אָכַל 806 verb eat (Arabic
أَكَلَ, Assyrian
akâlu Dl
W, Aramaic
H399 אֲבַל,
LfkAe ) —
Qal Perfect אָכַל Exodus 34:28 +;
אָֽכְלָה Numbers 21:28 +; etc.
Imperfect יֹאכַל Genesis 49:27 +;
וַיּאֹ֫כַל Genesis 25:34 +;
וַיּאֹכַ֑ל Genesis 3:6 +;
יאֹכֵ֑ל Leviticus 21:22 +;
אֹכַל Genesis 24:33 +;
וָֽאֹכַ֫ל Genesis 27:33;
וְאֹכֵ֑ל Isaiah 44:19;
וָֽאֹכֵל Genesis 3:12,
13;
3rd person plural יאֹכְלוּ Genesis 32:33 +;
יאֹכֵ֑לוּ Deuteronomy 18:18 +; etc. (for
יוֺכְלוּ Ezekiel 42:5 read
יוצלו,
יאצלו Ew Co); suffix
יאֹכְלֶנּוּ Leviticus 7:6 +;
תּאֹבַלְכֶם Isaiah 33:11, etc., probably also
תְּאָכְלֵהוּ Job 20:26, either as secondary form from
תּאֹ׳ (Ew
§ 253 Di) or textual error (Ges
§ 68. 1) > Pi., Thes Kö
I, 389; or Po`el, Ki De MV;
Imperative אֱכוֺל 1 Kings 18:41 +, etc.;
Infinitive absolute אָכוֺל Genesis 2:16 +; construct
אֲכֹל Numbers 26:10 +
2 times;
לֶאֱכֹל Genesis 24:33 +;
לְאָכְלָה Jeremiah 12:9;
Participle אֹכֵל (
אוֺכֵל)
Genesis 39:6 +,
אֹכֶלֶת Exodus 24:17 +, etc. —
1. eat, human subject
Genesis 3:11,
18 + often; mostly with accusative
Exodus 16:35 +; also followed by
מִן־ (
eat of, — some of, — or
from)
Exodus 34:15;
Ruth 2:14 +; followed by
בְּ (
eat of or
at)
Exodus 12:43f; absolute
Deuteronomy 2:6 +; as act of worship
Genesis 31:54 (compare
Genesis 46:1)
Exodus 18:12;
Exodus 24:11;
Exodus 34:15;
Deuteronomy 12:7,
18;
Deuteronomy 14:23,
26 +; compare of priests
Exodus 29:32;
Leviticus 10:13 +; compare
אָבַל אֶל־הֶהָרִים Ezekiel 18:6,
11,
15;
Ezekiel 22:9 +
Ezekiel 33:25 עַל־הַדָּם Co
עַל־הֶהָרִים; (but RS
Rel. Semitic i. 324 N would emend first 4 by last);
eat up, finish eating
Genesis 43:2 (with
בלה)
1 Kings 13:28 +;
אָכַל לֶחֶם = take a meal
Genesis 43:25;
Exodus 2:20;
1 Samuel 20:24;
Jeremiah 41:1 +; so
א׳ alone
Genesis 43:16;
1 Samuel 20:5 +;
לֶחֶם א׳ =
eat, get food Genesis 3:19;
2 Kings 4:8 +;
Amos 7:12 (i.e. spend one's life) compare
Ecclesiastes 5:16;
ל׳ לֹא א׳ i.e.
fast 1 Samuel 28:20;
1 Samuel 30:12;
Ezra 10:6 compare
Daniel 10:3; figurative
אֶת־בְּשָׂרוֺ א׳ Ecclesiastes 4:5 (i.e. waste away); eat words
Jeremiah 15:16 (i.e. eagerly receive); of adultery,
Proverbs 30:20 אָֽוֶן׃ לֹא־פָעַלְתִּי וְאָֽמְרָה פִּ֑יהָ וּמָֽחֲתָה אָֽכְלָה; eat (taste) good fortune,
בַּטּוֺב א׳ Job 21:25;
לְמִּי אָבְלוֺ according to his eating, i.e. according to his needs in eating
Exodus 12:4;
Exodus 16:16,
18 also
Exodus 16:21; compare
Job 20:21 & below
אָכְלָה;
אָכַל הַפְּרִי 2 Kings 19:29;
Amos 9:14, of peaceful enjoyment of results of labour; figurative of receiving consequences of action, good or bad
Proverbs 1:31;
Proverbs 18:21;
Hosea 10:13 compare
אֶת־כַּסְפֵּנוּ גַּם־אָכוֺל וַיּאֹכַל Genesis 31:15 i.e. he has reaped all the benefit, compare
Hosea 7:9; figurative of mourner,
אֵפֶר כַּלֶּחֶם אָכָ֑לְתִּי Psalm 102:10 (compare
Psalm 80:6 Hiph., & Assyrian
akâl al âkul, bikîtum kurmatî = food I ate not, weeping (was) my refreshment Hpt
ASKT 166 f. Obsev. 1. 21, 22 Zim
BP 34. 42); of gods, partaking of sacrifices
Deuteronomy 32:38; figurative = destroy
Deuteronomy 7:16 (compare
Numbers 14:9); compare
Jeremiah 10:25;
Jeremiah 30:16;
Jeremiah 50:7;
Hosea 7:7.
2. of beasts, birds, etc.,
eat, devour;
Genesis 37:20,
33;
Genesis 40:17,
19;
1 Kings 13:28;
1 Kings 14:11;
1 Kings 16:4;
1 Kings 21:23,
24;
Hosea 2:14 +; specifically of locusts
Joel 1:4;
Joel 2:25;
2 Chronicles 7:13 compare
Amos 4:9; moth
Job 13:28; flies
Psalm 78:45; worms
Deuteronomy 28:39; also
Ezekiel 19:3,
6 (of Israel under figure of lion), compare
Jeremiah 50:7,
17;
Jeremiah 51:34; also
Hosea 13:8 (of
י׳ under fig, of lion),
Ezekiel 22:25 (
נֶפֶשׁ אָכָ֑לוּ, of false prophets under figure of lion).
3. figurative of fire,
devour, consume Leviticus 6:3 (followed by 2 accusative
consume offering to
ashes)
Nahum 3:13;
Isaiah 5:24 (in simile), particular of fire from
י׳ Leviticus 10:2;
Leviticus 16:25;
Judges 9:15f 1 Kings 18:38;
2 Kings 1:10,
12,
14;
2 Chronicles 7:1; compare
Amos 1:4,
7,
10,
12,
14;
Amos 2:2,
5;
Amos 5:6 +;
Deuteronomy 5:22 of fire at Sinai; of
י׳ as fire (in judgment)
Deuteronomy 4:24 אֱלֹהֶיךָ אֵשׁ אֹכְלָה הוּא כִּי י׳; compare
Deuteronomy 9:3;
Isaiah 10:17 (||
בּער)
Isaiah 30:27,
30;
Isaiah 33:14 (||
מוֺקְדֵי עוֺלָם).
†
Niph. Perfect וְנֶאֱבַל consecutive
Exodus 22:5 Imperfect יֵאָכֵל Genesis 6:21 +;
וַיֵּאָכֵ֫ל Numbers 12:12, etc.;
Infinitive absolute הֵאָבֹל Leviticus 7:18;
Leviticus 19:7;
Participle feminine
נֶאֱכֶ֫לֶת Leviticus 11:47; —
Pu. Perfect אֻכְּלוּ be consumed with fire
Nehemiah 2:3,
13 compare
Nahum 1:10 (figurative); so
Participle אֻכָּל (=
מְאֻכָּל Ew
§ 169 d)
Exodus 3:2; by sword
Isaiah 1:20 תְּאֻכְּלוּ.
†
Hiph. Perfect 2nd person masculine singular suffix
הֶאֱכַלְתָּם Psalm 80:6,
וְהַאֲכַלְתִּ֫י Isaiah 49:26; suffix
וְהַאֲכַלְתִּיךָ consecutive
Isaiah 58:14;
הֶאֱכַלְתִּיח Ezekiel 16:19;
וְהַאֲכַלְתִּים consecutive
Jeremiah 19:9;
Imperfect suffix
יַאֲכִלֵנוּ Numbers 11:4,
18, etc.;
2nd person masculine singular jussive [?]
תַּאֲכֵל;
1st person singular אוֺכִיל Hosea 11:4;
Imperative הַאֲכִילֵהוּ Proverbs 25:21, etc.;
Infinitive לְהָכִיל Ezekiel 21:33 (but Co
לההל, which see);
Participle מַאֲבִיל Jeremiah 23:15, etc.; —
2. cause to devour, object sword
Ezekiel 21:33 [
Ezekiel 21:28] (but on text see Co).
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
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