† I. [
חָרֵב]
verb be dry, dried up (compare
יָבֵשׁ) (Aramaic
חֲרוֺב be dry,
חוּרְבָּא drought); —
Qal Perfect 3rd person plural חָֽרְבוּ Genesis 8:13 (twice in verse),
Isaiah 19:6;
Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular יֶחֱרַב Hosea 13:15 +
2 times,
וַיֶּחֱרָ֑ב Psalm 106:9;
Imperative feminine singular חֳרָ֑בִי Isaiah 44:27; —
be dry, dried up:
1. of ground, be freed from waters of flood
הָאֳדמָה פְּנֵי ח׳ Genesis 8:13b (J).
Pu. Perfect 3rd person plural לֹא חֹרָ֑בוּ Judges 16:7,
8, of fresh bow-strings (of gut, see Bla).
Hiph. Perfect הֶחֱרִיב Nahum 1:4, of
י׳'s
drying up rivers (||
וַיַּבְּשֵׁהוּ), perhaps also
Isaiah 11:15 (for MT
החרים) see
;
וְהַחֲרַבְתִּ֫י the Euphrates
Jeremiah 51:36 (||
הוֺבַשְׁתִּי);
Imperfect אַחֲרִיב יָם Isaiah 50:2, subject
י׳,
I dry up a sea (||
אָשִׂים נְהָרוֺת מִדְבָּר);
אַחְרִב Isaiah 37:25 =
אַחֲרִב 2 Kings 19:24, of king of Assyria
drying up rivers of Egypt;
Participle feminine singular הַמַּחֲרֶבֶת Isaiah 51:10 of
י׳'s arm
drying up (Red) Sea.
† II. [
חָרֵב]
be waste, desolate (Late Hebrew
חָרֵב id.; Aramaic
חֲרוֺב Bfro be laid waste; Zinjirli
חרב adjective; Arabic
خَرِبَ be in ruins, waste, depopulated; Assyrian
ḫarâbu,
be waste, Dl
Pr 175,
ḫuribtu,
desert, Lotz
TP); —
Qal Imperfect 3rd person feminine singular תֶּחֱרַ֔ב Jeremiah 26:9,
תֶּחֱרָ֔ב Isaiah 34:10;
3rd person masculine plural יֶחֶרְבוּ Ezekiel 6:6,
יֶחֱרָ֑בוּ Amos 7:9;
Isaiah 60:12;
3rd person feminine plural תֶּחֱרַבְנָה Ezekiel 6:6;
Ezekiel 12:20;
Imperative חָרְבוּ (so, not
חָֽרְבוּ — Theile — see van d. H. Hahn Kö
i. 244)
Jeremiah 2:12;
Infinitive absolute חָרֹב Isaiah 60:12; —
be waste, desolate; of sanctuaries of Israel
Amos 7:9 (||
נָשַׁמּוּ), of altars
Ezekiel 6:6; of cities
Jeremiah 26:9;
Ezekiel 6:6;
Ezekiel 12:20 (||
שׁמם); of nations
Isaiah 34:10,
חָרֹב יֶחֱרָ֑בוּ Isaiah 60:12 (||
יאֹבֵדוּ); figurative, in address to the heavens
חָרְבוּ מְאֹד Jeremiah 2:12 — (||
שֹׁמּוּ,
וְשַׂעֲרוּ),
be very desolate (at sins of Israel); others,
be amazed, astounded (on relation of meanings see
שׁמם).
Niph. Participle feminine
נֶחֱרֶבֶת Ezekiel 26:19 as adjective,
desolate city, i.e. uninhabited, see context;
נַחֲרָבוֺת Ezekiel 30:17 of
desolate countries (||
נָשַׁמּוּ).
Hiph. Perfect הֶחֱרִיב Ezekiel 19:17;
1st person singular הֶחֱרַבְתִּי Zephaniah 3:6;
3rd person plural הֶחֱרִיבוּ Isaiah 37:18;
2 Kings 19:17;
Imperfect 1st person singular אַחֲרִיב Isaiah 42:15;
Participle מַחֲרִיב Judges 16:24; plural with suffix
מַחֲרִיבַיִךְ Isaiah 49:17; —
lay waste, make desolate, human subject; nations and lands
Isaiah 37:18 =
2 Kings 19:17;
Isaiah 42:15, compare participle
Isaiah 49:17 (||
מְהָֽרְסַיִךְ); add probably with We
Amos 4:9 (
הֶחֱרַבְתִּי for the untranslateable
הַרְבּוֺת)
I have devastated your gardens and vineyards; participle
Judges 16:24 desolater of our country (||
הִרְבָּה אֶתחֲֿלָלֵנ֑וּ); object cities
Ezekiel 19:7; streets
Zephaniah 3:6 (||
נָשַׁמּוּ).
Hoph. Perfect 3rd person feminine singular הָחֳרָ֑בָה Ezekiel 26:2 she is laid waste, of a city;
Participle מָחֳרָבוֺת Ezekiel 29:12 laid waste, of cities (||
שׁמם).
See related Aramaic BDB entry
H2718.
† III. [
חָרַב]
verb (Aramaic and rare)
attack, smite down (compare Arabic
حَرَبَ plunder, III.
wage war with, VI.
fight together,
حَرْبً war, battle; Syriac
Bfro smite, slay) —
Qal Imperative masculine singular
חֲרֹב Jeremiah 50:21 attack (+
וְהַחֲרֵם אַחֲרֵיהֶם); masculine plural
חִרְבוּ Jeremiah 50:27 object
כָּל־פָּרֶיהָ, figurative of men of Babylon.
Niph. Perfect 3rd person plural נֶחֶרְבוּ המלכים (see
Hoph.)
הָחֳרֵב 2 Kings 3:23 the kings have attacked one another, fought together (||
וַיַּכּוּ אִישׁ אֶתרֵֿעֵהוּ).
Hoph. Infinitive absolute 2 Kings 3:23, see
Niph., but read perhaps
הֵחָרֵב, compare Dr
Leviticus 19:20, note.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
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