עָבַר 548 verb pass over, through, by, pass on (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Zinjirli
עבר Haph. Lzb
336 Cook
88, perhaps also Nabataean
עבר Id
ib.;
עֲבַר, Syriac
id.; Assyrian
ebêru,
id. Dl
HWB 10, and derivatives; Arabic
id., and derivatives; Sabean
עבר = Hebrew
עִבַּר
1. MordtSabDenkm 49; עברת passage, march through DHMZMG xxix (1875), 614 also bank or neighbourhood of a stream SabDenkm49); —
Qal465 Perfect 3rd person masculine singular ע׳ Genesis 15:17 +, suffix
עֲבָרוֺ Jeremiah 23:9;
1st person singular עָבַ֫רְתִּי 1 Samuel 15:24 +;
2nd person masculine plural עֲבַרְתֶּם Genesis 18:5 +; 1st person plural
עָבַ֫רְנוּ Joshua 24:17 +, etc.;
Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular יַעֲבֹר Amos 8:5 +,
יַעֲבָרֿ Genesis 33:14 +, suffix
3rd person masculine singular יַעַבְרֶ֫נּוּ Isaiah 33:21;
Isaiah 35:8,
יַעַבְרֶ֫נְהוּ Jeremiah 5:22,
וַיַּעֲבֹר Genesis 12:6 +;
1st person singular אֶעֱבֹר Amos 5:17 +, cohortative
אֶעְבְּרָה Numbers 21:22 +,
אֶעֱבֹ֑רָה Numbers 20:19;
Judges 12:5, etc.;
Imperative masculine singular
עֲבֹר Exodus 17:5 +; feminine singular
עִבְרִי Micah 1:11 +
2 times;
עֲבֹ֑רִי Isaiah 23:12; masculine plural
עִבְרוּ Amos 6:2 +;
Infinitive absolute עָבוֺר 2 Samuel 17:16;
construct עֲבֹר Amos 7:8 +,
לַעֲבָרֿ 1 Kings 18:6 +
Nahum 2:1 Qr (Kt
לעבור); suffix
עָבְרִי Exodus 33:22;
Deuteronomy 4:21, etc.;
Participle עֹבֵר Judges 8:4 +, etc.; —
1. pass over:
a. = cross (stream, wady, sea, etc.),
(1) with accusative
Genesis 31:21 (E),
Genesis 32:11 (J),
Joshua 3:14,
17;
Joshua 4:1 (all J E),
Deuteronomy 2:14 (D),
Numbers 32:29 (P),
2 Samuel 17:20,
22,
24;
Isaiah 16:8, +
37 times, +
Genesis 32:23 (E; accusative
מַעֲבַר),
וְעָֽבְרָה הָֽעֲבָרָה לַעֲבִיר 2 Samuel 19:19 (read
וַיַּעַבְרוּ We Dr Kit Löhr,
and they crossed the ford, or
וְעָֽבְרוּ frequent., HPS; >
![Greek Version of the LXX](/assets-v3/images/lexicon/bdb/bdb_g.svg)
Klo Bu
וַיַּעַבְדוּ הָעֲבֹדָה and they performed the service); also with accusative + accusative of location
1 Samuel 13:7, +
ה locative
Deuteronomy 4:26;
Deuteronomy 31:13;
Deuteronomy 32:47.
(2) accusative omitted
Judges 3:28;
2 Samuel 17:16 (twice in verse) +
32 times, +
עֹבֵר Judges 8:4 (read
וַיַּעֲבֹר Vrss, or strike out as gloss GFM Bu),
2 Samuel 15:23a (where read
עֹמֵד for MT
עֹבֵר We Dr Bu Kit Löhr HPS, but strike out
עֹבְרִים, plausibly, Klo HPS); with
אֶלֿ †
Numbers 32:7 (JE),
Deuteronomy 27:2 (D),
Joshua 4:13;
Joshua 22:19 (both P), with
אֶלעֵֿבֶר Deuteronomy 30:13, with
הָעֵבֶר 1 Samuel 26:13; with
ה locative †
Deuteronomy 3:21;
Deuteronomy 4:14;
Deuteronomy 6:1;
Deuteronomy 11:8,
11;
Deuteronomy 34:4;
Isaiah 23:6; with accusative of location †
Isaiah 23:12;
Jeremiah 2:10;
Numbers 32:32 (P).
†d. pass, march over (that is, bodies of captives),
Isaiah 51:23 (twice in verse).
†g. of razor
passing over head, with
עַל Numbers 6:50; figurative of time
passing over one, with
עַלֿ 1 Chronicles 29:30 (compare Biblical Aramaic
חלף על Daniel 4:13 +).
3. Pass through, traverse, usually
a. with
בְּ of land, city, etc.:
Numbers 22:21 (E),
Numbers 20:21;
Joshua 18:9 (JE),
Exodus 12:2 (P),
1 Samuel 9:4 (
4 times in verse);
2 Samuel 20:14 (+
ה locative), +
31 times; with
בְּתוֺךְ †
Ezekiel 9:4;
Job 15:19; with
בְּקֶרֶב of camp, nation(s) †
Joshua 1:11;
Joshua 3:2 (D),
Joshua 24:17 (E),
Amos 5:17;
Deuteronomy 29:15; with accusative †
Deuteronomy 2:18;
Deuteronomy 29:15;
Judges 11:29 (twice in verse);
Isaiah 10:29;
Job 14:5 is
pass over, beyond (compare
1i); absolute
Exodus 12:23 (J),
Numbers 20:19,
20 (JE),
Deuteronomy 2:28;
Micah 5:7;
Lamentations 3:44;
Ezekiel 14:15;
Ezekiel 33:28; † opposed to
שׁוּב,
pass through and return, go to and fro,
Exodus 32:27 (E;
מִשַּׁעַר לָשַׁעַר בְּ׳), participle absolute
those going to and fro Ezekiel 35:7;
Zechariah 7:14;
Zechariah 9:8.
c. participle absolute
הָעֹבְרִים the passers-through Ezekiel 39:11a, read probably
הָעֲבָרִים (JDMich Hi Co Berthol),
Ezekiel 39:11b (Co reads
אֶתהַֿגַּיְא; Toy strike out as gloss),
Ezekiel 39:14 (strike out
![Syriac Version](/assets-v3/images/lexicon/bdb/bdb_s.svg)
Co Toy Berthol).
e. traverse with accusative of expanse of water
Isaiah 33:21 (of ship).
4.
a. pass along by (
עַלֿ),
Genesis 18:5 (J; not
סַרְתֶּם אֶלֿ Ball after
![Greek Version of the LXX](/assets-v3/images/lexicon/bdb/bdb_g.svg)
),
1 Kings 9:8;
Jeremiah 18:16 +
14 times; with
עַל־פָּנָיו Exodus 34:6 (J); with accusative †
Genesis 32:32;
Judges 3:26 (on other possibilities see GFM),
2 Kings 6:9; absolute
pass by Exodus 33:22 (twice in verse) (J),
2 Kings 4:8 +
15 times, + (of wind)
Job 37:21;
Proverbs 10:25 and (of waters, =
flow past)
Habakkuk 3:10 (compare
Job 6:15),
Job 11:16, hence
מוֺר עֹבֵר Songs 5:5,
13 flowing myrrh (liquid, opposed to hard =
דְּרוֺר מ׳ Exodus 30:23); participle =
passer-by Micah 2:8;
Ezekiel 5:14;
Ezekiel 36:34;
Ezekiel 39:15 +
6 times (
Proverbs 26:10 see Toy), +
עֹבֵר אֹרַח Isaiah 33:8,
עֹבְרֵי דֶרֶךְ †
Lamentations 1:12;
Lamentations 2:15;
Job 21:29;
Proverbs 9:15;
Psalm 80:13;
Psalm 89:42;
pass by =
overtake and pass with accusative †
2 Samuel 18:23.
e. pass along (from hand to hand), only participle
שֶׁקֶל כֶּסֶף עֹבֵר לַסֹּחֵר Genesis 23:16 i.e.
current money
of the merchant (or, money
passing over to merchant ? Bu
ThLz 1892 (3), 63);
כֶּסֶף עֹבֵר 2 Kings 12:5.
5. Pass on, go on:
a. absolute
Genesis 18:5 (J),
Numbers 22:26 (E),
Judges 12:1 +
20 times, +
Judges 11:29;
Judges 18:13;
Joshua 10:29 (D; all with accusative of goal +
מִן),
Genesis 18:3 (J; with
מֵעַל person); also with
אֶלֿ person or thing,
proceed unto 1 Kings 19:19;
2 Kings 4:8;
Nehemiah 2:14, with
עַלֿ person (read
אֶלֿ ?)
Lamentations 4:21; with
מִן Ruth 2:8,
out of the city 2 Samuel 15:24; with
ה locative
Judges 12:1;
2 Samuel 19:41, with
ה locative +
מִן Joshua 10:31,
34 (D);
מֵעִיר לָעִיר בארץ ע׳ 2 Chronicles 30:10; absolute
2 Samuel 19:41 all the people of Judah proceeding with the king (read
עֹבְרִים for
ויעברו, see
Hiph. near the end).
i. pass on, advance, absolute,
Psalm 48:5 (Ol We
pass away, perish),
Micah 2:13a (accusative of location).
†6. Pass away:
a. emigrate, leave one's territory or city
Micah 1:11.
e. with
מִן of hands
Psalm 81:7 (i.e. they were freed from).
f. =
be alienated, pass into other hands Ezekiel 48:14 (reading Kt; > Qr
Hiph.). —
Jeremiah 2:20 read
אֶעֱבוֺד Kt (not
אֶעֱבוֺר Qr);
וָאֶתֵּן לָהֶם יַעַבְרוּם Jeremiah 8:13 and I gave to them that which they transgress
![Targum](/assets-v3/images/lexicon/bdb/bdb_t.svg)
Aq Symm Ew,
those that shall pass over them Hi Gf Ke RVm,
those that shall consume, devour them Rothst
Kau (reading
יְבַעֲרוּם) but all very dubious;
![Greek Version of the LXX](/assets-v3/images/lexicon/bdb/bdb_g.svg)
Co strike out;
Jeremiah 11:15 read Hiph. which see;
מִנֹּגַהּ נֶּגְדּוֺ עָבָיו עָֽבְרוּ Psalm 18:13 is difficult; perhaps best, as Che Kit
Kau Löhr,
out of the brightness before him issued forth hailstones, etc. (strike out
עָבָיו); > ||
2 Samuel 22:13 בָּֽעֲרוּ and so here Bu HPS compare Woods
Hebraica 1887, 262, his clouds burned with hailstones, etc.; read rather
עברו in
2nd person singular
†
Niph. Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular נַחַל אֲשֶׁר לֹא יֵעָבֵר Ezekiel 47:5 a stream which cannot be forded.
Pi.
1. Perfect 3rd person masculine singular שׁוֺרוֺ עִבַּר Job 21:10 his bull impregnateth (compare Late Hebrew)
**מְעֻבֶּרֶת pregnant, Yeb 4:1; 4:2; 7:3; Keth 1:9'; but note also that in
J and Talmud (both Aramaic and Hebrew)
עִבֵּר =
conceive,
עִבּוּר conception,
עוֺבֵר embryo; absolute (properly
causeth to pass over, that is
semen).
2. Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular וַיְעַבֵּר בְּ׳ 1 Kings 6:21 he made to pass across with chains of gold. —
Hithp. see [
עָבַר] below.
†
Hiph. Perfect 3rd person masculine singular הֶעֱבִיר 2 Samuel 12:13 +;
2nd person masculine singular הֵעֲבַ֫רְתָּ Joshua 7:7 (Ges
§ 63p),
וְהַעֲבַרְתָּ֫ Ezekiel 5:1 +;
1st person singular הֶעֱבַ֫רְתִּי Zechariah 3:4,
וְהַעֲבַרְתִּ֫י Ezekiel 20:37 +
Jeremiah 15:14 (but read
והעבדתי
![Targum](/assets-v3/images/lexicon/bdb/bdb_t.svg)
Manuscripts Ew Hi Gf Gie), etc.;
Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular וַיַּעֲבֵר Genesis 8:1 +,
וַיַּעֲבֶרֿ 2 Chronicles 36:22 =
Ezra 1:1, suffix
וַיַּעֲבִרֵנִי Ezekiel 46:21 +, etc.;
Imperative masculine singular
הַעֲבֵר Psalm 119:37 +
2 times,
הַעֲבֶרֿ 2 Samuel 24:10 =
1 Chronicles 21:8; masculine plural suffix
הַעֲבִירוּנִי 2 Chronicles 35:23;
Infinitive absolute הַעֲבִיר Joshua 7:7 (read probably
הַעֲבֵיר);
construct הַעֲבִיר 2 Samuel 3:10 +,
לַעֲבִיר 2 Samuel 19:19 (Ges
§ 53q), etc.;
Participle מַעֲבִיר Deuteronomy 18:10;
Daniel 11:20, plural
מַעֲבִרִים 1 Samuel 2:24 (see below); —
1. cause to pass over, bring over:
c. make over to (
ל), accusative of inheritance
Numbers 27:7,
8 (P); of
making over, dedicating, something to (
לְ) deity
Exodus 13:12 (J E; =
קִדַּשׂ). Especially...
2.
a. cause to pass through, with accusative +
בְּ Ezekiel 14:15;
Ezekiel 47:3,
4 +
Ezekiel 47:4 (where insert
בְּ, compare Co Berthol Toy),
Numbers 31:23 (twice in verse) (P); with accusative +
בְּתוֺךְ Psalm 136:14; with accusative of person alone
Psalm 78:13, +
אֶלֿ Ezekiel 46:21, +
עַדאֲֿשֶׁר Nehemiah 2:7; with accusative of (sound of)
שׁוֺפָר Leviticus 25:9 (H), +
בְּ Leviticus 25:9 (P); with accusative
קוֺל =
proclamation, +
בְּ Exodus 36:6 (P),
2 Chronicles 30:5;
36:22 =
Ezra 1:1;
Ezra 10:7)+
לִ person),
Nehemiah 8:15.
3.
b. let pass by, with accusative
מוֺעֵד Jeremiah 46:17 he hath let the set time pass by (in mocking appell. of Pharaoh).
d. cause to pass under rod, for counting,
Ezekiel 20:37 (compare
Qal 5 g).
4. Cause to pass away, take away, kingdom (accusative) +
מִן person
2 Samuel 3:10, compare
Esther 8:2, +
מֵעַל Jonah 3:6 (of putting off garment); with accusative of sin
2 Samuel 12:13;
2 Samuel 24:20 =
1 Chronicles 21:8;
Job 7:21, +
מֵעַל person
Zechariah 3:4;
Jeremiah 11:15 (reading
יַעֲבִרוּ מֵעַל Ew Gf Gie);
put away evil things (accusative) from (
מִן),
1 Kings 15:12 compare ||
2 Chronicles 15:8;
Zechariah 13:2;
Ecclesiastes 11:10; with accusative alone
Psalm 119:39;
Esther 8:3; also
take me away (suffix)
2 Chronicles 35:23 (with
מִן)
2 Chronicles 35:24;
turn away eyes (accusative) +
מִן Psalm 119:37. —
Genesis 47:21 read
הֶעֱבִיד לַעֲבָדִים SAM
![Vulgate](/assets-v3/images/lexicon/bdb/bdb_b.svg)
Ol Kn Di Kau Holz;
Jeremiah 15:14 read
וְהַעֲבַדְתִּיךָ
![Targum](/assets-v3/images/lexicon/bdb/bdb_t.svg)
Manuscripts Gie;
2 Samuel 12:31 read
וְהֶעֱבִיד Hoffm
ZAW ii (1882), 53 f. Gr Klo Bu Kit HPS, compare Dr Löhr;
2 Samuel 19:41 (for
ויעברו Kt,
הֶעֱבִרוּ Qr) read
עֹבְרִים ![Greek Version of the LXX](/assets-v3/images/lexicon/bdb/bdb_g.svg)
We Bu Löhr HPS,
וַיַּעַבְרוּ Kit (see
Qal 5 a);
Ezekiel 48:14 read
Qal (so Kt; see
Qal 6 e);
מַעֲבִרִים עַםיֿ׳ 1 Samuel 2:24 not good is the report which I hear
the people of י׳ spreading (compare
2), so Ew Th We Dr Kit Löhr RVm, but order of words difficult; > (ye)
make the people of י׳ transgress ![Vulgate](/assets-v3/images/lexicon/bdb/bdb_b.svg)
AV RV; text dubious;
נוֺגֵשׂ מַעֲבִיר Daniel 11:20 one causing an exactor to pass through Ew and others RV, Bev proposes
נוֺגֵשׂ מ׳ an exactor causing to pass away the glory, etc.
† [
עָבַר]
verb denominative Hithp. be arrogant, infuriate oneself; —
Perfect 3rd person masculine singular הִתְעַבָּ֑ר Psalm 78:62;
2nd person masculine singular הַתְעַבַּ֫רְתָּ Psalm 89:39;
Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular וַיִּתְעַבֵּר Deuteronomy 3:26,
וַיִּתְעַבָּ֑ר Psalm 78:21;
Psalm 78:59;
Participle מִתְעַבֵּר Proverbs 14:16;
Proverbs 26:17; suffix
מִתְעַבְּרוֺ Proverbs 20:2; —
2.
b. incite one
to fury for oneself Proverbs 20:2 (si vera lectio; compare De Ges
§ 54 f.).
See related Aramaic BDB entry
H5709.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
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