ἵστημι, more rarely
ἱστάω (((from
Herodotus down; cf.
Veitch, under the word))
ἱστῶμεν,
Romans 3:31 R G) and
ἱστάνω (((late; cf.
Veitch, under the word))
ἱστάνομεν,
Romans 3:31 L T Tr WH) (cf.
Buttmann, 44f (38f);
Winers Grammar, § 14,1f.; 87 (83);
WHs Appendix, p. 168;
Veitch, p. 337f); future
στήσω; 1 aorist
ἔστησα; 2 aorist
ἔστην, imperative
στῆθι, infinitive
στῆναι, participle
στάς; perfect
ἕστηκα (with present force;
Winer's Grammar, 274 (257)), infinitive
ἑστάναι (
Relz st bez G Tr ἑστάναι in
Acts 12:14) (nowhere
ἑστηκεναι), participle masculine
ἑστηκώς with neuter
ἑστηκός, and in the shorter form
ἑστώς,
ἑστῶσα (
John 8:9), with neuter
ἑστώς and (
L T Tr WH in
Matthew 24:15 (here
Rst also);
Revelation 14:1)
ἑστός (cf. Alexander
Buttmann (1873) Ausf. Spr. ii., p. 208; (Rutherford,
Babrius, p. 39f;
Winers Grammar, § 14, 1 i.;
Buttmann, 48 (41))); pluperfect
εἱστήκειν ((but
WH uniformly
ἱστ.; see Iota) with force of imperfect
Winer's Grammar, 274 (257)), 3 person plural
εἱστήκεισαν (
Matthew 12:46;
John 18:18;
Acts 9:7 and
L T Tr WH in
Revelation 7:11) and
ἑστήκεσαν (
Revelation 7:11 R G (cf.
Winers Grammar, § 14, 1 a.; yet
Buttmann, 43 (38))); passive, 1 aorist
ἐστάθην; 1 future
σταθήσομαι; 1 future middle
στήσομαι (
Revelation 18:15);
I. Transitively in the present, imperfect, future, and 1 aorist active; likewise in the tenses of the passive (cf.
Buttmann, 47 (41) contra
Winers Grammar, 252 (237)) (the
Sept. for
הֶעֱמִיד,
הֵקִים,
הִצִּיב); (from
Homer down);
to cause or make to stand; to place, put, set;
1. universally,
α. properly,
τινα,
to bid to stand by (set up):
Acts 1:23;
Acts 6:13; in the presence of others:
ἐν μέσῳ, in the midst,
John 8:3, and
ἐν τῷ μέσῳ,
Acts 4:7;
ἐνώπιον τίνος,
Acts 6:6; before judges:
εἰς αὐτούς, before the members of the Sanhedrin,
Acts 22:30;
ἐν τῷ συνεδρίῳ,
Acts 5:27;
ἐπί with the genitive of the judge, passive
σταθήσεσθε,
Mark 13:9;
τινα ἄμωμον κατενώπιον τίνος, to (set one i. e.) cause one to make his appearance faultless before etc.
Jude 1:24;
to place (i. e. designate the place for one to occupy):
ἐν μέσῳ τινων,
Matthew 18:2;
Mark 9:36;
παῥ ἑαυτῷ,
Luke 9:47;
ἐκ δεξιῶν,
Matthew 25:33;
ἐπί τί (accusative of place),
Matthew 4:5;
Luke 4:9. Middle
to place oneself, to stand (German
sich hinstellen,
hintreten):
ἀπό μακρόθεν,
Revelation 18:15; likewise in the passive:
σταθείς,
Luke 18:11,
40;
Luke 19:8; (
ἐστάθησαν σκυθρωποί they stood still,
looking sad, Luke 24:17 T WH Tr text (cf. II. 1 b.
β.));
Acts 2:14;
Acts 11:13; with
ἐν μέσῳ τίνος,
τινων, added,
Acts 17:22;
Acts 27:21;
σταθέντες, when they had appeared (before the judge),
Acts 25:18.
β. tropically,
to make firm, fix, establish:
τί,
τινα,
to cause a person or thing to keep his or its place; passive
to stand, be kept intact (of a family, a kingdom):
Matthew 12:25ff;
Luke 11:18; equivalent to
to escape in safety, Revelation 6:17; with
ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου added,
Luke 21:36;
στῆσαι τινα, to cause one to preserve a right state of mind,
Romans 14:4 (see Meyer); passive
σταθήσεται, shall be made to stand, i. e. shall be kept from falling, ibid.
τί,
to establish a thing, cause it to stand, i. e.
to uphold or sustain the authority or force of anything:
Hebrews 10:9 (opposed to
ἀναιρεῖν);
τήν παράδοσιν,
Mark 7:9;
τήν ἰδίαν δικαιοσύνην,
Romans 10:3;
τόν νόμον (opposed to
κατάργω),
Romans 3:31 (
τόν ὅρκον,
Genesis 26:3;
τήν διαθήκην,
Exodus 6:4;
1 Macc. 2:27). equivalent to
to ratify, confirm:
σταθῇ,
σταθήσεται πᾶν ῤῆμα,
Matthew 18:16;
2 Corinthians 13:1.
to appoint (cf. colloquial English
set):
ἡμέραν,
Acts 17:31; cf. Grimm on 1 Macc. 4:59.
2. to set or place in a balance; to weigh: money to one (because in very early times, before the introduction of coinage, the metals used to be weighed) i. e.
to pay, Matthew 26:15 (so in Greek writings from
Homer down; cf.
Passow, under the word, p. 1508b; (Liddell and Scott, under the word A. IV.); the
Sept. for
שָׁקַל,
Isaiah 46:6;
Jeremiah 39:9ff (
Jer. 32:9ff);
Zechariah 11:12;
1 Esdr. 8:25ff; etc.); this furnishes the explanation of the phrase
μή στήσῃς αὐτοῖς τήν ἁμαρτίαν ταύτην, do not reckon to them, call them to account for, this sin (
A. V. lay not this sin to their charge),
Acts 7:60 ((cf. Meyer at the passage)).
II. Intransitively in the perfect and pluperfect (having the sense of a present and an imperfect (see above)), also in 2 aorist active,
to stand; the Septuagint for
נִצַּב עָמַד קוּם;
1. properly,
a. followed by prepositions or adverbs of place: followed by
ἐν with the dative of place (cf.
Buttmann, 329 (283)),
Matthew 6:5;
Matthew 20:3;
Matthew 24:15;
Luke 24:36;
John 8:9;
John 11:56;
Acts 5:25;
Acts 7:33 (
L T Tr WH ἐπί with the dative);
Revelation 5:6;
Revelation 19:17;
ἐνώπιον τίνος,
Acts 10:30;
Revelation 7:9;
Revelation 8:2;
Revelation 11:4;
Revelation 12:4;
πρός with the dative of place,
John 18:16;
ἐπί with the genitive of place (German
auf,
upon),
Luke 6:17;
Acts 21:40;
Revelation 10:5,
8; with the genitive of the judge or tribunal,
before (cf.
ἐπί, A. I. 2 b.),
Acts 24:20;
Acts 25:10;
πέραν with the genitive of place,
John 6:22;
πρό,
Acts 5:23 (
R G; but
L T Tr WH ἐπί τῶν θυρῶν (
at, German
an; cf. above and see
ἐπί, A. I. 2 a.));
Acts 12:14;
ἔμπροσθεν τίνος, before one as judge,
Matthew 27:11;
κύκλῳ (
τίνος), around,
Revelation 7:11;
μέσος ὑμῶν, in the midst of you, living among you,
John 1:26;
ἐκ δεξιῶν τίνος,
Luke 1:11;
Acts 7:55f;
ἐν μέσῳ,
John 8:9;
πρός with the accusative (
G L T Tr WH with the dative (see
πρός, II.)) of place,
John 20:11;
ἐπί with the accusative of place (see
ἐπί, C. I.),
Matthew 13:2;
Revelation 3:20;
Revelation 7:1;
Revelation 14:1;
Revelation 15:2;
ἐπί τούς πόδας, to stand upright,
Acts 26:16;
Revelation 11:11;
παρά with the accusative,
Luke 5:2;
Luke 7:38;
εἰς,
John 21:4 (
L T Tr marginal reading
WH marginal reading
ἐπί (see
ἐπί, C. I. 1 d.));
ἐκεῖ,
Matthew 27:47;
Mark 11:5;
James 2:3;
ὧδε,
Matthew 16:28;
Matthew 20:6;
Mark 9:1;
Luke 9:27 (here
T Tr WH αὐτοῦ, which see);
ὅπου,
Mark 13:14;
ἔξω,
Matthew 12:46,
47 (here
WH in marginal reading only);
Mark 3:31;
Luke 8:20;
Luke 13:25;
μακρόθεν,
Luke 18:13;
Luke 23:49 (
R G Tr text);
ἀπό,
μακρόθεν,
Revelation 18:10,
17; (
Luke 23:49 L T WH Tr marginal reading (but
ἀπό in brackets));
πόρρωθεν,
Luke 17:12.
b. absolutely;
α. to stand by, stand near (in a place already mentioned, so that the reader readily understands where):
Matthew 26:73;
John 1:35;
John 3:29;
John 7:37;
John 12:29;
John 18:18,
25;
John 20:14;
Acts 16:9;
Acts 22:25; with a participle or adjective (indicating the purpose or act or condition of the one standing):
Matthew 20:6;
Luke 23:10;
Acts 1:11;
Acts 9:7;
Acts 26:6; opposed to
καθίζειν,
Hebrews 10:11f
β. if what is said to stand had been in motion (walking, flowing, etc.),
to stop, stand still:
Matthew 2:9 (
Rec. ἔστη,
L T Tr WH ἐστάθη (cf. I. 1 a.));
Matthew 20:32;
Mark 10:49;
Luke 8:44;
Acts 8:38.
γ. contextually,
to stand immutable, stand firm, of the foundation of a building:
2 Timothy 2:19.
2. metaphorically,
a. to stand, i. e.
continue safe and sound, stand unharmed:
Acts 26:22.
b. to stand ready or prepared: with a participle,
Ephesians 6:14.
c. to be of a steadfast mind; so in the maxim in
1 Corinthians 10:12.
d. followed by a participle of quality,
Colossians 4:12;
ὅς ἕστηκεν ἑδραῖος, who does not hesitate, does not waver,
1 Corinthians 7:37; in a figure, of one who vanquishes his adversaries and holds the ground,
Ephesians 6:13; also of one who in the midst of the fight holds his position
πρός τινα, against the foe,
Ephesians 6:11 (cf.
Exodus 14:13; [
Psalm 36:12]
Ps. 35:13 (Ps. 36:13)).
to persist, continue, persevere:
τῇ πίστει, dative commodi (so as not to fall from thy faith (others take the dative instrumentally, by thy faith; cf.
Winers Grammar, § 31, 6 c.;
Buttmann, § 133, 24)),
Romans 11:20;
ἐν τῇ ἀλήθεια,
John 8:44 (where the meaning is, his nature abhors, is utterly estranged from, the truth;
Vulg. incorrectly,
in veritate non stetit; Luther,
ist nicht bestanden (
A. V. abode not etc.); but the Zürich version correctly,
besteht nicht (
WH read
ἔστηκεν, imperfect of
στήκω, which see));
ἐν τῇ χάριτι,
Romans 5:2;
ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ,
1 Corinthians 15:1;
εἰς ἥν (namely,
χάριν)
ἑστήκατε, into which ye have entered, that ye may stand fast in it,
1 Peter 5:12 (but
L T Tr WH read
στῆτε (2 aorist active imperative 2 person plural) enter and
stand fast;
Buttmann, § 147, 16, cf. p. 329 (283)). Note: From
ἕστηκα is formed the verb
στήκω, which see in its place. (Compare:
ἀνίστημι,
ἐπανίστημι,
ἐξανίστημι,
ἀνθίστημι,
ἀφίστημι,
διΐστημι,
ἐνίστημι,
ἐξίστημι,
ἐπιστημι (
ἐπίστημαι),
ἐφίστημι,
κατεφιστημι,
συνεφίστημι,
καθίστημι,
ἀντικαθίστημι,
ἀποκαθίστημι,
μεθίστημι,
παρίστημι,
περιΐστημι,
προστημι,
συνίστημι.)
THAYER’S GREEK LEXICON, Electronic Database.
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