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The Blue Letter Bible

ESV Global Study Bible :: The Hebrew Calendar

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Click here to view listing below for 1Ch 27:10

The Hebrew Calendar

The Hebrew calendar was composed of 12 lunar months, each of which began when the thin crescent moon was first visible at sunset. They were composed of approximately 29/30 days and were built around the agricultural seasons. Apparently some of the names of the months were changed after the time of Israel's exile in Babylon (e.g., the first month of Abib changed to Nisan; for dates of the exile, see p. 31). The months of the Hebrew calendar (left column) are compared to the corresponding months of the modern (Gregorian) calendar shown in the center column. Biblical references (in the third column) indicate references to the Hebrew calendar cited in the Bible.

Hebrew Month
Gregorian (Modern) Month
Biblical References
First Month:
Abib (Preexile)
Nisan (Postexile)
March-April
Festivals:
14th/15th: Passover (Ex. 12:18; Lev. 23:5)
15th-21st: Unleavened Bread (Ex. 12:14-20; Lev. 23:6)
16th: First Fruits (Lev. 23:9-11)
Second Month:
Ziv (Preexile)
Iyyar (Postexile)
April-May
Festival:
14th: Later Passover (Num. 9:10-11)
Third Month: Sivan
May-June
Festivals:
4th: Pentecost [Feast of Weeks] (Lev. 23:15-16)
Fourth Month: Tammuz
June-July
Fifth Month: Ab
July-August
Not mentioned by name in the Bible (compare Num. 33:38; 2 Kings 25:8; 1 Chron. 27:8; Ezra 7:8, 9; Jer. 1:3; 28:1; 52:12; Ezek. 20:1; Zech. 7:3; 5; 8:19)
Sixth Month: Elul
August-September
Seventh Month:
Ethanim (Preexile)
Tishri (Postexile)
September-October
Festivals:
1st: Trumpets (Lev. 23:24; Num. 29:1)
10th: Day of Atonement (Lev. 16:29-34; 23:27-32)
15th-21st: Booths (Lev. 23:34-40)
22nd: Solemn assembly (Lev. 23:36)
Eighth Month:
Bul (Preexile)
Marchesvan (Postexile)
October-November
Ninth Month: Chislev (Kislev)
November-December
Festival:
25th: Dedication (John 10:22)
Tenth Month: Tebeth
December-January
Eleventh Month: Shebat
January-February
Twelfth Month: Adar*
February-March

*Periodically, a 13th month was added so that the lunar calendar would account for the entire solar year.

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Copyright © 2012 by Crossway.
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Used by permission.

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