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Lexicon :: Strong's H2820 - ḥāśaḵ

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חָשַׂךְ
Transliteration
ḥāśaḵ
Pronunciation
khaw-sak'
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Part of Speech
verb
Root Word (Etymology)
A primitive root
Dictionary Aids

TWOT Reference: 765

Strong’s Definitions

חָשַׂךְ châsak, khaw-sak'; a primitive root; also interchangeable with H2821 to restrain or (reflexively) refrain; by implication, to refuse, spare, preserve; to observe:—assuage, × darken, forbear, hinder, hold back, keep (back), punish, refrain, reserve, spare, withhold.


KJV Translation Count — Total: 28x

The KJV translates Strong's H2820 in the following manner: spare (8x), keep back (3x), withhold (3x), refrain (3x), asswage (2x), reserved (2x), hold back (1x), variant (1x), forbear (1x), hindereth (1x), kept (1x), punished (1x), withholdeth (1x).

KJV Translation Count — Total: 28x
The KJV translates Strong's H2820 in the following manner: spare (8x), keep back (3x), withhold (3x), refrain (3x), asswage (2x), reserved (2x), hold back (1x), variant (1x), forbear (1x), hindereth (1x), kept (1x), punished (1x), withholdeth (1x).
  1. to withhold, restrain, hold back, keep in check, refrain

    1. (Qal)

      1. to withhold, keep back, keep for oneself, keep from, hold in check, refrain, spare, reserve

      2. to restrain, check

    2. (Niphal) to assuage, be spared

Strong’s Definitions [?](Strong’s Definitions Legend)
חָשַׂךְ châsak, khaw-sak'; a primitive root; also interchangeable with H2821 to restrain or (reflexively) refrain; by implication, to refuse, spare, preserve; to observe:—assuage, × darken, forbear, hinder, hold back, keep (back), punish, refrain, reserve, spare, withhold.
STRONGS H2820: Abbreviations
חָשַׂךְ verb withhold, refrain (Late Hebrew חָסַךְ, Aramaic חֲסַךְ, Kfso; Palmyrene חסך remit, spare, VogNos. 6, 15; Sabean משחכן weaned (child) DHMZMG 1875, 608) —
Qal Perfect חָשַׂךְ Genesis 39:9 + 4 times (+ Ezekiel 30:18 Ba; see חשׁך; Isaiah 38:17 see below), חָשָׂ֑ךְ Isaiah 14:6, חָֽשְׂכוּ Job 30:10, חָשָׂ֑כוּ Jeremiah 14:10, etc.; Imperfect יַחְשׂךְ Job 16:5 + 2 times; 2nd person masculine singular תַּחְשׂךְ Isaiah 58:1, תַּחְשׂוֺךְ Proverbs 24:11; 2nd person feminine singular תַּחְשׂ֑כִי Isaiah 54:2, etc.; Imperative חֲשׂךְ Psalm 19:14; Participle חֹשֵׂךְ Proverbs 10:19; Proverbs 11:24; חוֺשֵׂךְ Proverbs 13:24; Proverbs 17:27; followed by —
1. a. withhold, keep back, keep for oneself, accusative, Genesis 22:12 (E), Genesis 22:16; Genesis 39:9 (followed by מִמֶּגִּי; both J); absolute Proverbs 21:26 (opposed to נָתַן); withhold the rod (שׁבט) in discipline, Proverbs 13:24; no object expressed Proverbs 11:24; Proverbs 24:11.
b. keep one from evil, calamity, She'ôl, etc., with accusative and מִן Genesis 20:6 (E), 1 Samuel 25:39; Psalm 19:14; מִמָּוֶת נַפְשָׁם ח׳ Psalm 78:50 compare Job 33:18; Isaiah 38:7 (read חָשַׂכְתָּ or חֲשׂךְ for MT חָשַׁקְתָּ, see חשׁק); absolute hinder (i.e. calamities from coming) Isaiah 14:6; לְמַטָח מֵעֲוֺנֵנוּ ח׳ Ezra 9:13 thou hast kept back, downward (= and kept down), part of our iniquity, i.e. hast not punished us according to our full desert.
c. hold in check with accusative 2 Samuel 18:16 (or spare see below); object רַגְלֵיהֶם Jeremiah 14:10; especially of keeping silence, object מִּי Job 7:11 restrain my mouth, שׂפתים Proverbs 10:19, אמרים Proverbs 17:27; רֹק ח׳ לֹא מִפָּנַי Job 30:10 from my face they have not withheld spittle (= they have spit in my face).
d. refrain (from doing what is mentioned in the context), absolute Isaiah 54:2; Isaiah 58:1.
e. spare, with accusative of person 2 Kings 5:20 he hath spared Naaman מִקַּחַת so as not to take (= and hath not taken anything) out of his hand; perhaps also 2 Samuel 18:16 Joab spared the people (see above).
f. reserve for, with accusative + לְ Job 38:23.
2. (absolute) restrain, check (pain) i.e. assuage, so apparently MT Job 16:5 (see Di Kau; I would not restrain condolence of my lips, Greek Version of the LXX Syriac Version Me, reading לא אחשׂך for יחשׂך). — Ezekiel 30:18 see חשׁך.
Niph. Imperfect לְיוֺם אֵיד יֵחָשֶׂךְרָֿע Job 21:30 at the day of calamity the wicked is spared (passive of Qal 1 e); יֵחָשֵׂךְ Job 16:6 be assuaged, of pain (pass of Qal 2).
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
Copyright © 2002, 2003, 2006 by Biblesoft, Inc.
All rights reserved. Used by permission. BibleSoft.com

BLB Scripture Index of Brown-Driver-Briggs

Genesis

20:6; 22:12; 22:16; 39:9; 39:9

1 Samuel

25:39

2 Samuel

18:16; 18:16

2 Kings

5:20

Ezra

9:13

Job

7:11; 16:5; 16:5; 16:6; 21:30; 30:10; 30:10; 33:18; 38:23

Psalms

19:14; 19:14; 78:50

Proverbs

10:19; 10:19; 11:24; 11:24; 13:24; 13:24; 17:27; 17:27; 21:26; 24:11; 24:11

Isaiah

14:6; 14:6; 38:7; 38:17; 54:2; 54:2; 58:1; 58:1

Jeremiah

14:10; 14:10

Ezekiel

30:18; 30:18

Word / Phrase / Strong's Search

Strong's Number H2820 matches the Hebrew חָשַׂךְ (ḥāśaḵ),
which occurs 27 times in 27 verses in the WLC Hebrew.

Unchecked Copy BoxGen 20:6 - Then God said to him in the dream, “Yes, I know you did this in the integrity of your heart, for it was I who kept you back and spared you from sinning against Me; therefore I did not give you an opportunity to touch her.
Unchecked Copy BoxGen 22:12 - The LORD said, “Do not reach out [with the knife in] your hand against the boy, and do nothing to [harm] him; for now I know that you fear God [with reverence and profound respect], since you have not withheld from Me your son, your only son [of promise].”
Unchecked Copy BoxGen 22:16 - and said, “By Myself (on the basis of Who I Am) I have sworn [an oath], declares the LORD, that since you have done this thing and have not withheld [from Me] your son, your only son [of promise],
Unchecked Copy BoxGen 39:9 - “He is not greater in this house than I am, nor has he kept anything from me except you, because you are his wife. How then could I do this great evil and sin against God [and your husband]?”
Unchecked Copy Box1Sa 25:39 -

When David heard that Nabal was dead, he said, “Blessed be the LORD, who has pleaded the cause of my reproach [suffered] at the hand of Nabal and has kept His servant from [retaliating with] evil. For the Lord has returned the wickedness of Nabal on his own head.” Then David sent word to Abigail, proposing to take her as his wife.

Unchecked Copy Box2Sa 18:16 -

Then Joab blew the trumpet [to signal the end of the combat], and the men returned from pursuing Israel, for Joab held them back.

Unchecked Copy Box2Ki 5:20 -

when Gehazi, the servant of Elisha the man of God, said, “My master has spared this Naaman the Aramean (Syrian), by not accepting from him what he brought. As the LORD lives, I will run after him and get something from him.”

Unchecked Copy BoxEzr 9:13 - “And after everything that has come upon us for our evil deeds and for our great guilt, since You our God have punished us less than our wrongdoings deserve, and have given us survivors like these,
Unchecked Copy BoxJob 7:11 -

“Therefore I will not restrain my mouth;

I will speak in the anguish of my spirit,

I will complain in the bitterness of my soul [O Lord].

Unchecked Copy BoxJob 16:5 -

[But instead] I could strengthen and encourage you with [the words of] my mouth,

And the consolation and solace of my lips would soothe your suffering and lessen your anguish.

Unchecked Copy BoxJob 16:6 -

“If I speak [to you miserable comforters], my pain is not relieved;

And if I refrain [from speaking], what [pain or anguish] leaves me?

Unchecked Copy BoxJob 21:30 -

“That evil men are [now] reserved for the day of disaster and destruction,

They will be led away on the day of [God’s] wrath?

Unchecked Copy BoxJob 30:10 -

“They hate me, they stand aloof from me,

And do not refrain from spitting in my face.

Unchecked Copy BoxJob 33:18 -

He holds back his soul from the pit [of destruction],

And his life from passing over into Sheol (the nether world, the place of the dead).

Unchecked Copy BoxJob 38:23 -

Which I have reserved for the time of trouble,

For the day of battle and war?

Unchecked Copy BoxPsa 19:13 -

Also keep back Your servant from presumptuous (deliberate, willful) sins;

Let them not rule and have control over me.

Then I will be blameless (complete),

And I shall be acquitted of great transgression.

Unchecked Copy BoxPsa 78:50 -

He leveled a path for His anger [to give it free run];

He did not spare their souls from death,

But turned over their lives to the plague.

Unchecked Copy BoxPro 10:19 -

When there are many words, transgression and offense are unavoidable,

But he who controls his lips and keeps thoughtful silence is wise.

Unchecked Copy BoxPro 11:24 -

There is the one who [generously] scatters [abroad], and yet increases all the more;

And there is the one who withholds what is justly due, but it results only in want and poverty.

Unchecked Copy BoxPro 13:24 -

He who withholds the rod [of discipline] hates his son,

But he who loves him disciplines and trains him diligently and appropriately [with wisdom and love].

Unchecked Copy BoxPro 17:27 -

He who has knowledge restrains and is careful with his words,

And a man of understanding and wisdom has a cool spirit (self-control, an even temper).

Unchecked Copy BoxPro 21:26 -

He craves all the day long [and does no work],

But the righteous [willingly] gives and does not withhold [what he has].

Unchecked Copy BoxPro 24:11 -

Rescue those who are being taken away to death,

And those who stagger to the slaughter, Oh hold them back [from their doom]!

Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 14:6 -

Which used to strike the peoples in anger with incessant blows,

Which subdued and ruled the nations in wrath with unrelenting persecution.

Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 54:2 -

“Enlarge the site of your tent [to make room for more children];

Stretch out the curtains of your dwellings, do not spare them;

Lengthen your tent ropes

And make your pegs (stakes) firm [in the ground].

Unchecked Copy BoxIsa 58:1 -

“Cry aloud, do not hold back;

Lift up your voice like a trumpet,

And declare to My people their transgression

And to the house of Jacob their sins.

Unchecked Copy BoxJer 14:10 -

Thus says the LORD to this people [Judah], “In the manner and to the degree [already pointed out] they have loved to wander; they have not restrained their feet. Therefore the LORD does not accept them; He will now remember [in detail] their wickedness and punish them for their sins.”

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