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Ezek. 32:1–16 This oracle repeats the call to “lament” (vv. 2, 16). The poem is built around the identification of Pharaoh as a “dragon” (v. 2), recalling 29:3 (see note). The date is March 585 b.c., some time after the fall of Jerusalem (see note on 33:21–22).
Ezek. 32:2 Egypt is a dragon, the chaotic beast associated with the Nile’s crocodile (see note on 29:3).
Ezek. 32:7–8 The darkness on your land alludes to the exodus story (see 30:13–19; also Ex. 10:21–23).
Ezek. 32:14 Egypt’s fall to Babylon (vv. 11–13) provides an opportunity for nature to recover, with the waters and rivers pointing back to v. 2.
Ezek. 32:17–32 This is the seventh and final oracle against Egypt and the last of the entire foreign-nation oracle collection. It returns to a theme introduced briefly in an oracle on the sinking of Tyre in 26:20, and already used against Egypt in 31:14, 16. In a grand finale, all the nations are gathered together in the pit (32:18), in Sheol (v. 21), the place of the dead. Egypt joins them there, Pharaoh receiving no comfort from the welcome he receives (v. 31). In drawing the nations together in this place over which God alone has power, Ezekiel again demonstrates God’s sovereignty. This oracle occurs two weeks later than the previous one (fifteenth day; compare “first day,” v. 1).
Ezek. 32:19 The Egyptians practiced circumcision. Thus their place with the uncircumcised would be cause for deep shame.
Ezek. 32:22–23 Assyria is in the uttermost parts of the pit. Ezekiel’s Sheol has levels of shame, and Assyria’s appears to be the deepest. See vv. 26–27.
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