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Josh. 5:1–15 A new generation is circumcised to remind them of their privileged covenant relationship with God. The Passover celebration reminds them that God released them from slavery.
Josh. 5:1 There was no longer any spirit in them explains why Israel is able to exist unopposed in enemy territory long enough for the events of ch. 5 to take place.
Josh. 5:2 Make flint knives . . . circumcise . . . a second time. Circumcision was a reminder of God’s lasting covenant with Israel (Gen. 17:10–14). All males were circumcised when they were eight days old. Flint, or obsidian, was easily available and was particularly well suited for use in circumcisions.
Josh. 5:6 Scripture frequently describes Canaan as a land flowing with milk and honey (see Ex. 13:5; Lev. 20:24; Num. 13:27; etc.).
Josh. 5:9 The reproach of Egypt may have been the insults the Egyptians would have made if the Lord had not brought Israel into the Promised Land (Ex. 32:12; Num. 14:13–16; Deut. 9:28). It could also represent the disobedient generation that has now died (see Josh. 5:4–6).
Josh. 5:10 For the background of the Passover, see Exodus 12; on the timing of the Passover, see Ex. 12:18; Lev. 23:5.
Josh. 5:12 manna ceased. See Ex. 16:35. They no longer need the food that God gave them in the desert. They now enjoy the fruit of the land of Canaan.
Josh. 5:13–14 a man was standing before him. Joshua seems to wonder if this man is an Israelite or an enemy soldier. The commander of the army of the Lord answers “No,” that is, “Neither.” Joshua’s reaction to the man shows that Joshua believes this being possesses divine authority. The expression with his drawn sword in his hand appears in Num. 22:23, 31 and 1 Chron. 21:16, where it refers to the angel of the Lord. The “army of the Lord” is the force God commands when judging (Isa. 13:4) or protecting (1 Kings 22:19). worshiped. Joshua possibly believed he was in God’s presence. In Ex. 23:20–33 God promises his angel to guide Israel to victory.
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