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Judg 14:1 Timnah was approximately 20 miles (32 km) west of Jerusalem. Archaeologists believe it was a thriving city during the time of the judges.
Judg 14:2–3 uncircumcised Philistines. Israelites were forbidden to marry unbelieving foreigners (Ex. 34:16; Deut. 7:3). Also, Samson’s demand for a wife (Judg. 14:2–3) was against the tradition of marriages being arranged by the parents (Gen. 24:1–4; 38:6). she is right in my eyes (see Judg. 14:7). This self-centered demand contrasts with being “right in the Lord’s eyes” (compare Deut. 6:18; 12:25). In fact, Samson’s attitude describes the entire era of the judges, when everyone did what was right in their own eyes (Judg. 17:6; 18:1; 19:1; 21:25).
Judg 14:4 it was from the Lord. Despite Israel’s unfaithfulness and Samson’s selfish life, God would use Samson for his own purposes.
Judg 14:6 the Spirit of the Lord rushed upon him. The OT speaks many times of God’s Spirit acting upon individuals, usually to empower them for some service for the people of God.
Judg 14:8–9 carcass of the lion. Samson’s contact with the dead lion violated his Nazirite vow (see 13:5).
Judg 14:10 The Hebrew word for feast implies a dinner that includes alcohol, another violation of Samson’s Nazirite vow (see 13:5).
Judg 14:15 fourth day. The Hebrew text has “seventh day” (compare v. 18); the esv reading is based on Greek and Syriac versions (see esv footnote). The difference is only one letter in Hebrew, which could easily have been miscopied by a scribe in an early manuscript. “Fourth” fits better with the immediate context (v. 14 mentions three days of futile guessing about the riddle).
Judg 14:18 If you had not plowed with my heifer. This may have been a saying in Samson’s time (heifers were occasionally used for plowing; see Deut. 21:3). Here it is a coarse reference to their use of Samson’s wife.
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