1 Chron 11:1–3 From 2 Sam. 5:1–3, omitting the war with Ishbosheth and David’s seven-year reign in Hebron as king (2 Sam. 2:1–4:12; 5:4–5; contrast 1 Chron. 3:4; 29:27). according to the word of the Lord by Samuel. See 1 Sam. 13:14; 15:28.
1 Chron 11:1 your bone and flesh. Despite a distinct division between Judah and the rest of Israel, they still recognized each other as family (compare “brothers”; 2 Sam. 2:26–27).
1 Chron 11:4–9 From 2 Sam. 5:6–10. The conquest of Jerusalem by David and all Israel (see 2 Sam. 5:6, “the king and his men”) gave the tribes a focus for their national unity. Thinking of his fellow Israelites living after the exile, the Chronicler presents Jerusalem as the possession not just of Judah but of “all Israel.”
1 Chron 11:8 the Millo. See note on 2 Sam. 5:9.
1 Chron 11:10–47 From 2 Sam. 23:8–39, with additional material (1 Chron. 11:41b–47). These details of David’s mighty men illustrate the support David received from the people around him and from God (v. 10).
1 Chron 11:12–13 The Chronicler may have intentionally skipped over material about Shammah from 2 Sam. 23:9–11. In that case the plurals “they . . . their” in 1 Chron. 11:14 (see esv footnote) indicate that others (possibly including David) were with Eleazar in this battle at Pas-dammim. This location was not mentioned in 2 Samuel.
1 Chron 11:15–19 The identity of these three mighty men is not known.
1 Chron 11:18 He poured it out to the Lord. See note on 2 Sam. 23:16–17.
1 Chron 11:25–47 The original list of the thirty (vv. 26–40b = 2 Sam. 23:24–39) has been supplemented with material from a different source (1 Chron. 11:41b–47; see note on 2 Sam. 23:8–39).
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