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Isa. 11:1 a shoot from the stump. Isaiah presents the Messiah as a shoot or twig growing from a stump remaining after God’s judgment (see 4:2; 6:13; 53:2). Jesse. The father of David (see 1 Sam. 16:1–13; 2 Sam. 20:1). bear fruit. Unlike previous kings, especially King Ahaz, this son of Jesse will produce only good results for the people.
Isa. 11:2 the Spirit of the Lord. Like David (1 Sam. 16:13), the Messiah is empowered by the Holy Spirit. He is also given wisdom and understanding for leadership (Deut. 1:13; 1 Kings 3:9; see Isa. 10:13); counsel and might to carry out his wise plans (36:5; see Job 12:13; note the connection to Isa. 9:6, “counselor” and “mighty”); knowledge and the fear of the Lord for holiness (Prov. 2:1–5). For Jesus’ fulfillment of this prophetic word, see Matt. 3:16–17.
Isa. 11:3–4 his delight shall be in the fear of the Lord. See note on Prov. 1:7. The coming Messiah will be the moral ideal in his human faithfulness. He will have deep joy in living faithfully before God, and in promoting this attitude among those he rules.
Isa. 11:5 Righteousness . . . faithfulness. The Messiah will clothe himself with just decisions and consistent integrity.
Isa. 11:6–9 the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the Lord. The One whom Israel rejected as unhelpful renews the world (see 35:9; 65:17–25; Ezek. 34:25–31).
Isa. 11:10 Paul quotes this verse in Rom. 15:12 to describe his ambition to reach the Gentiles with the gospel. He sees himself as living in the messianic time the OT expected, in which the Gentiles would come to know the true God.
Isa. 11:11 yet a second time. The first deliverance was the exodus from Egypt (v. 16). from Assyria . . . the coastlands of the sea. From all over the known world—a greater exodus by far.
Isa. 11:13–14 Rather than compete with one another, God’s people unite to oppose evil.
Isa. 11:16 Assyria. Where many Israelites have gone into exile (see v. 11).
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