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Isa. 63:1–14 God comforts his people with a vision of his victory over all evil in the future and of his loving goodness in the past.
Isa. 63:1 Speaking as a watchman on the wall, Isaiah marvels at the Messiah marching toward Zion as a victorious warrior (see 52:8; 62:6). Edom, the unbelieving nation southeast of Jerusalem, represents the world’s contempt for God’s promises (see 34:1–7; Ezekiel 35; Mal. 1:2–4). Bozrah. The capital city of Edom (see Isa. 34:6). speaking in righteousness. His claim to be mighty to save is trustworthy and true. No Edom exists that can defeat him (see Rev. 17:14).
Isa. 63:3 I have trodden the winepress. Trampling of grapes is an image of judgment. God’s final judgment on human sin is a harvest of justice (see Joel 3:13; Rev. 14:18–20; 19:13; 15). alone . . . no one. The Messiah alone wins the victory for his people (see Isa. 59:15b–18).
Isa. 63:4 the day of vengeance was in my heart. See note on 61:1–3. my year of redemption. See note on 41:14.
Isa. 63:7 I will recount. Recalling God’s history of mercies toward Israel.
Isa. 63:9 In all their affliction he was afflicted. God was sorrowful over the suffering of his people, even though it was their own sin that caused it. See Ex. 2:23–25; Judg. 10:16. the angel of his presence. See Ex. 23:20–23; 33:14–15.
Isa. 63:10–11 his Holy Spirit. . . . his Holy Spirit. Again Isaiah emphasizes how God gave himself to Israel. But they rebelled. See Psalm 78; Isa. 1:2; 66:24; Acts 7:51. The Savior of Isa. 63:8 thus became their enemy. See 1:19–20 and 43:27–28.
Isa. 63:12–14 his glorious arm . . . a glorious name. God displayed his power in Israel’s history. Isaiah has hope for the future because God must be glorified (see Eph. 1:6, 12, 14).
Isa. 63:15–64:12 Isaiah explains how to pray for demonstrations of God’s saving power.
Isa. 63:15–16 Isaiah claims God’s love for his people. your holy and beautiful habitation. See 6:1 and 64:11. Abraham does not know us. The people have drifted from their ancestral faith (see Gen. 15:6; 22:12; 26:5).
Isa. 63:17 why do you make us wander? God did not force his people to sin, but, as a means of discipline, he allowed them to experience the consequences of their sins (see Deut. 32:4; Job 34:10; Isa. 6:3, 10; Rom. 1:24).
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