus 14:30;
Leviticus 14:31;
Leviticus 14:32;
Numbers 6:21 (all foregoing P),
Leviticus 25:26,
Leviticus 25:47,
Leviticus 25:49;
Leviticus 27:8 (all H),
Ezekiel 46:7;
כְּמִתְּנַת יָדוֺ Deuteronomy 16:17 according to the giving of his hand, i.e. his ability; similarly
מַתַּת יָדוֺ Ezekiel 46:5,
Ezekiel 46:11; on
יֶשׁלְֿאֵל יָדִי Genesis 31:29, etc., see II.
אֵל above; other phrase with preposition see below; of
dominion of king
לְהָשִׁיב יָדוֺ בְּ 2 Samuel 8:3 read probably as ||
1 Chronicles 18:3 לְהַצִּיב יָדוֺ בְּ to establish his dominion at; hand =
display of strength, action of
י׳ Psalm 78:42;
Job 27:11;
Deuteronomy 34:12; especially
הַיָּד הַיָּד הַגְּדֹלָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה י׳ Exodus 14:31 (J) =
the great achievement which י׳ did.
3. Figurative = side:
a. of way
יַד דֶּרֶךְ [
H3197 1 Samuel 4:13] Qr (Kt
יך; but read probably
לְיַד השׁער see Dr.).
b. of gate
בְּעַד יַדהַֿשַּׁעַר 1 Samuel 4:18 (text dubious, see Dr).
e. side =
place, properly
place at one side לְךָ מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה וְיָד תִּהְיֶה Deuteronomy 23:13 [
Deuteronomy 23:12];
אִישׁ אֶתיָֿדוֺ Jeremiah 6:3 each (in) his place; so
כָּלאִֿישׁ עַליָֿדוֺ Numbers 2:17 (P); — see other phrases with preposition below
4. יָד is used in various special, technical senses: —
g. יָד חָזִית Isaiah 57:8 according to Hi De Che Or Brd Du and most =
a phallus thou beholdest; this favoured by context but without support in Hebrew usage; Di
a (beckoning)
hand.
5. יַד with preposition: —
a. אֶליַֿד : —
b. בְּיַד into the hand:
(1) נָתַן בְּיַד give into the hand of, literally,
Genesis 27:17;
(2) into the possession of נָתַן בְּיַד Exodus 10:25 (JE); especially
c. בְּיַד in the hand of:
(2) figurative
in the possession of,
Exodus 21:16 (JE);
נִמְצָא בְּיָדִי 1 Samuel 9:8 there is found in my hand, i.e. I happen to have (1/4 shekel);
d. בְּיַד by the agency or
instrumentality of Genesis 38:20 (J),
Judges 6:36;
1 Samuel 11:7;
1 Samuel 16:20;
2 Samuel 3:18;
2 Samuel 10:2;
2 Samuel 11:4;
2 Samuel 12:25;
2 Kings 14:27 (the original literal sense discernible in some of these); especially of
י׳'s speaking
by the agency of prophets
Exodus 9:35 (R),
Leviticus 8:36;
Leviticus 10:11;
Numbers 4:37,
Numbers 4:45;
Numbers 9:23;
Numbers 10:13;
Numbers 17:5 [
Numbers 16:40];
Joshua 14:2;
Joshua 20:2;
Joshua 21:2,
Joshua 21:8 (all P),
1 Samuel 28:15,
1 Samuel 28:17;
1 Kings 16:7,
1 Kings 16:12,
1 Kings 16:34;
2 Kings 9:36;
2 Kings 17:13,
2 Kings 17:23;
2 Chronicles 1:17;
2 Chronicles 7:6;
2 Chronicles 10:15;
2 Chronicles 33:8;
2 Chronicles 34:14;
2 Chronicles 35:6;
Nehemiah 8:14;
Nehemiah 9:14,
Nehemiah 9:30;
מוּת בְּיַד י׳ Exodus 16:3 (P)
die by the hand of י׳;
בְּיַד by or
at the side of (very rare)
Zechariah 4:12 olive-branches
beside the two golden pipes; =
near to, in time,
נָכוֺן בְּיָדוֺ יוֺם חשֶׁךְ Job 15:23 ready at his hand is a day of darkness (i.e. near
at hand).
g. מִיַּד out of the hand: —
(1) out of power of, often nearly =
מִן, used idomatically with many verbs: with
הִצִּיל Psalm 32:12 (twice in verse) (J),
Exodus 2:19;
Exodus 18:9,
Exodus 18:10 (twice in verse) (all J E),
1 Samuel 17:37;
מִתַּחַת יַד Exodus 18:10 (J E; so with
פשׁע 2 Chronicles 21:8,
2 Chronicles 21:10 (twice in verse); compare
i. below); of animals
מִיַּד 1 Samuel 17:37 (twice in verse),
מִיַּדכֶּֿלֶב Psalm 22:21 [
Psalm 22:20]; even of inanimate things
הִצִּיל מִיַּד לֶהָבָה Isaiah 47:14; with
לָקַח Numbers 21:26 (JE),
1 Kings 11:34,
1 Kings 11:35; with
קָרַע 1 Kings 11:12;
1 Kings 11:31; with
מִלֵּט,
מִיַּד שְׁאוֺל מ׳ Psalm 89:49 [
Psalm 89:48]; with
פָּדָה,
מִיַּד שְׁאוֺל פ׳ Hosea 13:14 (||
מִמָּ֫וֶת),
Psalm 49:16 [
Psalm 49:15];
מִידֵי חֶרֶב פ׳ Job 5:20; pregnantly
מִיּדֶ֑ךָ יִשְׁפְּטֵנִי 1 Samuel 24:16 [
1 Samuel 24:15]
may he (
י׳)
judge (and save)
me out of thy hand;
so 2 Samuel 18:19 and (with
רִיב for
שׁפט)
1 Samuel 25:39;
(2) מִיּד of separation,
מִיָָּֽדְךָ נִגְזָ֑רוּ Psalm 88:6 [
Psalm 88:5] of wicked, cut off from nearness to God;
h. עַל־יד(י)ׅ : —
(1) upon the hand(s) of תְּנָה אֹתוֺ עַליָֿדִי Genesis 42:37 =
entrust him to me (E; literally
put him upon my hand);
חָ֑רֶב יַגִּירֻהוּ עַליְֿדֵיֿ Psalm 63:11 [
Psalm 63:10]
they shall pour him out upon the hands of the sword =
deliver him up to the sword; so
Jeremiah 18:21;
Ezekiel 35:5;
See related Aramaic BDB entry
H3028.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
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BLB Scripture Index of Brown-Driver-Briggs
Verse-Reference
Square — [Jhn 1:1 KJV]
Abbreviate Books
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