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Study :: Bible Study Notes :: ESV Global Study Bible :: Footnotes for Ezekiel 28
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ESV Global Study Bible :: Footnotes for Ezekiel 28

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References for Eze 28:19 —  1   2   3 

Ezek. 28:1–10 Although in lament form, this new oracle against Tyre has the familiar pattern of indictment (vv. 2b–6) and outcome (vv. 7–10). Pride is at the center of the charge. The word heart occurs eight times in vv. 2–8.

Ezek. 28:2 Tyre’s king is called a prince. This is probably a synonym for “king” (compare Ps. 76:12, where it is a poetic parallel to “kings”).

Ezek. 28:7–8 Here the agents of divine punishment are unnamed foreigners. Elsewhere they are identified as the Babylonians (26:7; 29:18; compare 30:10–11).

Ezek. 28:11–19 These verses describe Tyre’s extravagant pretensions (compare vv. 4–5) leading to its utter devastation (vv. 18–19). Tyre is likened to a second Adam, clearly a created being (vv. 13, 15) and yet a cherub (v. 14). The cherub is in the garden of God (v. 13) and on the mountain of God (vv. 14, 16). Some believe that v. 17 compares the downfall of the proud king of Tyre to the arraignment of and curse on Satan in Gen. 3:1–15.

Ezek. 28:20–23 Sidon is often mentioned alongside Tyre (e.g., Jer. 47:4; Joel 3:4; Zech. 9:2). This association survived into NT times (e.g., Matt. 11:21–22; Luke 10:13–14). This brief oracle contains no accusation against Sidon but simply announces God’s opposition to it.

Ezek. 28:24–26 This hopeful note occurs precisely at the halfway point in Ezekiel’s oracles against other nations (chs. 25–32). The defeat of God’s enemies will result in the well-being of God’s own people. Since “scattering” is one of the primary judgments on Israel (e.g., Lev. 26:33; Deut. 28:64), “gathering” (Ezek. 28:25) is one of God’s distinctive saving responses (compare Deut. 30:3). This theme will be repeated throughout the latter part of Ezekiel.

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