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Josh. 9:1–27 Having failed to consult the Lord, Israel is tricked into making a peace covenant with the Gibeonites. The Gibeonites claimed to be from a “distant country” (v. 6) but were actually Canaanites, with whom the Israelites were forbidden to make treaties (Deut. 7:1–2). The Gibeonites express belief in the power and supremacy of the Lord, which eases the tension created by their being allowed to remain in the land.
Josh. 9:3 Archaeologists have confirmed that Gibeon was 6 miles (9.7 km) northwest of Jerusalem.
Josh. 9:4 Cunning implies cleverness and calculation.
Josh. 9:6 The Gibeonites claimed that they came from a distant country. This suggests they were aware that the Israelites were to be more lenient toward cities outside the Land of Promise, while destroying cities within the land (Deut. 20:10–18).
Josh. 9:7 The Hivites are included in the lists of Deut. 20:17 (those to be devoted “to complete destruction”) and Josh. 9:1–2 (those determined to “fight against Joshua and Israel”). The Gibeonites may have been a subgroup of a larger Hivite population in Canaan.
Josh. 9:14 The notice that Israel did not ask counsel from the Lord helps explain how Israel was deceived. Israel’s leaders trusted their impressions instead of seeking direction from the Lord.
Josh. 9:18 the leaders . . . had sworn. Oaths that establish a covenant relationship must be kept (compare Gen. 26:26–31; 2 Sam. 21:7; Ezek. 16:59–60).
Josh. 9:23 The Gibeonite deceivers are declared to be cursed, to be cutters of wood and drawers of water. Yet Joshua assigns them to the house of my God. Supplying wood and water for the sacrificial system in Israel would indeed be hard work, but to be closely associated with the house of God would have been considered a blessing (Ps. 84:10).
Josh. 9:27 in the place that he should choose. See Deut. 12:5. Shiloh appears to have served as Israel’s central sanctuary from the time of Joshua (see Josh. 18:1) until the fall of Shiloh just prior to the monarchy (1 Sam. 4:3; compare Ps. 78:60; Jer. 7:12).
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