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Judg 6:1–8:35 The fifth judge was Gideon, who fought the Midianites twice. The first time he followed God’s instructions (7:1–8:3); the second time he did not (8:4–21).
Judg 6:2–4 The Midianites oppressed the Israelites so greatly that they were forced to live in dens and caves, and they couldn’t harvest their crops.
Judg 6:7–10 The message of the unnamed prophet represents the first time God rebuked the people when they called upon him.
Judg 6:11 the angel of the Lord. See note on 2:1. beating out wheat in the winepress. Wheat was usually threshed on open threshing floors, where the wind could carry away the chaff—and Gideon had access to such a place (see 6:37). The fact that he was doing his threshing within the confines of a winepress and was doing it secretly, to hide it from the Midianites, shows the extent to which they were oppressing Israel.
Judg 6:22 Gideon feared for his life because he had encountered God’s angel face to face (compare Gen. 32:30; Ex. 33:20).
Judg 6:24 To this day. See note on Josh. 4:9. The Abiezrites were part of the tribe of Manasseh that settled west of the Jordan River (Josh. 17:1–2).
Judg 6:25–26 Asherah is sometimes the name of a pagan goddess. Here, it refers to the wooden poles at places where she was worshiped.
Judg 6:32 Gideon’s new name, Jerubbaal, meant “Let Baal contend,” echoing Joash’s mockery of those who trusted in Baal (v. 31). With this name, Gideon became a living reminder of Baal’s powerlessness.
Judg 6:34 Spirit of the Lord clothed. See 1 Chron. 12:18; 2 Chron. 24:20. Other terms for the Spirit’s activity in Judges include “was upon” (Judg. 3:10; 11:29) and “rushed upon” (14:6; 19; 15:14). See note on 14:6.
Judg 6:36–40 laying a fleece. Gideon’s desire to test God directly violated Mosaic law (Deut. 6:16). Let not your anger burn against me. Gideon knew that he was doing something unwise, if not sinful. He already knew God’s will (see Judg. 6:14–16, 36). His requests reveal his weak faith.
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