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Deut. 6:3 milk and honey. This description of the land is an added incentive to obedience. See also 11:9; 26:15.
Deut. 6:4 Hear, O Israel. This verse is called the Shema, from the Hebrew word for “hear.” The Lord our God, the Lord is one. See esv footnote. The Lord alone is Israel’s God. It is a statement of exclusivity. Compare ch. 4; and 5:6–7.
Deut. 6:5 love. See 4:37. all. Because the Lord alone is Israel’s God, they should give him their exclusive and total devotion. Israelites are to love the Lord with all their heart, soul, and might. Jesus called this the “great and first commandment” (Matt. 22:38). In quoting the commandment, Jesus added “with all your mind” (Matt. 22:37). In early Hebrew, “heart” included what today is called the “mind.”
Deut. 6:7–9 The two pairs of opposites—sit/walk and lie down/rise—suggest that the teaching is to take place at any and all opportunities. bind them . . . write them. Many Jews have fulfilled these commands literally, placing the text of vv. 4–5 and other Scripture verses in boxes bound on the arm and forehead (v. 8) or attached to doorposts (v. 9). See also 11:18–20.
Deut. 6:12 To forget the Lord is a moral problem, parallel to disobedience (8:11).
Deut. 6:13 fear. See 4:10. Jesus quotes this verse to Satan in the wilderness (Matt. 4:10).
Deut. 6:14–15 other gods. As seen elsewhere in Deuteronomy, the greatest tragedy for Israel would be unfaithfulness to God (compare 4:16–19; 8:11–20). jealous. See 4:24 and note on 4:23–24.
Deut. 6:16 You shall not put the Lord your God to the test. Testing God is an act of disobedience and shows a lack of trust in him. Jesus quoted this verse during his wilderness temptations (Matt. 4:7).
Deut. 6:20–24 What is the meaning . . . ? When future Israelite children ask their parents the reason for any law, the parents should explain how the law relates to their being freed from slavery in Egypt. See also 5:6; Ex. 12:26.
Deut. 6:25 Righteousness for us does not mean righteousness as a means of salvation. In this context, it means simply that keeping the Passover is the right thing to do. See also 24:13.
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