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The Blue Letter Bible

Lexicon :: Strong's H646 - 'ēp̄ôḏ

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אֵפוֹד
Transliteration
'ēp̄ôḏ
Pronunciation
ay-fode'
Listen
Part of Speech
masculine noun
Root Word (Etymology)
Probably of foreign derivation
Dictionary Aids

TWOT Reference: 142.1a

Variant Spellings

Variant spellings for this word: אפוד (Strongs and Gesenius) אפד (Strongs)

Strong’s Definitions

אֵפוֹד ʼêphôwd, ay-fode'; rarely אֵפֹד ʼêphôd; probably of foreign derivation a girdle; specifically the ephod or highpriest's shoulder-piece; also generally, an image:—ephod.

KJV Translation Count — Total: 49x

The KJV translates Strong's H646 in the following manner: ephod (49x).

KJV Translation Count — Total: 49x
The KJV translates Strong's H646 in the following manner: ephod (49x).

  1. ephod

    1. priestly garment, shoulder-cape or mantle, outer garment

      1. worn by an ordinary priest and made of white stuff

      2. worn by the high priest - more costly, woven of gold, blue, purple, scarlet, and linen threads provided with shoulder-pieces and a breast piece of like material, ornamented with gems and gold

Strong’s Definitions [?](Strong’s Definitions Legend)
אֵפוֹד ʼêphôwd, ay-fode'; rarely אֵפֹד ʼêphôd; probably of foreign derivation a girdle; specifically the ephod or highpriest's shoulder-piece; also generally, an image:—ephod.
STRONGS H646: Abbreviations
אֵפוֺד (28 times) & אֵפֹד (20 times) noun masculineExodus 28:7 ephod (Ethiopic አፋድ፡ compare Aramaic aXTdep   id. (on meaning see Lagl.c.), perhaps also Assyrian pid, pittu ZimBP 39; on form see Ges§ 84 a 12. R. but Lagl.c. compares وفاد, & thinks אֵפוֺד shortened from חֵשֶׁב הָא׳ 'robe of approach to God) — א׳ absolute Exodus 25:7 +; construct 1 Samuel 2:18 +; —
1. ephod, priestly garment, shoulder-cape or mantle;
a. as worn by ordinary priest made of white stuff (בַּד) 1 Samuel 22:18; נֹשֵׂא א׳ compare 2; so Samuel as a temple-servant 1 Samuel 2:8; חָגוּר א׳ girt with an ephod; so David when dancing before ark 2 Samuel 6:14 (id.) 1 Chronicles 15:27 וְעַל דוד א׳;
b. as prescribed in P for high priest, more costly, woven of gold, blue, purple, scarlet, & linen (? שֵׁשׁ)threads, provided with shoulder-pieces & breast-piece of like material, ornamented with gems and gold, Exodus 25:7; Exodus 28:4, 6, 12, 15; Exodus 29:5; Exodus 35:9, 27 + 17 times Exodus 28, 39, also Leviticus 8:7; compare probably 1 Samuel 2:28 (נֹשֵׂא א׳) 1 Samuel 14:3; 1 Samuel 21:10 (see below 2); חֵשֶׁב הָא׳ Exodus 28:27, 28; Exodus 29:5; Exodus 39:20, 21; Leviticus 8:7; מְעִיל הָא׳ Exodus 29:5; Exodus 39:22 (compare Leviticus 8:7); with verb עַל־ נָתַן אֶת־הָא׳ put the ephod on Aaron Leviticus 8:7.
2. ephod used in consulting י׳ 1 Samuel 23:6 א׳ borne in hand (read בְּיָדוֺ יָרַד וְהָא׳ Greek Version of the LXX We Dr) 1 Samuel 23:9; 1 Samuel 30:7 (twice in verse) (all with חִגִּישׁ) + 1 Samuel 14:18 (הגישׁ) & 1 Samuel 14:18, in both read הָא׳ for ארון & 1 Samuel 14:18 also נֹשֵׂא Greek Version of the LXX Klo Dr;
a. according to Thes MV Di Exodus 28:6 and elsewhere properly below 1b; consultation of י׳ in that case by Urim & Thummim in the breast-piece attached to the ephod (compare Exodus 28:28-30 & see אוּרִים); if so, in view of נשׂא 1 Samuel 2:28; 1 Samuel 14:3, 18 (compare above), not used elsewhere = wear except 1 Samuel 22:18, & of 1 Samuel 23:6, the word might be used by metonymy for the breast-piece itself;
b. others, e.g. StaGeschichte i. 466, 471 BuRS 115 and others, think of an image representing י׳; compare following.
3.
a. ephod of gold made by Gideon Judges 8:27 for a local sanctuary, by which Israel was ensnared; = 2b according to Syriac Version Thes ('sine controversia') Stu and others + Sta Bu l.c.; originally = gold sheathing of an image (compare etymology above & Isaiah 30:22 below אֲפֻדָּה); MV Be KöHauptprobleme 59 think of garment, as below 1 see above.
b. made (material not given) for a private, local sanctuary Judges 17:5; Judges 18:14, 17, 18, 20 (|| פֶּסֶל, מַסֵּכָה, תְּרָפִים in all, for Greek Version of the LXX gives מַסֵּכָה Judges 18:20, omitted by HCT); compare Hosea 3:4 Israel shall abide without king, prince, sacrifice, pillar, ephod or teraphim; according to Thes and others + Sta Bu l.c. = 2b; Stu Be Ry and others regard as below 1; in view of distinction from פסל, מסכה & תרפים it seems more likely that this is not an image, but some means of consulting deity, perhaps in imitation of Urim & Thummim.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
Copyright © 2002, 2003, 2006 by Biblesoft, Inc.
All rights reserved. Used by permission. BibleSoft.com

BLB Scripture Index of Brown-Driver-Briggs

Exodus

25:7; 25:7; 28; 28:4; 28:6; 28:6; 28:7; 28:12; 28:15; 28:27; 28:28; 28:28; 28:29; 28:30; 28:39; 29:5; 29:5; 29:5; 35:9; 35:27; 39:20; 39:21; 39:22

Leviticus

8:7; 8:7; 8:7; 8:7

Judges

8:27; 17:5; 18:14; 18:17; 18:18; 18:20; 18:20

1 Samuel

2:8; 2:18; 2:28; 2:28; 14:3; 14:3; 14:18; 14:18; 14:18; 14:18; 21:10; 22:18; 22:18; 23:6; 23:6; 23:9; 30:7

2 Samuel

6:14

1 Chronicles

15:27

Isaiah

30:22

Hosea

3:4

H646

Read the Full Entry

Word / Phrase / Strong's Search

Strong's Number H646 matches the Hebrew אֵפוֹד ('ēp̄ôḏ),
which occurs 49 times in 39 verses in the WLC Hebrew.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 25:7

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 25:7 - [fn]onyx stones and setting stones for the [priest’s] ephod and for the breastpiece.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 28:4

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 28:4 - “These are the garments which they shall make: a breastpiece and an ephod [for the breastpiece] and a robe and a tunic of checkered work, a turban, and a sash. They shall make sacred garments for Aaron your brother and his sons, so that he may serve as a priest to Me.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 28:6

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 28:6 -

and they shall make the ephod of gold and blue, purple, and scarlet fabric and fine twisted linen, skillfully woven and [beautifully] worked.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 28:12

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 28:12 - “You shall put the two stones on the [two] shoulder pieces of the ephod [of the high priest], as memorial stones for Israel; and Aaron shall bear their names on his two shoulders as a memorial before the LORD.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 28:15

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 28:15 -

“You are to make a breastpiece of judgment, the work of a skilled and talented craftsman; like the work of the ephod you shall make it: of gold, of blue, purple, and scarlet fabric and of fine twisted linen.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 28:25

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 28:25 - “The other two ends of the two cords you shall fasten in the two filigree settings in front, putting them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 28:26

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 28:26 - “You shall make two gold rings and put them at the two ends of the breastpiece, on its inside edge next to the ephod.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 28:27

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 28:27 - “You are to make two gold rings and attach them to the lower part of the two shoulder pieces of the ephod in front, close to the place where it is joined, above the skillfully woven sash of the ephod.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 28:28

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 28:28 - “They shall bind the breastpiece by its rings to the rings of the ephod with a blue cord, so that it will be above the skillfully woven sash of the ephod, so that the breastpiece will not come loose from the ephod.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 28:31

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 28:31 -

“And you shall make the [fn]robe of the ephod all of blue.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 29:5

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 29:5 - “Then you shall take the garments, and put on Aaron the tunic and the robe of the ephod and the ephod and the breastpiece, and wrap him with the skillfully woven sash of the ephod;

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 35:9

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 35:9 - and [fn]onyx stones and other stones to be set for the ephod and the breastpiece.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 35:27

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 35:27 - The leaders brought onyx stones and other stones to be put in settings for the ephod and for the breastpiece,

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 39:2

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 39:2 -

Bezalel made the ephod of gold, and of blue, purple, and scarlet fabric, and fine twisted linen.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 39:7

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 39:7 - And he put them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod to be memorial stones (a remembrance) for the sons of Israel (Jacob), just as the LORD had commanded Moses.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 39:8

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 39:8 -

Bezalel made the breastpiece, the work of a skillful craftsman, like the workmanship of the ephod: of gold and of blue, purple, and scarlet fabric, and fine twisted linen.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 39:18

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 39:18 - They put the [other] two ends of the two cords on the two filigree settings, and put them on the shoulder pieces of the ephod at the front of it.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 39:19

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 39:19 - They made two rings of gold and put them on the two ends of the breastpiece, on its inner edge which was next to the ephod.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 39:20

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 39:20 - Furthermore, they made two [other] gold rings and attached them to the bottom of the two shoulder pieces of the ephod, at the front of it, close to the place where it is joined, above the woven sash of the ephod.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 39:21

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 39:21 - They bound the breastpiece by its rings to the rings of the ephod with a blue cord, so that it would lie on the woven sash of the ephod, and so that the breastpiece would not come loose from the ephod, just as the LORD commanded Moses.

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Unchecked Copy Box Exo 39:22

Unchecked Copy BoxExo 39:22 -

Then Bezalel made the robe of the ephod of woven work, all of blue;

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Unchecked Copy Box Lev 8:7

Unchecked Copy BoxLev 8:7 - He put the undertunic on Aaron, tied the sash around him, clothed him in the robe, and put the [fn]ephod (an upper vestment) on him. He tied the [skillfully woven] band of the ephod around him, with which he secured it to Aaron.

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Unchecked Copy Box Jdg 8:27

Unchecked Copy BoxJdg 8:27 - Gideon made [all the golden earrings into] an ephod [a sacred, high priest’s garment], and put it in his city of Ophrah, and all Israel [fn]worshiped it as an idol there, and [fn]it became a trap for Gideon and his household.

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Unchecked Copy Box Jdg 17:5

Unchecked Copy BoxJdg 17:5 - Now the man Micah had a house of gods (shrine), and he made an ephod and teraphim and dedicated and installed one of his sons, who became his [personal] priest.

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Unchecked Copy Box Jdg 18:14

Unchecked Copy BoxJdg 18:14 -

Then the five men who had gone to scout the country of Laish said to their relatives, “Do you know that there are in these houses an ephod, teraphim, an image [of silver-plated wood], and a cast image [of solid silver]? Now therefore, consider what you should do.”

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Unchecked Copy Box Jdg 18:17

Unchecked Copy BoxJdg 18:17 - Now the five men who had gone to scout the land went up and entered the house and took the image [of silver-plated wood], the ephod, the teraphim, and the cast image [of solid silver], while the priest stood by the entrance of the gate with the six hundred men armed with weapons of war.

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Unchecked Copy Box Jdg 18:18

Unchecked Copy BoxJdg 18:18 - When these [five men] went into Micah’s house and took the [plated] image, the ephod, the teraphim, and the cast image, the priest asked them, “What are you doing?”

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Unchecked Copy Box Jdg 18:20

Unchecked Copy BoxJdg 18:20 - The priest’s heart was glad [to hear that], and he took the ephod, the teraphim, and the image, and went among the people.

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Unchecked Copy Box 1Sa 2:18

Unchecked Copy Box1Sa 2:18 -

Now Samuel was ministering before the LORD, as a child dressed in a linen ephod [a sacred item of priestly clothing].

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Unchecked Copy Box 1Sa 2:28

Unchecked Copy Box1Sa 2:28 - ‘Moreover, [fn]I selected him out of all the tribes of Israel to be My priest, to go up to My altar, to burn incense, to wear an ephod before Me. And [from then on] I gave to the house of your father all the fire offerings of the sons of Israel.

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Unchecked Copy Box 1Sa 14:3

Unchecked Copy Box1Sa 14:3 - and Ahijah the son of Ichabod’s brother Ahitub the son of Phinehas, the son of Eli, the LORD’S priest at Shiloh, was wearing the ephod. And the people did not know that Jonathan had gone.

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Unchecked Copy Box 1Sa 21:9

Unchecked Copy Box1Sa 21:9 - Then the priest said, “The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom you killed in the Valley of Elah, is here wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod; if you would take it for yourself, do so. For there is no other here except for it.” And David said, “There is none like that; give it to me.”

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Unchecked Copy Box 1Sa 22:18

Unchecked Copy Box1Sa 22:18 - So the king said to Doeg, “You turn around and attack the priests.” And Doeg the Edomite turned and [fn]attacked the priests, and that day he killed eighty-five men who wore the [priest’s] linen ephod.

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Unchecked Copy Box 1Sa 23:6

Unchecked Copy Box1Sa 23:6 -

When Abiathar the son of Ahimelech fled to David at Keilah, he came down with an ephod in his hand.

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Unchecked Copy Box 1Sa 23:9

Unchecked Copy Box1Sa 23:9 - But David knew that Saul was plotting evil against him; and he said to Abiathar the priest, “Bring the ephod here.”

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Unchecked Copy Box 1Sa 30:7

Unchecked Copy Box1Sa 30:7 -

David said to Abiathar the priest, Ahimelech’s son, “Please bring me the ephod.” So Abiathar brought him the ephod.

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Unchecked Copy Box 2Sa 6:14

Unchecked Copy Box2Sa 6:14 - And David was dancing before the LORD with [fn]great enthusiasm, and David was [fn]wearing a linen ephod [a priest’s upper garment].

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Unchecked Copy Box 1Ch 15:27

Unchecked Copy Box1Ch 15:27 - David was clothed with a robe of fine linen, as were all the Levites who carried the ark, and the singers and Chenaniah, director of the music of the singers. David also wore an ephod (a priestly upper garment) of linen.

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Unchecked Copy Box Hos 3:4

Unchecked Copy BoxHos 3:4 - For the sons of Israel will remain for many days without king or prince, without sacrifice or [idolatrous] pillar, and without [fn]ephod or teraphim (household idols).
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