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Song. 1:1 Title: The Best of Songs. The Hebrew word for “song” identifies the book as expressing joy rather than sorrow. Song of Songs probably means the very best of songs.
1:2–2:17 The Lovers Yearn for Each Other. The two main characters, apparently betrothed, are introduced as they sing of their desire for each other. On the difference between betrothal and engagement, see note on Matt. 1:18.
Song. 1:3 name . . . oil. In Hebrew, the two words sound similar. “Name” refers to the man’s reputation, which is as enchanting as perfume.
Song. 1:4a The king is probably a term of endearment, indicating the woman’s high regard for her lover.
Song. 1:4b This is the first speech of the “others,” who function as a chorus. They join the shepherdess in her praise for the shepherd (you is masculine) by picking up her words from v. 2.
Song. 1:5 dark, but lovely. The shepherd girl has spent her life working in the sun (in the vineyard, v. 6; caring for the flock, v. 8). She is not dainty like some refined young women.
Song. 1:6 My own vineyard refers in a poetic image to the woman’s physical appearance. The sun has damaged her skin as she has tended her family’s vineyard.
Song. 1:8 This is the man’s first appearance. Here he offers a playful answer to the woman’s question of where to find him. She cares for a flock, as he does (v. 7).
Song. 1:12 Nard was a fragrance extracted from a plant (see 4:13–14). For the romantic effect of a “fragrance,” see 7:13.
Song. 1:13 My beloved is the woman’s most common term of endearment for the man (31 times).
Song. 1:14 Engedi is an oasis on the dry and desolate western bank of the Dead Sea—a location with obvious appeal.
Song. 1:16–17 The couch, house, and rafters are all compared to a lush woodland location. This may indicate that the man and woman are outdoors.
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