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Heb. 8:1–13 Jesus is the eternal high priest, ministering from heaven in the true tabernacle and enacting the better promises of the new covenant.
Heb. 8:1–2 Majesty. A term for God himself (see 1:3). Holy places will refer later to the “Holy Place” (9:2) and the “Most Holy Place” (9:3) in the tabernacle as well as in the temple. But here the author is speaking of something even better, the actual heavenly “holy places,” that is, the area before the very throne of God himself. The true tent also refers to heaven, God’s very presence. The earthly tabernacle functions as a picture of entering into God’s presence in heaven.
Heb. 8:4 Jesus could not serve in the earthly tabernacle because the law requires that a priest from Levi’s family do this (7:11–19).
Heb. 8:5 The earthly tabernacle (tent), in which the Levite priests served, was a lesser copy of the heavenly pattern shown to Moses (Ex. 25:40). The heavenly place is greater.
Heb. 8:6 The better promises of the new covenant are cited in vv. 8–12.
Heb. 8:7 if that first covenant had been faultless. The Mosaic covenant was not wrong. Rather, it was weak and ineffective (7:18–19) by comparison to the new covenant. God had never intended for the Mosaic covenant to bring people to perfection. Jesus was always to have that ministry.
Heb. 8:8–12 he finds fault with them. God blames sinful humanity for the failure of the first covenant. Jeremiah 31:31–34 is quoted here. That passage supports several arguments in Hebrews: (1) this “second” covenant (Heb. 8:7) comes after the Mosaic covenant (the days are coming, v. 8); (2) it is established by the Lord (vv. 8, 13); (3) it is a new covenant (vv. 8, 13); (4) it is unlike the earlier covenant (vv. 9, 13); (5) the earlier covenant failed because of the people’s rebellion (for they did not continue in my covenant, v. 9; see v. 8); (6) this new covenant involves a transformation of its people’s inner lives. It writes God’s laws into their minds and hearts so that all know him (vv. 10–11; see 10:14–17); and (7) it brings true, final forgiveness of sins (8:12; see 9:15; 10:12–18).
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