קוּם 628 verb arise, stand up, stand; — (Late Hebrew in derived species and derivatives; Phoenician Hiph. Participle and
מקם place; Arabic
(و) قَامَ stand, rise, Ethiopic
ቆመ፡ stand, stop; Sabean
מקם,
place, Hom
Chrest. 127; Aramaic
קוּם,
Mxq = Biblical Hebrew, so Old Aramaic Nabataean
קום; Palmyrene Aph.
אקים erect statue; compare probably Assyrian
kumu (
k =
כ),
place, dwelling,
kum, kêmu,
in place of, and perhaps
kaiamânu,
enduring, constant (see
כִּיּוּן); Thes compare also Samaritan
MPS,
live, compare especially
Pa.); —
Qal460 Perfect 3rd person masculine singular קָם 1 Samuel 17:48 +,
וְקָאם consecutive
Hosea 10:14 (Ges
§ 72 p);
2nd person masculine singular קַמְתָּ 2 Samuel 12:21, etc.;
Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular יָקוּם Exodus 21:19, jussive
יָקֻם Genesis 27:31,
(לָ֑ךְ) וְיָ֫קָם Job 22:28 (Ges
§ 109h Dr
§ 152 (3));
וַיָּ֫קָם Genesis 4:8 +, etc.;
Imperative masculine singular
קוּם Genesis 13:17 +, feminine plural
קֹמְנָה Isaiah 32:9, etc.;
Infinitive absolute קוֺם Jeremiah 44:29;
construct קָוּם Amos 5:2 +, etc.;
Participle feminine singular
קָמָה Micah 7:6; masculine plural
קָמִים 2 Samuel 18:31 +,
הַקּוֺמִים 2 Kings 16:17 (Ges
§ 72p), etc.; —
a. after lying down (sleep, sickness, mourning, etc.),
1 Samuel 3:6,
8;
2 Samuel 12:21;
Exodus 21:19;
Genesis 19:33,
35;
Genesis 31:17;
Ruth 3:14;
Ecclesiastes 12:4 +
50 times; from lying dead,
קַיָּקָם עַלרַֿגְלָיו 2 Kings 13:21, compare
Job 14:12;
Isaiah 26:14,
19;
Psalm 88:11; after falling
Amos 5:2;
Amos 8:14;
Jeremiah 8:4;
Jeremiah 25:27 +
4 times (chiefly figurative); after being smitten, wounded, etc.
Psalm 18:39 ||
2 Samuel 22:39;
Isaiah 27:9 (of Asherim, etc.),
Isaiah 43:17 +
4 times; from sitting, reclining, especially at meals
Genesis 25:34;
1 Samuel 1:9;
1 Samuel 20:34 (
מֵעִם הַשֻּׁלְחָן;
1 Samuel 20:25 see
קָדַם),
Esther 7:7 (+
אֶל in construction Praegn.), but also
Judges 3:20 (
מֵעַל),
2 Samuel 2:14 (twice in verse);
2 Samuel 2:15,
Jonah 3:6 (
מִכִּסְאוֺ), +
11 times, + (
arise = stand up, in respect),
Genesis 19:1 (+
לִקְתָאתָם),
Genesis 31:35 (
מִפָּנֶיךָ),
Leviticus 19:32 (
מִפְּנֵי),
Isaiah 49:7;
Job 29:8; +
וַיִּשְׁתַּחוּ 2 Kings 2:19, compare
Genesis 23:7;
Exodus 33:10;
1 Samuel 20:41;
1 Samuel 25:41; — (see also
e); from kneeling (
מִן +
מִלִּפְנֵי location)
1 Kings 8:54, from obeisance 1 Samuel 24:42;
Esther 8:4; from bending over (
עַל) dead
Genesis 23:3 (P).
b. out of (
מִן) a condition, state,
Ezra 9:5.
2. arise, in hostile sense (optative with idea of suddenness); with
עַל person
Deuteronomy 19:11 (out of ambush),
Deuteronomy 22:26;
Judges 9:18;
Judges 20:5;
Psalm 27:3 (of war), Obadiah (
לַמִּלְחָמָה), +
11 times, +
Job 30:12 (according to Bu, reading
עָלַי for
עִַליָֿמִין), + (of
י׳)
Amos 7:9 (
ב instrumental),
Isaiah 14:22;
Isaiah 31:2; with
אֶל person
Genesis 4:8;
1 Samuel 22:13;
1 Samuel 24:8 (Gi
1 Samuel 24:7); with
ב person
Micah 7:6;
Psalm 27:12 (false witness),
Micah 7:6; with
עַם person
Psalm 94:16 (||
יִתְיַצֵּב); see especially participle with suffix =
those rising up against me (thee, etc.)
Exodus 15:7;
Exodus 32:25;
Deuteronomy 33:11 +
8 times +
Psalm 109:28 (read
קָמַי יֵבשׁוּ Bae We Du, compare Hup Dr); with
מִן from, out of Joshua 8:7,
19;
Judges 9:35,
43;
Judges 20:33; =
revolt Numbers 16:2 (
לִפְנֵי person),
2 Kings 12:21;
2 Chronicles 13:6, compare
Habakkuk 2:7.
5. arise for, i.e. to become, with
ל of thing;
בְּיוֺם קוּמִי לְעַד Zephaniah 3:8 (read
לְעֵד,
for a witness,
We Now GASm compare Da);
הֶחָמָס קָם לְמַטֵּהרֶֿשַׁע Ezekiel 7:11 (but dubious; Co Berthol Krae
קָמֵל).
6.
7. stand: especially figurative
h. persist,
עַלנְֿדִיבוֺת יָקוּם Isaiah 32:8 literally
on noble things doth he take his stand.
i. יָקוּם עַלאשֵׁם אָחִיו Deuteronomy 25:6 he shall stand upon the name of his dead
brother, represent him.
†
Pi. Perfect 3rd person masculine singular קִיַּם Esther 9:31,
32;
3rd person plural קִיְּמוּ Esther 9:27;
Esther 9:31;
Imperfect 1st person singular וָאֲקַיֵּמָ֑ה Psalm 119:106;
Imperative masculine singular suffix
קַיְּמֵנִי Psalm 119:28;
Infinitive construct לְקַיֵּם Ezekiel 13:6 +; — late (Aramaic):
2.
b. confirm, establish, of
י׳ Psalm 119:28 (with suffix accusative).
†
Pō`l. raise up: Imperfect 2nd person masculine singular תְּקוֺמֵם Isaiah 58:2;
1st person singular אֲקוֺמֵם Isaiah 44:26;
3rd person masculine plural יְקוֺמֵ֑מוּ Isaiah 61:4 (all of rebuilding); —
יְקוֺמֵם Micah 2:8, read
תָּקוּמוּ We Now, or
קָמִים GASm Buhl.
†
Hithpō`l. raise oneself, =
rise up: Participle feminine singular
מִתְקוֺמָמָה Job 20:27 (
לְ person
against);
masculine singular suffix
מְ֑מִי Job 27:7 one rising up against me (||
אֹיְבִי); plural absolute
מְ֑מִים Psalm 17:7; suffix
מְ֑מַי Psalm 59:2; see also [
H8618 Psalm 139:21], reading
וּבְמִתְקוֺמְמֶיךָ (for MT
וּבִתְק׳; ||
מְשַׂנְאֶיךָ); see also
קוּט.
Hiph.146 Perfect 3rd person masculine singular הֵקִים Joshua 4:9 +;
2nd person masculine singular וַהֲקֵמֹתָ֫ Exodus 26:30;
Deuteronomy 27:2;
1st person singular הֲקִימֹתִי 1 Samuel 15:13,
הֲקִמֹתִי Genesis 9:17 +, etc.;
Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular יָקִים Deuteronomy 18:15 +; jussive
יָקֵם 1 Samuel 1:23 +;
וַיָּ֫קֶם Judges 2:16 +;
2nd person feminine plural תָּקִ֫ימְנָה Jeremiah 44:25, etc.;
Imperative masculine singular הָקֵם 2 Samuel 7:25 +, etc.;
Infinitive absolute הָקֵים Jeremiah 44:25,
הָקֵם Deuteronomy 22:4;
Judges 7:19; construct
הָקִים 2 Samuel 3:10 +, etc.;
Participle מֵקִים Amos 6:14 +, etc.; —
†1. cause to arise, raise:
2.
†a. raise, set up, stones
Joshua 4:9 (J E;
בְּתוֺךְ local),
Joshua 4:20 (J E;
ב location),
Joshua 24:26 (E;
שָׁם,
תַּחַת location),
Deuteronomy 27:2; pillars
1 Kings 7:21 (
3 times in verse) ||
2 Chronicles 3:17;
Exodus 40:18 (P);
מַצֵּבָה,
מֶּסֶל Judges 18:30 (
ל reflexive),
Leviticus 26:1;
Deuteronomy 16:22; throne, figurative,
2 Samuel 3:10, king
Deuteronomy 28:36 (both with
עַל over.
†c. figurative of setting up law
Psalm 78:5 (
עֵדוּת; ||
שִׂים).
†3. raise up = bring on the scene: with accusative, sons in place of (
תַּחַת) fathers
Joshua 5:7,
אַחֲרֵי 2 Samuel 7:12 =
1 Chronicles 17:11;
1 Kings 15:4;
raise up זֶרַע לְאָחִיךָ Genesis 38:8 (J); judges
Judges 2:16,
18 (
לָהֶם), compare
Judges 3:9,
15; (both
ל person); king
Jeremiah 30:9,
צֶמַח צַדִּיק Jeremiah 23:5, prophet
Jeremiah 29:15;
Deuteronomy 18:15,
18, priest
1 Samuel 2:35 (all
ל person); shepherds, etc.
Micah 5:5 (
עַל against),
Zechariah 11:16;
לְהָקִים לְאָחִיו שֵׁם Deuteronomy 25:7; plant of name
Ezekiel 34:29 (
ל person); evil (
רָעָה)
2 Samuel 12:11 (
עַל against).
†4.
6. cause to stand:
†b. cause to hold one's ground Psalm 89:44 (
בַּמִּלְחָמָה).
f. =
carry out, give effect to (Dr
Sm. 1, 23), oath, covenant, vow, word, plan, command, of man
1 Samuel 15:11,
13 +
6 times; of
י׳ Genesis 26:3;
Leviticus 26:9;
1 Samuel 1:23;
1 Kings 6:12;
Deuteronomy 8:18;
Jeremiah 23:20 +
18 times
†g. לְהָקִים שֵׁםהַֿמֵּת עַלנַֿחֲלָתוֺ Ruth 4:5,
10 to cause the dead man's name to stand upon his inheritance (compare
Qal 7 i).
†
Hoph. Perfect 3rd person masculine singular הֻ֫קַםעָ֑ל 2 Samuel 23:1 be raised up (on
הֻ֫קַּם van d. H., see Dr);
הוּקַם be set up Exodus 40:17 (of tabernacle);
הוּקַם אֶתדִּֿבְרֵי פ׳ Jeremiah 35:14 be held upright (Ges
§ 121a), i.e. observed, obeyed.
לֵב קָמָי probably late Atbash (compare
H8347 שֵׁשַׁךְ) for
כשׂדים the orginal reading (
)
Jeremiah 51:1.
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