יָדַע 943 verb know (Late Hebrew
id., Aramaic
H3046 יְדַע ; Phoenician
ידע; Ethiopic
II. I.
indicate, announce, narrate; Assyrian
idû,
know, COT
Gloss; Sabean
ידע, especially in compound proper name DHM
ZMG 1875, 612) —
Qal Perfect יָדַע Genesis 4:1 +;
יָדָ֑ע Leviticus 5:1 +; suffix
יְדָעוֺ Deuteronomy 34:10;
Job 28:7;
יְדָעָהּ Genesis 24:16;
1 Kings 1:4;
יְדָעָ֫נוּ Isaiah 63:16;
3rd person feminine singular יָָֽדְעָה Judges 11:39 +
4 times;
2nd person masculine singular יָדַעְתָּ Genesis 30:26 +;
יָדַ֫עְתָּה 2 Samuel 2:26;
יָדַ֫עַתְּ Ruth 2:11;
1 Kings 2:15;
יָדָ֑עַתְּ Jeremiah 50:24;
וְיָדַ֫עַתְּ consecutive
Ruth 3:4 +
6 times (including
Ezekiel 22:16, Co
וִידַעְתֶּם, so
) +
Ezekiel 28:22 Co (for
וְיָֽֽֽדְעוּ), so
;
יָדַ֫עְתִּי Genesis 4:9 +; suffix
יְדַעְתִּ֫יךָ Exodus 33:12 +
2 times;
יְדַעְתִּיו Genesis 18:19;
יְדַעְתִּים Proverbs 30:18;
יְדַעְתִּין Isaiah 48:7;
יָָֽדְעוּ Genesis 19:8 +;
יָדָ֑עוּ 2 Kings 4:39 +;
יָָֽדְעוּן Deuteronomy 8:3,
Deuteronomy 8:16 (Dr
§ 6 n.);
2nd person masculine plural יְדַעְתֶּם Genesis 44:15 +;
2nd person feminine plural יְדַעְתֶּן Genesis 31:6;
וִידַעְתֶּן consecutive
Ezekiel 13:21,
Ezekiel 13:23, etc.;
Imperfect יֵדַע Isaiah 7:16 +;
יֵדָ֑ע Joshua 22:22 +
5 times;
וְיֵדָ֑ע Psalm 138:6 (read probably
יֵידָ֑ע see Ges
§ 69, 2 R, 3);
וַיֵּ֫דַע Genesis 4:17 +; suffix
יֵֽֽֽדָעֶנּוּ Jeremiah 17:9;
וְיֵֽֽֽדָעֵם Hosea 14:10 [
Hosea 14:9]
Imperative דַּע Genesis 20:7 +
10 times;
דְּעֶה Proverbs 24:14;
דָּ֑ע Ecclesiastes 11:9; suffix
דָּעֵ֫הוּ Proverbs 3:6;
דְּעִי Jeremiah 2:19 +
4 times;
דְּעוּ Numbers 32:23 +
15 times;
Infinitive construct דֵּעָה Exodus 2:4;
דַּ֫עַת Genesis 3:22 +;
דַּעְתִּי Deuteronomy 9:24, etc.;
Infinitive absolute יָדוֺעַ Genesis 43:7;
Joshua 23:13;
יַדֹעַ Genesis 15:13 +
11 times;
Participle active יֹדֵעַ Genesis 3:5 +; feminine
יֹדַ֫עַת Numbers 31:17 +
2 times;
יֹדְעִים 2 Kings 17:26 +;
passive וִידוּעַ construct
Isaiah 53:3; plural
וִידֻעִים Deuteronomy 1:13,
Deuteronomy 1:15; —
1.
a. know, learn to know, good and evil
Genesis 3:22 (J), followed by
אֶתאֲֿשֶׁר 1 Samuel 28:9;
הָעָם מִסְפַּר 2 Samuel 24:2;
anything מְאוּמָה 1 Samuel 20:39;
לֹא יָדַע אִתּוֺ מְאוּמָה Genesis 36:6 (see II.
אֵךְ 1. b), so
Genesis 36:8;
כָּלדָּֿבָר 2 Samuel 15:11, subject God, knowing fowls
Psalm 50:11; way to wisdom
Job 28:23; etc.; of bird of prey
נָתִיב לֹא יְדָעוֺ עָ֑יִט Job 28:7; the price of wisdom
Job 28:13; something future
יום מוֺתִי Genesis 27:2 (J); especially followed by clause
Genesis 12:11 (J)
I know that thou art a woman of fair appearance,
Genesis 22:12 (E),
Ecclesiastes 1:17;
לֹא ידעתי Genesis 28:16; answering question where? without other object,
Genesis 4:9 (both J); followed by accusative +
בְּ,
in, in the matter of (see
בְּ I 2 b)
לֹא יָדַע עַבְדְּךָ בְּכָלֿ זֹאת דָּבָר קָטֹן אוֺ גדוֺל 1 Samuel 22:15 thy servant knoweth not of all this anything, little or much; followed by
בְּ (rare),
gain knowledge of, learn of or
about, with infinitive
הֲתֵדַע בְּשׂוּםאֱֿלוֺהַּ עֲלֵיהֶם Job 37:15 dost thou know about God's enjoining upon them? also with substantive
אִישׁ אַליֵֿדַע בַּדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה Jeremiah 38:24 let not a man know of these words; similarly followed by
עַל, only
הֲתֵדַע עַלמִֿפְלְשֵׂיעָֿ֑ב Job 37:16 dost thou know concerning the balancings of clouds? (in
Job 12:9 בְּ is instrumental, as
Genesis 15:8;
Psalm 41:12 [
Psalm 41:11]); followed by
מִן,
הַמַּחֲבֹאִים רְאוּ וּדְעוּ מִכָּלֿ 1 Samuel 23:23 observe and get knowledge of all the hiding-places; but followed by object clause +
מִן of source,
קֶדֶם יָדַעְתִּי מֵעֵדֹתֶ֑יךָ כִּי Psalm 119:152 long ago I gained knowledge out of thy testimonies that etc.; followed by
לְ,
have knowledge of,
יָדַעְתָּ לְאִוַּלְתִּי Psalm 69:6 [
Psalm 69:5]
thou knowest my foolishness; especially
יהוה וידע כי אני and he shall (
thou shalt, etc.)
know that I am Yahweh Exodus 10:2 (R),
Exodus 6:7;
Exodus 14:4;
Exodus 16:12;
Exodus 29:46 (all P),
Ezekiel 6:7,
Ezekiel 6:10,
Ezekiel 6:13 — Ezekiel;
1 Kings 20:13,
1 Kings 20:28; followed by accusative, which is really subject of following clause,
Genesis 18:19 (J)
I know him that he will, etc.
2 Samuel 3:25 (Ges
§ 117. 1, R. 6).
b. perceive Genesis 19:33,
Genesis 19:35 (J; object clause infinitive with
בְּ); with added idea of
observing, taking note of, a place, accusative
Ruth 3:4; with
בְּ,
יָדַעְתָּ בְּצָרוֺת נַפְשִׁי Psalm 31:8 [
Psalm 31:7] (||
רָאָה אֶתֿ).
d. discriminate, distinguish הַאֵדַע בֵּיןטֿוֺב לְרָ֑ע 2 Samuel 19:36 [
2 Samuel 19:35], compare
Deuteronomy 1:29 (no
בֵּין);
לֹא יָֽֽֽדְעוּ בֵיןיְֿמִינוֺ לִשְׂמאֹלוֺ Jonah 4:11 they cannot distinguish between their right hand and their left.
2. know a person,
be acquainted with Genesis 29:5 (J),
Exodus 1:8 (E),
Job 42:11,
know י׳ Job 24:1; with
לֹא, object especially other gods, strange land, etc. = have no knowledge of, or acquaintance with, have not heard of, especially Deuteronomy, Jeremiah: —
Deuteronomy 11:28;
Deuteronomy 13:3 [
Deuteronomy 13:2];
Deuteronomy 13:7 [
Deuteronomy 13:6];
Deuteronomy 13:14 [
Deuteronomy 13:13];
Deuteronomy 28:64;
Deuteronomy 29:25 [
Deuteronomy 29:26];
Deuteronomy 32:17 (poem),
Jeremiah 7:9;
Jeremiah 9:15 [
Jeremiah 9:16];
Jeremiah 14:18;
Jeremiah 16:13;
Jeremiah 17:4;
Jeremiah 19:4;
Jeremiah 22:28;
Jeremiah 44:3; participle active
acquaintance Job 19:13; passive participle
acquainted with אִישׁ מַכְאֹבוֺת וִידוּעַ חֹ֑לִי Isaiah 53:3 (literally
known of sickness, see Thes Ew Che Di Du);
well-known (with implied trustworthiness)
Deuteronomy 1:13,
Deuteronomy 1:15 †; of beasts
knowing owner and master's crib
Isaiah 1:3 (compare
Jeremiah 8:7); especially of knowing God (
י׳ׅ)
לֹא יָדַעְתִּי (
י אֶתיֿ׳ Exodus 5:2 (J); involving intelligent worship, obedience, etc.
Judges 2:10;
1 Samuel 2:12 (read
יֵדַע for MT
יָדַע Dr),
1 Samuel 3:7;
Hosea 2:22 [
Hosea 2:20];
Hosea 8:2;
Hosea 5:4;
Job 18:21;
Psalm 79:6 (see also
דַּעַת 2 b); of God's
knowing persons etc., throughly
Hosea 5:3;
Job 11:11; knowing the heart
1 Kings 8:39;
2 Chronicles 6:30;
Psalm 139:4;
knowing his true servants,
recognising and
acknowledgingthem
2 Samuel 7:20;
Nahum 1:7;
1 Chronicles 17:18 +;
יְדַעְתִּיךָ בְּשֵׁם Exodus 33:12 (JE); =
take notice of, regardPsalm 1:6; [
Psalm 31:7];
Psalm 37:18; so of Israel as chosen people
Amos 3:2;
Hosea 13:5 (Assyrian
idûšu, God regardeth him, Hpt
BAS i, 15) compare
Genesis 18:19 (J).
3. know a personcarnally, of sexual intercourse, followed by accusative: man subject
Genesis 4:1,
Genesis 4:17,
Genesis 4:25;
Genesis 24:16;
Genesis 38:26 (all J),
1 Samuel 1:19;
Judges 19:25;
1 Kings 1:4; woman subject
Genesis 19:8 (J),
Numbers 31:17,
Numbers 31:18,
Numbers 31:35 (all P),
Judges 11:39;
יֹדַעַת מִשְׁכַּב זָכָר Judges 21:11;
לֹא יָֽֽֽדְעָה אִישׁ לְמִשְׁכַּב זָכָר Judges 21:12; man subject and object (of sodomy)
Genesis 19:5 (J),
Judges 19:22.
4.
†
Niph. Perfect נוֺדַע Genesis 41:21 +
10 times;
וְנוֺדַע consecutive
1 Samuel 6:3 +
2 times;
3rd person feminine singular וְנוֺדְעָה Leviticus 4:14;
Isaiah 66:14, etc.;
Imperfect יִוָּדַע Genesis 41:31 +
10 times;
יִוָּדֵ֑עַ Proverbs 10:9;
וַיִּוָּדַ֫ע Esther 2:22;
3rd person feminine singularתִּוָּדֵ֑עַ Proverbs 14:33;
2nd person feminine singular תִּוָּֽֽֽדְעִי Ruth 3:3;
וָאִוָּדַע Ezekiel 20:5;
Infinitive suffix
הִוָּֽֽֽדְעִי Jeremiah 31:19;
Participle נוֺדָע Psalm 76:2 [
Psalm 76:1] +
2 times; —
1. be made known, beor
become known, of things
Genesis 41:31 (followed by
בְּ),
Exodus 2:14 (both E),
Leviticus 4:14 (P),
Judges 16:9;
2 Samuel 17:19;
Nahum 3:17;
Zechariah 14:7 (followed by
לְ),
Psalm 77:20 [
Psalm 77:19];
Psalm 79:10 [
Psalm 77:9] (followed by
בְּ);
Psalm 88:13 [
Psalm 88:12] (followed by
בְּ); of hand of
י׳ Isaiah 66:14 (followed by
אֶת); with subject clause
Exodus 21:36;
Exodus 33:16 (both J E),
Deuteronomy 21:1;
1 Samuel 6:3 (followed by
לְ),
1 Kings 18:36;
Ezekiel 36:32 (followed by
לְ)
Ruth 3:14;
Ecclesiastes 6:10;
Esther 2:22 (followed by
לְ); of person,
Proverbs 31:23 (followed by
בְּ)
Isaiah 61:9 (followed by
בְּ and
בְּתוֺךְ); of
י׳ Psalm 76:2 [
Psalm 76:1] (followed by
בְּ); =
be revealed, discovered, of person
1 Samuel 22:6;
Jeremiah 28:9;
Proverbs 10:9; of things
Nehemiah 4:9 [
Nehemiah 4:15];
Proverbs 12:16;
Proverbs 14:33.
4. be instructed (passive of
Hiph.)
Jeremiah 31:19, in spiritual sense, through chastisement.
Pi. Perfect 2nd person masculine singular יִדַּ֫עְתָּ, only
ידעתה שַׁחַר מקֹמוֺ Job 38:12 Kt; read with Qr
יִדַּעְתָּ הַשַּׁחַר cause to know, followed by 2 accusative; so
Psalm 104:19 according to Bae, who reads
יִדַּע, after Aq Symm.
†Po. Perfect יוֺדַעְתִּי 1 Samuel 21:3 [
1 Samuel 21:2]
I have caused to know, i.e. directed, followed by accusative, but read
יוֺעַדְתִּי or
יָעַדְתִּי, from
יעד, so
We Dr.
Pu. Participle known מידעת Isaiah 12:5 Kt (Qr
מוּדַעַת see
Hoph.); elsewhere as substantive =
acquaintance מְיֻדָּעִי Psalm 55:14 [
Psalm 55:13];
מְיֻדָּעָיו 2 Kings 10:11;
מְיֻדָּעַי Psalm 88:9 [
Psalm 88:8];
Job 19:14 (||
קְרוֺבָ֑י),
Psalm 88:19 [
Psalm 88:18] (||
אֹהֵב and
רֵעַ);
מְיֻדָּעָ֑י Psalm 31:12 [
Psalm 31:11], Kt
מידע Ruth 2:1 (Qr
מוֺדַע which see below).
Hiph. Perfect הוֺדִיעַ Psalm 98:2;
הוֺדִיעַ֫נִי Jeremiah 11:18;
הוֺדַ֫עְתָּ 1 Kings 1:27 +
2 times;
הוֺדָ֑עְתָּ Job 26:3, etc.;
Imperfect יוֺדִיעַ Psalm 103:7;
Isaiah 38:19;
jussive יֹדַ֫ע Numbers 16:5;
וַיֹּדַע Judges 8:16;
יוֺדִיעֶנּוּ Isaiah 40:13,
Isaiah 40:14;
2nd person masculine singular תּוֺדִיעַ Habakkuk 3:2;
תּוֺדִיעֵנִי Psalm 16:11;
Psalm 51:8 [
Psalm 51:6];
1st person singular אוֺדִיעַ Psalm 89:2 [
Psalm 89:1];
Ezekiel 39:7;
אוֺדִיעָה Proverbs 1:23;
Isaiah 5:5;
יוֺדִיעוּ Job 32:7;
יוֺדִעֻם Ezekiel 44:23;
נוֺדִיעָה 1 Samuel 14:12;
Imperative הוֺדַע Proverbs 9:9 +
3 times (
הוֺדַ֑ע Psalm 90:12); suffix
הוֺדִיעֵנִי Job 10:2 +
6 times, etc.;
Infinitive construct הוֺדִיעַ 2 Samuel 7:21 +
3 times;
הֹדִיעַ 1 Chronicles 17:19;
הוֺדִיעֵנִי 1 Samuel 28:15, etc.;
Participle מוֺדִיְעֲךָ Daniel 8:19;
מוֺדִיעָם Jeremiah 16:21;
מוֺדִיעִים Isaiah 47:13;
2 Chronicles 23:13; —
make known, declare, with accusative of thing
Numbers 16:5 (P),
Ezekiel 39:7;
1 Chronicles 17:19;
Job 26:3;
Psalm 89:2 [
Psalm 89:1];
Psalm 98:2;
Psalm 106:8; object omitted
Habakkuk 3:2;
teach, with accusative of thing
Job 32:7; followed by infinitive
Psalm 90:12 and (peculiarly)
לְהַלֵּל מ׳ 2 Chronicles 23:13 i.e.
led in praising; with
לְ person
Proverbs 9:9; with accusative of person
Isaiah 40:13;
Judges 8:16 (but read
וַיָּ֫דָשׁ, see
דושׁ);
make known, declare, with accusative of thing, +
לְ person
Exodus 18:20;
Deuteronomy 4:9;
Nehemiah 8:12;
Nehemiah 9:14;
Psalm 78:5;
Psalm 103:7;
Psalm 145:12;
Isaiah 38:19;
Isaiah 64:1 [
Isaiah 64:2]; with clause of thing, +
לְ person
1 Samuel 10:8;
make one
know, with clause of thing and accusative (suffix) person
Exodus 33:12;
Deuteronomy 8:3;
1 Samuel 6:2;
1 Samuel 16:3;
1 Samuel 28:15;
Job 10:2;
Job 37:19; with accusative of thing + suffix person
הוֺדִעֵנִי נָא אֶתֿ דְּרָכֶ֔ךָ וְאֵדָעֲךָ Exodus 33:13 (JE)
make me, I pray, to know thy ways, that I may know thee;
Jeremiah 16:21;
Ezekiel 20:4;
Ezekiel 22:2;
Ezekiel 43:11;
Isaiah 40:14 (||
וַיְלַמְּדֵהוּ דַעַת, also
Proverbs 22:21a וַיְבִינֵהוּ),
Proverbs 22:21;
Job 13:23;
Psalm 16:11;
Psalm 25:4 (||
לַמְּדֵנִי),
Psalm 25:14 (on infinitive with
לְ see Ges
§114. 2, R. 2, Exx),
Psalm 39:5 [
Psalm 39:4];
Psalm 51:8 [
Psalm 51:6];
Psalm 143:8 (||
הַשְׁמִיעֵנִי);
חַטָּאתִי אוֺדִיעֲךָ Psalm 32:5 (||
עֲוֺנִי לֹאכִֿסִּיתִי); followed by 2 separate accusative
Genesis 41:39 (E),
1 Samuel 14:12;
Isaiah 5:5;
Ezekiel 20:11;
Ezekiel 16:2;
Proverbs 1:23;
Daniel 8:19; accusative of person omitted
Exodus 18:16 (E); accusative of thing omitted
Joshua 4:22 =
teach one (D), so
Isaiah 40:13;
2 Samuel 7:21;
1 Kings 1:27; =
answer Job 38:2;
Job 40:7;
Job 42:4; with suffix person, accusative of thing omitted
Jeremiah 11:18;
Jeremiah 16:21;
Proverbs 22:19; followed by accusative of thing +
בְּ Psalm 77:15 [
Psalm 77:14]
thou hast made known thy might among the peoples,
Isaiah 12:4;
1 Chronicles 18:8 =
Psalm 105:1; followed by clause +
בְּ person
Hosea 5:9; followed by
בֵּין,
teach the difference between, to discriminate between בֵּין הַטָּמֵא לְטָהוֺר Ezekiel 22:26; + suffix person
Ezekiel 44:23 (compare
Qal 1 d); followed by
מִן partitive
מוֺדִעִים לֶחֳדָשִׁים מֵאֲשֶׁר יָבוֺאוּ Isaiah 47:13 who declare, at the new moons, of (the things) which are to come.
†
Hoph. Perfect הוֺדַע Leviticus 4:23,
Leviticus 4:28 (see Kö
i, 427);
Participle מוּדַעַת Qr
Isaiah 12:5 (> Kt
מְידַֻּעַת); —
made known (Participle) Qr
Isaiah 12:5 let this
be made known in (
בְּ) all the earth (> Kt Punic Participle which is not elsewhere in this sense); followed by
אֵלָיו if his sin be
made known unto himself Leviticus 4:23,
Leviticus 4:28 (P).
Hithp. Imperfect אֶתְוַדָּ֑ע Numbers 12:6 (E); sq:
אֶלֿ make oneself known to, of
י׳;
Infinitive הִתְוַדַּע אֶלֿ Genesis 45:1 (E), of Joseph.
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