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Deut. 7:1–2 devote them to complete destruction. See 2:34–35; 20:10–18; and notes on Deuteronomy 20:10–18. no mercy. The nations listed in 7:1 inhabit the land God promised to Israel. They are being punished for their sins (Gen. 15:16), and God is using Israel to do this. Showing any mercy would make it more likely that Israel would follow their evil ways (Deut. 7:16).
Deut. 7:3–4 The order for “complete destruction” of the Canaanites (vv. 1–2) was not a case of genocide but was to judge those peoples for their sin (Gen. 15:16) and to prevent the Israelites from intermarrying with them (Deut. 7:3–4). The prohibition against intermarriage was not to forbid interracial marriage but was so that Israel would not turn away from the one true God (compare 20:18). Such apostasy would be much more likely than the conversion of their non-Israelite spouses (compare 2 Cor. 6:14–15).
Deut. 7:5 All the objects used in Canaanite religion are to be totally destroyed so that they will not be a trap for Israel (see v. 16 and note on 12:2–3). The pillars were made of stone. Asherim were wooden poles decorated with female fertility symbols (see note on Judg. 6:25–26).
Deut. 7:6 holy to the Lord. Holiness means being exclusively separated to God. Israel must have no association with pagan religion. chosen. See 10:15; 14:2. treasured possession. See Ex. 19:5; Deut. 26:18.
Deut. 7:12–15 Obedience to the covenant leads to blessings for Israel (see 28:1–14). Evil diseases may refer to the plagues against Egypt (Exodus 7–14), or to more common diseases there.
Deut. 7:17–18 Israel is warned three times (see also 8:17; 9:4) not to say in your heart certain things that express fear (7:17) or pride (8:17; 9:4). The cure for unnecessary fear is to remember what the Lord your God did.
Deut. 7:20 Hornets may be a literal reference to the winged insect. Or it may describe people who flee in panic as if being chased by hornets. See Ex. 23:28; and note on Josh. 24:12. Compare “bees”; Deut. 1:44.
Deut. 7:25–26 burn. See note on v. 5. Abomination refers to a significant sin with which God is especially angry. devoted to destruction. See note on 2:34–35.
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