Exodus 21 :: English Standard Version (ESV)

Laws About Slaves

(Deu 15:12–18 )

Exo 21:1“Now these are the rules that you shall set before them.

Exo 21:2When you buy a Hebrew slave,[fn] he shall serve six years, and in the seventh he shall go out free, for nothing.

Exo 21:3

Exo 21:3If he comes in single, he shall go out single; if he comes in married, then his wife shall go out with him.

Exo 21:4

Exo 21:4If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the wife and her children shall be her master’s, and he shall go out alone.

Exo 21:5

Exo 21:5But if the slave plainly says, ‘I love my master, my wife, and my children; I will not go out free,’

Exo 21:6

Exo 21:6then his master shall bring him to God, and he shall bring him to the door or the doorpost. And his master shall bore his ear through with an awl, and he shall be his slave forever.

Exo 21:7

Exo 21:7“When a man sells his daughter as a slave, she shall not go out as the male slaves do.

Exo 21:8

Exo 21:8If she does not please her master, who has designated her[fn] for himself, then he shall let her be redeemed. He shall have no right to sell her to a foreign people, since he has broken faith with her.

Exo 21:9

Exo 21:9If he designates her for his son, he shall deal with her as with a daughter.

Exo 21:10

Exo 21:10If he takes another wife to himself, he shall not diminish her food, her clothing, or her marital rights.

Exo 21:11

Exo 21:11And if he does not do these three things for her, she shall go out for nothing, without payment of money.

Exo 21:12

Exo 21:12“Whoever strikes a man so that he dies shall be put to death.

Exo 21:13

Exo 21:13But if he did not lie in wait for him, but God let him fall into his hand, then I will appoint for you a place to which he may flee.

Exo 21:14

Exo 21:14But if a man willfully attacks another to kill him by cunning, you shall take him from my altar, that he may die.

Exo 21:15

Exo 21:15“Whoever strikes his father or his mother shall be put to death.

Exo 21:16

Exo 21:16“Whoever steals a man and sells him, and anyone found in possession of him, shall be put to death.

Exo 21:17

Exo 21:17“Whoever curses[fn] his father or his mother shall be put to death.

Exo 21:18

Exo 21:18“When men quarrel and one strikes the other with a stone or with his fist and the man does not die but takes to his bed,

Exo 21:19

Exo 21:19then if the man rises again and walks outdoors with his staff, he who struck him shall be clear; only he shall pay for the loss of his time, and shall have him thoroughly healed.

Exo 21:20

Exo 21:20“When a man strikes his slave, male or female, with a rod and the slave dies under his hand, he shall be avenged.

Exo 21:21

Exo 21:21But if the slave survives a day or two, he is not to be avenged, for the slave is his money.

Exo 21:22

Exo 21:22“When men strive together and hit a pregnant woman, so that her children come out, but there is no harm, the one who hit her shall surely be fined, as the woman’s husband shall impose on him, and he shall pay as the judges determine.

Exo 21:23

Exo 21:23But if there is harm,[fn] then you shall pay life for life,

Exo 21:24

Exo 21:24eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,

Exo 21:25

Exo 21:25burn for burn, wound for wound, stripe for stripe.

Exo 21:26

Exo 21:26“When a man strikes the eye of his slave, male or female, and destroys it, he shall let the slave go free because of his eye.

Exo 21:27

Exo 21:27If he knocks out the tooth of his slave, male or female, he shall let the slave go free because of his tooth.

Exo 21:28

Exo 21:28“When an ox gores a man or a woman to death, the ox shall be stoned, and its flesh shall not be eaten, but the owner of the ox shall not be liable.

Exo 21:29

Exo 21:29But if the ox has been accustomed to gore in the past, and its owner has been warned but has not kept it in, and it kills a man or a woman, the ox shall be stoned, and its owner also shall be put to death.

Exo 21:30

Exo 21:30If a ransom is imposed on him, then he shall give for the redemption of his life whatever is imposed on him.

Exo 21:31

Exo 21:31If it gores a man’s son or daughter, he shall be dealt with according to this same rule.

Exo 21:32

Exo 21:32If the ox gores a slave, male or female, the owner shall give to their master thirty shekels[fn] of silver, and the ox shall be stoned.

Laws About Restitution

Exo 21:33

Exo 21:33“When a man opens a pit, or when a man digs a pit and does not cover it, and an ox or a donkey falls into it,

Exo 21:34

Exo 21:34the owner of the pit shall make restoration. He shall give money to its owner, and the dead beast shall be his.

Exo 21:35

Exo 21:35“When one man’s ox butts another’s, so that it dies, then they shall sell the live ox and share its price, and the dead beast also they shall share.

Exo 21:36

Exo 21:36Or if it is known that the ox has been accustomed to gore in the past, and its owner has not kept it in, he shall repay ox for ox, and the dead beast shall be his.

See the ESV Preface (Especially for Parenthesis, Brackets, & Asterisks).

ESV Footnotes

(21:2)

Or servant; the Hebrew term ‘ebed designates a range of social and economic roles; also verses 5, 6, 7, 20, 21, 26, 27, 32 (see Preface)

(21:8)

Or so that he has not designated her

(21:17)

Or dishonors; Septuagint reviles

(21:23)

Or so that her children come out and it is clear who was to blame, he shall be fined as the woman’s husband shall impose on him, and he alone shall pay. 23 If it is unclear who was to blame…

(21:32)

A shekel was about 2/5 ounce or 11 grams

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For more information on this translation, see the ESV Preface.

Exodus Chapter 21 — Additional Translations:

King James Version New King James Version New Living Translation New International Version Christian Standard Bible New American Standard Bible 2020 New American Standard Bible 1995 Legacy Standard Bible Amplified Bible New English Translation Revised Standard Version American Standard Version Young's Literal Translation Darby Translation Webster's Bible Hebrew Names Version Latin Vulgate Westminster Leningrad Codex Septuagint Smith Van Dyck Arabic Bible Open New Arabic Version Brenton's English Septuagint Reina Valera 1909 Reina-Valera 1960 Bible in Basic English Chinese Traditional Union Espanol Moderno Korean Holy Bible Louis Segond German Luther Russian Synodal Translation Sagradas Escrituras

Exodus 21 :: English Standard Version (ESV)

Laws About Slaves

Laws About Restitution

ESV Footnotes

Exodus Chapter 21 — Additional Translations:

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