† I. [
שָׁנָה]
verb change (Late Hebrew Pi., etc.; Ecclus 42:24; etc.; Assyrian
šanû,
change, Aramaic
שְׁנָא, Nabataean Ethpa`al Lzb
379; Syriac
, especially mentally =
grow insane; compare (probably) Late Hebrew
שָׁנָה year, = Phoenician
שנת,
שת; MI
2, 8 שת; Assyrian
šattu (compare Muss-Arnolt
JBL xi (1892), 73 n.); Arabic
; Aramaic
שְׁנַא,
שַׁתָּא,
,
; Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene
שנתא,
שנת,
שת,
שנן Lzb
379f.; on
year from
changing seasons, see Philippi
ZMG xxxii (1878), 79 f. Ba
ZMG xli (1887), 612, 621, 636 (especially against DHM
VIme Orient. Congr. ii. 1, 452 who proposes biliteral √), compare Thes; a daring suggestion by Jen
ZA vii (1892), 177); —
Qal Perfect 1st person singular לאֹ שָׁנִיתִי Malachi 3:6 I am
י׳,
I do not change: Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular יִשְׁנֶא (Ges
§ 75 rr) [
H8132 Lamentations 4:1] how
is the fine gold
changed (si vera lectio; Löhr
Now יִשָּׁנֵא; gloss on
יוּעַס Bu Löhr);
Infinitive construct שְׁנוֺת יְמִין עֶלְיוֺן Psalm 77:11 the right hand of the Highest is changed (
Aq Symm Theod Hup-Now RVm Bae Du We Buhl; AV RV Ew De Che and others
years, usually insert
I will remember);
Participle שׁוֺנִים Esther 1:7 differing, different, with
מִן, compare
Esther 3:8 (so Ecclus 42:24);
Proverbs 24:21 those who change (but dubious, see Toy).
Pi. transitive,
change, alter:
Perfect 3rd person masculine singular שִׁנָּה Jeremiah 52:33 with accusative garments, =
שִׁנָּא (Ges
l.c.) [
H8132 2 Kings 25:29];
Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular יְשַׁנֶּה דִּין Proverbs 31:5 lest he pervert the judgment;
וַיְשַׁנּוֺ 1 Samuel 21:14 (read
וַיְשַׁן Ges
§ 75bb,
וַיְשַׁנֶּה We Dr (and references), compare Bu HPS Now), with accusative
טַעְמוֺ (see
טַעַם, and Assyrian
šanê ṭêmi,
madness);
וַיְשַׁנֶּהָ Esther 2:9, i.e.
changed her place
לְטוֺב בֵּית הַנָּשִׁים;
1st person singular Psalm 89:35 the utterance of my lips
I will not change (||
לֹא אֲחַלֵּל בְּרִיתִי);
Infinitive construct לְשַׁנּוֺת אֶתדַּֿרְכֵךְ Jeremiah 2:36 i.e. change thy political course;
בְּשַׁנּוֺתוֺ אֶתֿ טַעְמוֺ Psalm 34:1 (title; compare
1 Samuel 21:14 above);
Participle מְשַׁנֶּה פָנָיו Job 14:20 altering his face, i.e. in death (subject God).
Pu. Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular וְעֹז מָּנָיו יְשֻׁנֶּא (Ges
§ 75 rr) [
H8132 Ecclesiastes 8:1], usually
is changed, mollified, Siegf
יִשָּׂנֵא is hated (on
עֹז פ׳ see
עֹז 4, √
עזז).
Hithp. Perfect 2nd person feminine singular consecutive
קוּמִי וְהִשְׁתַּנִּית 1 Kings 14:2 arise, pray, and disguise thyself.
† III. שָׁנָה verb repeat, do again (Late Hebrew
id.;
Ecclus 42:1; Arabic
bend, fold, double; Aramaic
תְּנָא repeat, also
teach,
; Assyrian
šanû, especially Pi.
repeat, relate, compare Scheil
ZA v (1890), 409 (Dl thinks denominative); on
שׁ׳ as √of
שְׁנַיִם two, see Philippi
ZMG xxxii (1878), 77 Ba
ib. xli (1887), 603); —
Qal Perfect 3rd person masculine singular שׁ׳ 2 Samuel 20:10;
Imperfect 1st person singular אֶשְׁנֶה 1 Samuel 26:8, etc.;
Imperative masculine plural שְׁנוּ 1 Kings 18:34;
Participle שֹׁנֶה Proverbs 17:9;
Proverbs 26:11; —
do again: לוֹ שׁ׳ וְלֹא ֗֗֗ וַיַּכֵּהוּ 2 Samuel 20:10, compare
1 Samuel 26:8; absolute
1 Kings 18:34 (twice in verse);
Nehemiah 13:21; =
speak again Job 29:22 +
Job 40:5 according to many moderns (
אשׁנה for MT
אענה);
בְּדָבָר שׁ׳ Proverbs 17:9 repeat with a thing, keep talking about it (
שנות דבר Ecclus 42:1);
Proverbs 26:11 a dullard
repeats with (
ב) his folly, does it over again (learns nothing by experience).
Niph. Infinitive construct פַּעֲמָ֑יִם אֶל־פַּרְעֹה הַחֲלוֺם הִשָּׁנוֺת וְעַל Genesis 41:32 (E)
concerning the dream's being repeated, etc.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
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