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Song. 4:1–7 The first part of v. 1 is repeated in v. 7, creating a section that describes the woman’s physical beauty. The description starts at the eyes and works downward. Although the word pictures are vivid, they may be hard for modern readers to understand.
Song. 4:2 twins . . . not one . . . has lost its young. Her teeth are white, straight, and even.
Song. 4:4 tower of David. The association with David increases the sense of dignity already implied in the image of a tower. The woman’s dignity is being compared to the dignity of the tower (see Introduction: Interpreting Literary Images).
Song. 4:5 Fawns (young deer) refers to the youthful appearance of her two breasts. Gazelle probably refers to her appealingly sleek form.
Song. 4:6 Mountain and hill could be continuing the theme of the previous verse and refer to the woman’s breasts, or it may be a more general reference to her beauty. The point is that being with her is like inhaling an intoxicating fragrance.
Song. 4:8 Amana . . . Senir . . . Hermon. The man is calling to the woman from isolated, dangerous places. The term my bride (six times in 4:8–5:1) would seem appropriate only after the wedding. This probably means that this scene (4:1–5:1) also takes place in the woman’s dream, as she looks forward to what the wedding day will bring.
Song. 4:9 The heart is the center of one’s inner life, the place of thinking, feeling, and choosing (see Prov. 4:23).
Song. 4:12 A garden is a welcoming place for lovers. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, the term often described a woman’s sexuality. A spring or fountain reflects a similar concept (see Prov. 5:15–19). Notice that her garden and spring are locked, indicating that she reserves herself for the man who will be her husband.
Song. 4:15 The comparison to a garden fountain is extended to indicate the refreshing quality of the woman’s sexuality.
Song. 4:16 Awake, O north wind, and come, O south wind. The reference to the winds may reflect the man’s desire for the woman to offer an invitation to him. This is granted in the second half of the verse.
The ESV Global Study Bible
Copyright © 2012 by Crossway.
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Used by permission.
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