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הָפַךְ verb turn, overturn (Late Hebrew
id., Aramaic
הֲפַךְ,
Kfph, Arabic
أَفَكَ W
SG 47, Assyrian
abâku, apâku Dl
W) —
Qal Perfect Leviticus 13:3 +
13 times;
וְהָפַךְ consecutive
2 Kings 21:13;
Job 34:25;
3rd person masculine plural הָֽפְכוּ Psalm 78:9;
הֲפַכְתֶּם Amos 6:12;
Jeremiah 23:36, etc.;
Imperfect יַהֲפֹךְ Lamentations 3:3;
Jeremiah 13:23;
וַיַּהֲפֹךְ Genesis 19:25 +
6 times;
וַיַּהֲפָךְֿ 1 Samuel 10:9; suffix
וַיַּהַפְכֵהוּ Judges 7:13;
3rd person feminine singular וַתַּהֲפֹךְ 2 Chronicles 9:12;
אֶהְפֹּךְ Zephaniah 3:9;
וַיַּהַפְכוּ 1 Samuel 25:12;
Job 12:15;
Imperative הֲפֹךְ 1 Kings 22:34 2 Chronicles 18:33;
Infinitive absolute הָפוֺךְ Proverbs 12:7;
construct הֲפֹךְ Genesis 19:29;
1 Chronicles 19:3; suffix
הָפְכִּי Genesis 19:21;
הָפְכָהּ 2 Samuel 10:3; — on
הַפְכְּכֶם (so Baer, which see)
Isaiah 29:16, see
הֶפֶךְ;
Participle active הֹפֵךְ Amos 5:8;
הַהֹפְכִי Psalm 114:8; plural
הַהֹפְכִים Amos 5:7;
passive הֲפוּכָה Hosea 7:8;
Lamentations 4:6. —
1. transitive
b. overturn, overthrow, followed by accusative Sodom, etc.,
Genesis 19:21,
25,
29 (J),
Deuteronomy 29:22;
Jeremiah 20:16;
Lamentations 4:6 (compare
וגו׳ מַהְפֵּכַת Amos 4:11 see below; also
הֲפֵכָה, [
מַהְמֵּכָה]); city of Ammon
2 Samuel 10:3 =
1 Chronicles 19:3 (object omitted); mountains
Job 9:5;
Job 28:9; throne
Haggai 2:22 (||
הִשְׁמִיד), chariots
Haggai 2:22; tent (
אֹהֶל),
לְמַ֫עְלָה ה׳ Judges 7:3; object earth (
ה׳ =
devastate)
Job 12:15; wicked men
Amos 4:11 (
וְאֶת־ אֶת־סְדֹס אֱלֹהִים כְּמַהְפֵּכַת בָּכֶם הָפַכְּתִּי יֲמֹרָה)
Proverbs 12:7;
Job 34:25 (object omitted).
c. turn = change, transform
(1) followed by accusative =
alter; a colour (
עֵינוֺ)
Leviticus 13:55 (P); skin Jeremiah 13:33; bed (
מִשְׁכָּבוֺ see
מ׳; Che
his lying down)
Psalm 41:4 i.e. restore to health;
(3) followed by accusative with Infinitive
Psalm 105:25 he turned their heart to hate his people;
2. intransitive
b. turn = change, change into, followed by predicate adjective
לָבָן ה׳ turn white
Leviticus 13:3,
4,
13,
20 (all P).
Niph. Perfect נֶהְפַּךְ Exodus 7:15 +
10 times;
נֶהְפָּ֑ךְ Job 20:14;
וְנֶהְפַּךְ consecutive
Leviticus 13:16;
נֶהֶפְכָה Lamentations 5:2;
3rd person masculine plural נֶהְפְּכוּ Job 19:19 +
3 times,
נֶהֶפְכוּ 1 Samuel 4:19;
Daniel 10:16,
וְנֶהֶפְכוּ consecutive
Exodus 7:17;
Isaiah 34:9, etc.;
Imperfect יֵהָפֵךְ Isaiah 60:5;
Joel 3:4;
וַיֵּהָפֵךְ Exodus 14:5;
Isaiah 63:10;
2nd person masculine singular תֵּהָפֵךְ Job 30:21;
Ezekiel 4:8;
וַיֵּהָֽפְכוּ Exodus 7:20;
Infinitive absolute נַהֲפוֺךְ Esther 9:1;
Participle נֶהְפָּךְ Proverbs 17:20;
נֶהְפָּ֑כֶת Jonah 3:4; —
1. reflexive & intransitive.
c. be perverse, only participle used substantive
בִּלְשׁוֹנוֹ נֶהפָּךְ Proverbs 17:20 he that is perverse with his tongue.
2. passive,
a. be turned, turned over to followed by
לְ, an inheritance to strangers
Lamentations 5:2.
d. be overturned, overthrown, of city Nineveh
Jonah 3:4.
e. be upturned, of subterran. work of miners
Job 28:5 =
there is an upturning.
Hithp. Imperfect 3rd person feminine singular תִּתְהַפֵּךְ Job 38:14;
Participle מִתְהַפֵּךְ Judges 7:13;
Job 37:12;
מִתְהַפֶּכֶת Genesis 3:24; — reflexive & intransitive:
1. turn this way &
that, every way, of the flaming sword
Genesis 3:24 (J); storm-cloud
Job 37:12;
turn over & over Judges 7:13, of bread-cake tumbling into the host of Midian.
2. transform oneself,
Job 38:14 of earth under rising dawn.
Hoph. Perfect בַּלָּהוֺת עָלַי הָהְפַּךְ Job 30:15 there have been turned upon me terrors (compare
הִתְגַּלְגָּ֑לוּ Job 30:14, of foes).
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
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BLB Scripture Index of Brown-Driver-Briggs