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The Blue Letter Bible
Study :: Bible Study Notes :: ESV Global Study Bible :: Footnotes for Revelation 18

ESV Global Study Bible :: Footnotes for Revelation 18

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References for Rev 18:2 —  1   2 

Rev. 18:1–19:10 Several speakers explain how the beast and the kings desert the prostitute.

Rev. 18:1–3 Fallen, fallen. Compare Isa. 21:9. Babylon’s fall will turn the great city into a wilderness inhabited by every unclean spirit, bird, and beast.

Rev. 18:4 The prophets often asked the OT Israelites to come out of (be different than) the cultures where they were exiled (Isa. 52:11; Jer. 51:6–9, 45). Such separation was equally relevant to the NT church and it remains so today (2 Cor. 6:14–18; 1 Pet. 2:11–12).

Rev. 18:6 God is just. He will pay (Babylon) back as she herself has paid back (see Ex. 21:23–25). The double portion (see Isa. 40:2; Jer. 16:18) of punishment is for the violence she inflicted on the saints (Rev. 19:2).

Rev. 18:7–8 Babylon’s boast, I sit as a queen, I am no widow will be silenced in a single day (compare Isa. 47:7–9).

Rev. 18:9–20 Laments come from kings, merchants, and sailors who profited from Babylon’s power and wealth.

Rev. 18:12–13 The prostitute symbolizes all corrupt economic systems. Even human souls are reduced to cargo. They are traded as slaves to provide cheap labor for greedy merchants.

Rev. 18:20 Everyone in heaven (saints and apostles and prophets) rejoice in God’s judgment of Babylon (compare 12:12).

Rev. 18:21 Compare Jer. 51:63–64.

Rev. 18:24 God will judge Babylon and the beast for shedding the blood of his prophets and saints (see 6:10; 11:8; 17:6).

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