Lexicon :: Strong's G3778 - houtos

οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο, demonstrative pronoun (cf. Curtius, p. 543), Hebrew זֶה, זֹאת, this; used:
I. absolutely.
1.
a. this one, visibly present here: Matthew 3:17; Matthew 17:5; Mark 9:7; Luke 7:44; Luke 9:35; 2 Peter 1:17. Matthew 9:3; Matthew 21:38; Mark 14:69; Luke 2:34; Luke 23:2; John 1:15, 30; John 7:25; John 9:8f, 19; John 18:21, 30; John 21:21; Acts 2:15; Acts 4:10; Acts 9:21; according to the nature and character of the person or thing mentioned, it is used with a suggestion — either of contempt, as Matthew 13:55; Mark 6:2; Luke 5:21; Luke 7:39, 49; John 6:42, 52; John 7:15; or of admiration, Matthew 21:11; Acts 9:21; cf. Wahl, Clavis apocryphor. V. T., p. 370.
b. it refers to a subject immediately preceding, the one just named: Luke 1:32; Luke 2:37 (R G L); John 1:2; John 6:71; 2 Timothy 3:6, 8, etc.; at the beginning of a narrative about one already mentioned, Matthew 3:3; Luke 16:1; John 1:41 (John 1:42); John 3:2; 12:21; 21:21; Acts 7:19; Acts 21:24. this one just mentioned and no other: John 9:9; Acts 4:10 (ἐν τούτῳ); Acts 9:20; 1 John 5:6; such as I have just described, 2 Timothy 3:5; 2 Peter 2:17. καί οὗτος, this one just mentioned also, i. e. as well as the rest, Luke 20:30 R G L; Hebrews 8:3. καί τοῦτον, and him too, and him indeed, 1 Corinthians 2:2.
c. it refers to the leading subject of a sentence although in position more remote (Winers Grammar, § 23, 1; (Buttmann, § 127, 3)): Acts 4:11; Acts 7:19; Acts 8:26 (on which see Γάζα under the end); 1 John 5:20 (where οὗτος is referred by (many) orthodox interpreters incorrectly ((see Alford at the passage; Winers Grammar, and Buttmanns Grammar, the passages cited)) to the immediately preceding subject, Christ); 2 John 1:7.
d. it refers to what follows; οὗτος, αὕτη ἐστι, in this appears... that etc.; on this depends... that etc.: followed by ὅτι, as αὕτη ἐστιν ἡ ἐπαγγελία, ὅτι, 1 John 1:5; add, 1 John 5:11,14; — by ἵνα, John 15:12; 1 John 3:11, 23; 1 John 5:3; 2 John 1:6; τοῦτο ἐστι τό ἔργον, τό θέλημα τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἵνα, John 6:29, 39f.
e. it serves to repeat the subject with emphasis: οὐ πάντες οἱ ἐξ Ἰσραήλ, οὗτοι Ἰσραήλ, Romans 9:6; add, Rom. 9:8; Romans 2:14 (L marginal reading οἱ τοιοῦτοι); Romans 7:10; Galatians 3:7; it refers, not without special force, to a description given by a participle or by the relative ὅς, ὅστις; which description either follows, as Mark 4:16, 18; Luke 8:15, 21; Luke 9:9; John 11:37; followed by a relative sentence, John 1:15; 1 Peter 5:12; — or precedes: in the form of a participle, Matthew 10:22; Matthew 13:20, 22; Matthew 24:13; Matthew 26:23; Mark 12:40; Luke 9:48 (ὁ... ὑπάρχων, οὗτος); John 6:46; John 7:18; John 15:5; 2 John 1:9; Acts 17:7; (and R G in Revelation 3:5); or of the relative ὅς, Matthew 5:19; Mark 3:35; Luke 9:24, 26; John 1:33 (here L marginal reading αὐτός); John 3:26; 5:38; Romans 8:30; 1 Corinthians 7:20; Hebrews 13:11; 1 John 2:5; 2 Peter 2:19; in the neuter, John 8:26; Romans 7:16; 1 Corinthians 7:24; Philippians 4:9; 2 Timothy 2:2; or of a preceding ὅστις, Matthew 18:4; in the neuter Philippians 3:7. ὅσοι... οὗτοι, Romans 8:14; Galatians 6:12; also preceded by εἰ τίς, 1 Corinthians 3:17 (here Lachmann αὐτός); 1 Corinthians 8:3; James 1:23; James 3:2; by ἐάν τίς, John 9:31; cf. Winers Grammar, § 23, 4.
f. with αὐτός annexed, this man himself, Acts 25:25; plural these themselves, Acts 24:15, 20; on the neuter see below, 2 a. b. etc.
g. As the relative and interrogative pronoun so also the demonstrative, when it is the subject, conforms in gender and number to the noun in the predicate: οὗτοι εἰσιν οἱ υἱοί τῆς βασιλείας, Matthew 13:38; add, Mark 4:15f, 18; αὕτη ἐστιν ἡ μεγάλη ἐντολή, Matthew 22:38; οὗτος ἐστιν ὁ πλάνος (German diese sind), 2 John 1:7.
2. The neuter τοῦτο
a. refers to what precedes: Luke 5:6; John 6:61; Acts 19:17; τοῦτο εἰπών, and the like, Luke 24:40 (T omits; Tr brackets WH reject the verse); John 4:18; John 8:6; John 12:33; John 18:38; διά τοῦτο, see διά, B. II. 2 a.; εἰς τοῦτο, see εἰς, B. II. 3 c. β.; αὐτό τοῦτο, for this very cause, 2 Peter 1:5 (Lachmann αὐτοί); cf. Matthiae, § 470, 7; Passow, under the word, C. 1 a. at the end (Liddell and Scott, under the word, C. IX. 1 at the end; Winer's Grammar, § 21, 3 note 2; Kühner, § 410 Anm. 6); μετά τοῦτο, see μετά, II. 2 b. ἐκ τούτου, for this reason (see ἐκ, II. 8), John 6:66; John 19:12; from this, i. e. hereby, by this note, 1 John 4:6 (cf. Westcott at the passage). ἐν τούτῳ, for this cause, John 16:30; Acts 24:16; hereby, by this token, 1 John 3:19. ἐπί τούτῳ, in the meanwhile, while this was going on (but see ἐπί, B. 2 e., at the end, p. 234a), John 4:27. τούτου χάριν, Ephesians 3:14. plural ταῦτα, John 7:4 (these so great, so wonderful, things); μετά ταῦτα, see μετά, II. 2 b. κατά ταῦτα, in this same manner, Rec. in Luke 6:23, and Luke 17:30 (others, τά αὐτά or ταῦτα). it refers to the substance of the preceding discourse: Luke 8:8; Luke 11:27; Luke 24:26; John 5:34; John 15:11; John 21:24, and very often. καθώς... ταῦτα, John 8:28.
b. it prepares the reader or hearer and renders him attentive to what follows, which tires gets special weight (Winer's Grammar, § 23, 5): 1 John 4:2; αὐτό τοῦτο ὅτι, Philippians 1:6; τοῦτο λέγω followed by direct discourse, Galatians 3:17 (see λέγω, II. 2 d.). it is prefixed to sentences introduced by the particles ὅτι, ἵνα, etc.: τοῦτο λέγω or φημί followed by ὅτι, 1 Corinthians 1:12 ((see λέγω as above); 1 Corinthians 7:29); 1 Corinthians 15:50; γινώσκεις τοῦτο followed by ὅτι, Romans 6:6; 2 Timothy 3:1; 2 Peter 1:20; 2 Peter 3:3; λογίζεσθαι τοῦτο ὅτι, Romans 2:3; after ὁμολογεῖν, Acts 24:14; after εἰδώς, 1 Timothy 1:9; ἐν τούτῳ ὅτι, 1 John 3:16, 24; 1 John 4:9f; τοῦτο, ἵνα, Luke 1:43; εἰς τοῦτο, ἵνα, Acts 9:21; Romans 14:9; 2 Corinthians 2:9; 1 Peter 3:9; 1 Peter 4:6; 1 John 3:8; διά τοῦτο, ἵνα, 2 Corinthians 13:10; 1 Timothy 1:16; Philemon 1:15; τούτων (on this neuter plural referring to a single object see Winers Grammar, 162 (153); (cf. Riddell, Platonic Idioms, § 41)), ἵνα, 3 John 1:4; ἐν τούτῳ, ἐάν, 1 John 2:3; ὅταν, 1 John 5:2; τοῦτο αὐτό, ἵνα, on this very account, that (see a. above (but others take it here as the accusative of object; see Meyer at the passage (for instances of αὐτό τοῦτο see Buttmann, § 127, 12))), 2 Corinthians 2:3; εἰς αὐτό τοῦτο, ἵνα, Ephesians 6:22; Colossians 4:8; ὅπως, Romans 9:17. In the same manner τοῦτο is put before an infinitive with τό for the sake of emphasis (Winers Grammar, § 23, 5; Buttmann, § 140, 7, 9, etc.): 2 Corinthians 2:1; before a simple infinitive, 1 Corinthians 7:37 (here R G prefix τοῦ to the infinitive); before an accusative and infinitive Ephesians 4:17; before nouns, as τοῦτο εὔχομαι, τήν ὑμῶν κατάρτισιν, 2 Corinthians 13:9, cf. 1 John 3:24; 1 John 5:4.
c. καί τοῦτο, and this, and that too, and indeed, especially: Romans 13:11; 1 Corinthians 6:6, L T Tr WH also in 8; Ephesians 2:8; καί ταῦτα, and that too, 1 Corinthians 6:8 Rec.; Hebrews 11:12; (so καί ταῦτα also in classical Greek; cf. Devar. edition Klotz i., p. 108; Viger. edition Herm., p. 176f; Matthiae, § 470, 6).
d. ταῦτα, of this sort, such, spoken contemptuously of men, 1 Corinthians 6:11 (cf. Sophocles O. R 1329; Thucydides 6, 77; Livy 30, 30; cf. Bernhardy (1829), p. 281; (Winers Grammar, 162 (153))).
e. τοῦτο μέν... τοῦτο δέ, partly... partly, Hebrews 10:33 (for examples from Greek anth. see Winers Grammar, 142 (135); Matthiae, ii., § 288 Anm. 2; (Kühner, § 527 Anm. 2)).
f. τουτ' ἐστιν, see εἰμί, II. 3, p. 176{b}.
II. Joined to nouns it is used like an adjective;
a. so that the article stands between the demonstrative and the noun, οὗτος ὁ, αὕτη ἡ, τοῦτο τό (cf. Winers Grammar, § 23 at the end; Buttmann, § 127, 29): Matthew 12:32; Matthew 16:18; Matthew 17:21 (T WH omits; Tr brackets the verse); Matthew 20:12; 26:29; Mark 9:29; Luke 7:44; Luke 10:36; Luke 14:30; Luke 15:24; John 4:15; John 7:46 (L WH omit; Tr brackets the clause); John 8:20; 10:6; 11:47; 12:5; Acts 1:11; Romans 11:24; 1 Timothy 1:18; Hebrews 7:1; Hebrews 8:10; (1 John 4:21); Revelation 19:9; Revelation 20:14; Revelation 21:5; Revelation 22:6. etc.; τοῦτο τό παιδίον, such a little child as ye see here, Luke 9:48; cf. Bornemann at the passage (who takes τοῦτο thus as representing the class, 'this and the like;' but cf. Meyer (edited by Weiss) at the passage).
b. so that the noun stands between the article and the demonstrative (cf. Winer's Grammar, 548 (510)); as, οἱ λίθοι οὗτοι, the stones which ye see lying near, Matthew 3:9; Matthew 4:3; add, Matthew 5:19; Matthew 7:24 (L Tr WH brackets τούτους), Matthew 7:26, 28; 9:26 (Tr marginal reading WH marginal reading αὐτῆς); Matthew 10:23, etc.; Mark 12:16; Mark 13:30; Luke 11:31; Luke 23:47; John 4:13, 21; John 7:49; John 11:9; John 18:29; Acts 6:13; Acts 19:26; Romans 15:28; 1 Corinthians 1:20; 1 Corinthians 2:6; 1 Corinthians 11:26; 2 Corinthians 4:1, 7; 2 Corinthians 8:6; 2 Corinthians 11:10; 2 Corinthians 12:13; Ephesians 3:8; Ephesians 5:32; 2 Timothy 2:19; Revelation 2:24, and very often — (which construction is far more frequent with Paul than the other (see Winer's Grammar, as above)); it is added to a noun which has another adjective, ἡ χήρα ἡ πτωχή αὕτη, Luke 21:3; πάντα τά ῤήματα ταῦτα, Luke 2:19, 51 ((T WH L marginal reading omit; L text Tr marginal reading brackets ταῦτα); ἀπό τῆς γενεάς τῆς σκολιᾶς ταύτης, Acts 2:40).
c. Passages in which the reading varies between οὗτος ὁ and ὁ... οὗτος: viz. οὗτος ὁ, Mark 14:30 L text T Tr WH; John 4:20 R L marginal reading; John 6:60 R G; John 7:36 R G; John 9:24 L WH Tr marginal reading; John 21:23 L T Tr WH. ὁ... οὗτος, Mark 14:30 R G L marginal reading; John 4:20 G L text T Tr WH; John 6:60 L T Tr WH; John vii 36 L T Tr WH; John 9:24 G T Tr text; John 21:23 R G; etc.
d. with anarthrous nouns, especially numerical specifications (Winer's Grammar, § 37, 5 N. 1): τρίτον τοῦτο, this third time, 2 Corinthians 13:1; τοῦτο τρίτον, John 21:14 (Judges 16:15; δεύτερον τοῦτο, Genesis 27:36; τοῦτο δέκατον, Numbers 14:22; τέταρτον τοῦτο, Herodotus 5, 76). (The passages which follow, although introduced here by Prof. Grimm, are (with the exception of Acts 1:5) clearly instances of the predicative use of οὗτος; cf. Winers Grammar, 110 (105) note; Buttmann, § 127, 31; Rost § 98, 3 A. c. α. following): τοῦτο πάλιν δεύτερον σημεῖον ἐποίησεν, John 4:54; τρίτην ταύτην ἡμέραν ἄγει, this is the third day that Israel is passing (but see ἄγω, 3), Luke 24:21 (κεῖμαι τριακοστην ταύτην ἡμέραν, this is now the thirtieth day that I lie (unburied), Lucian, dial. mort. 13, 3); οὐ μετά πολλάς ταύτας ἡμέρας (see μετά, II. 2 b. (Winers Grammar, 161 (152); Buttmann, § 127, 4)), Acts 1:5; οὗτος μήν ἕκτος ἐστιν αὐτῇ, this is the sixth month with her etc. Luke 1:36; αὕτη ἀπογραφή πρώτη ἐγένετο, Luke 2:2 L (T) Tr WH; ταύτην ἐποίησεν ἀρχήν τῶν σημείων, John 2:11 L T Tr WH.

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