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Study :: Bible Study Notes :: ESV Global Study Bible :: Footnotes for Isaiah 66

ESV Global Study Bible :: Footnotes for Isaiah 66

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References for Isa 66:19 —  1   2 

Isa. 66:1–24 Though the worship of God is violated now, in the future falsehood will be judged, true worship will spread, and God will be honored forever.

Isa. 66:2 I will look with favor (see Ps. 80:14; Isa. 63:15). he who is humble and contrite. See Ps. 51:17; Isa. 57:15; Luke 18:9–14. Trembles at my word suggests reverence for God’s word and eagerness to obey it (see Ezra 9:4; 10:3).

Isa. 66:4 bring their fears upon them. People who reject the Lord will one day have to face everything they now fear (see 48:18; 65:11–12).

Isa. 66:5–6 Your brothers who hate you. These are people who profess biblical faith but do not tremble at his word and who ridicule the humble and contrite (see 28:9–10; Rev. 2:9). Let the Lord be glorified, that we may see your joy. These are the words of unbelievers as they taunt God’s people (compare Ps. 22:6–8). A sound from the temple! The Lord’s answer to such people is recompense, because he counts them as his enemies.

Isa. 66:7–9 Mother Zion gives birth, effortlessly and instantly, to a new nation (see 49:19–21; 54:1–3). The questions of 66:9 answer fears that God might not perform all he promised to his helpless people.

Isa. 66:10–14 The certainty of future blessing calls for joy in the present. her consoling breast. . . . you shall be comforted in Jerusalem. The poetic image is of a nursing baby who finds complete comfort, joy, nourishment, and satisfaction in the arms of its mother. The same Hebrew word for comfort found in 40:1 is repeated three times in 66:13.

Isa. 66:16 all flesh. Specifically, “his enemies” (v. 14).

Isa. 66:18 time . . . to gather all nations. See 2:2–4; 40:5; 45:23; Rev. 7:9–10.

Isa. 66:19–20 a sign. See 7:14; 11:10; 12; 55:12–13. I will send survivors, that is, the remnant of Israelite believers who survive the judgments of God (see Joel 2:28–32; Acts 2:1–12). all your brothers from all the nations. See John 11:52; Gal. 3:28–29; Col. 3:11. Contrast “your brothers who hate you” in Isa. 66:5.

Isa. 66:22–23 See 65:17. The universe, which bore witness to Israel’s sins in 1:2–3, now sees the endless worship of the new people of God, who represent all flesh.

Isa. 66:24 Isaiah uses the image of Jerusalem’s city dump, just outside the city wall in the Hinnom Valley (see Jer. 7:30–34). They shall go out and look, not to gloat, but to agree with God’s judgment of the wicked and to be assured that his judgment will last forever. They shall be an abhorrence, though in this life they are often successful. The gospel is good news to the contrite but bad news to the rebellious.

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