שַׁ֫עַר 373 noun masculine 2 Samuel 18:24 (
feminineIsaiah 14:31 in personification, Albr
ZAW xvi (1896), 86)
gate; —
שׁ׳ absolute
Judges 9:40 +, construct
Genesis 22:17 +; with
ה locative,
שָׁ֑עְרָה Isaiah 28:6 +; plural
שְׁעָרִים 2 Samuel 18:24 +, construct
שַׁעֲרֵי 1 Samuel 17:52 +; suffix
שְׁעָרֶיךָ Deuteronomy 12:15 +,
שַׁעֲרֵיהֶם Ezekiel 21:20;
Ezekiel 48:34, etc.; —
1.
a. gate, entrance to city, shut (
סָגַר) by night
Joshua 2:5,
7 (JE), compare
Isaiah 45:1, opened (
מָּתַח) by day
Nehemiah 7:3, compare
Isaiah 60:11; for entrance (
בּוֺא), and exit (
יָצָא)
Jeremiah 17:19,
20,
21,
24,
25,
27;
Lamentations 4:12;
Ezekiel 26:10 +;
עָבַר שׁ׳ Micah 2:13 pass out through (disregard accents),
בַּשׁ׳ ע׳ Isaiah 62:10; with bars
Psalm 147:13; attacked
Ezekiel 21:20;
Ezekiel 21:27, compare
Isaiah 28:6;
Micah 1:9,
12;
1 Samuel 17:52; on
Judges 5:8,
11 see Commentaries; burned (by foe) Jeremiah 19:27;
Jeremiah 51:58;
Nehemiah 1:3;
Nehemiah 2:3,
13,
17; as giving control, possession, of city,
אֹיְבָיו יָרַשׁ אֵת שׁ׳ Genesis 22:17;
Genesis 24:60 (J);
מֶּתַח הַשּׁ׳ Judges 9:40 + (see
פ׳),
דַּלְתוֺת הַשּׁ׳ 1 Samuel 21:14 + (see
ד׳ 3);
מֶּתַחהַֿשּׁ׳ Judges 18:16,
17 of farm or village; so of camp
Exodus 32:26,
27 (J). In cities, elaborate structure, with roof
2 Samuel 18:24, upper chamber
2 Samuel 19:1; compare
שְׂאוּ שְׁעָרִים רָאשֵׁיכֶם Psalm 24:7;
Psalm 24:9; write laws
בִּשׁ׳ Deuteronomy 6:9 (+
עַלמְֿזֻזוֺת בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ),
Deuteronomy 11:20 (+
id..);
בְּתוֺךְ הַשּׁ׳ 1 Samuel 9:18,
אֶלאתּוֺךְ הַשּׁ׳ 2 Samuel 3:27;
(לְ)יַד שׁ׳ as public,
1 Samuel 4:18, +
1 Samuel 4:13 Th We Dr and others, compare
2 Samuel 15:2;
2 Samuel 18:4;
Proverbs 8:3 (||
מְבוֺא פְתָחִים).
b. particular gates of Jerusalem are:
(18) הָרִאשׁוֺן שׁ׳ Zechariah 14:10; — on sites and relation to each other see RS-GASm
Ency. Bib. JERUSALEM Conder
Hast. DB id. Buhl
G 133 ff. Bd
Pal. under the word Murray
Hd. Bk, under the word BeRy
Ne p. 182 ff. Gu
ZPV, especially v (1882). 7 ff. viii (1885), 245 ff. Comm.
on the passage variant reading.
2.
a. gate = space inside gate, as public meeting-place, market
2 Kings 7:1,
18, place of public well
2 Samuel 23:15,
16 =
1 Chronicles 11:17,
18, where elders, judges, king, sat officially
Deuteronomy 21:19;
Deuteronomy 22:15;
Amos 5:12,
15;
Isaiah 29:21;
2 Samuel 18:24;
2 Samuel 19:9;
1 Kings 22:10 2 Chronicles 18:9;
Genesis 19:1 (J)
Proverbs 24:7;
Job 5:4;
Job 31:21;
Ruth 4:1 (twice in verse);
Proverbs 31:23,
31, etc.; of conqueror
Jeremiah 1:15; apparently =
רְחוֺב שׁ׳ Genesis 19:2 (J)
Nehemiah 8:16;
1 Chronicles 9:16 + (see I.
ר׳);
Genesis 34:20 (P)
one came unto gate (
בָּא אֶלֿ), so
בָּאֵי שׁ׳ Genesis 23:10,
18 (P)
those entering the gate, i.e. having citizens' rights; also
went out (to),
יָצָא שׁ׳ Job 29:7 (i.e., in this case, from his own house, outside the city), hence
כָּליֹֿצְאֵי שׁ׳ Genesis 34:24 (twice in verse) (P; compare also
הוֺצִיא אֶלֿ Deuteronomy 21:19;
Deuteronomy 22:15,
24); hence = body of citizens,
עַמִּי כָּלשֿׁ׳ Ruth 3:11.
c. specifically in Deuteronomy,
בִּשְׁעָרֶיךָ in thy gates, i.e. thy cities, towns, etc.,
Deuteronomy 5:14 =
Exodus 20:10;
Deuteronomy 12:12,
15,
17,
21 +
22 times Deuteronomy +
1 Kings 8:37 (read
בְּאַחַד שׁ׳, compare
Deuteronomy 18:6;
Deuteronomy 23:17, so
modern), so ||
2 Chronicles 6:28, + (perhaps)
Jeremiah 14:2 (but
Jeremiah 15:7;
Nahum 3:13 figurative of
gates as entrance to land); of private house,
שַׁעֲרֵי צַדִּיק Proverbs 14:19 (perhaps compare
Judges 18:16 1a above).
3.
See related Aramaic BDB entry
H8651.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
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