ESV Global Study Bible :: Footnotes for Titus 3

Titus 3:1–2 Paul again describes “gospel living.” This time he emphasizes interaction with unbelievers. In general, the qualities encouraged here are in contrast to the description of the false teachers in 1:10–16.

Titus 3:2 Perfect courtesy is a good translation of an often misunderstood word which literally means “meekness/gentleness.”

Titus 3:3–7 As in 2:11–14, Paul explains how his encouragements to godly living (3:1–2) are based on the gospel. This gospel statement highlights the ethical and practical changes that grace produces.

Titus 3:4 Goodness and loving kindness stand in stark contrast to the description of lost humanity in v. 3.

Titus 3:5 Salvation comes by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit. Some have understood this as saying that baptism (“the washing”) causes salvation. However, in this context human deeds are clearly less important (not because of works) than God’s taking the initiative in salvation (he saved us). The “washing” described here is spiritual cleansing, which baptism outwardly symbolizes.

Titus 3:8 Again note the emphasis on good works as a mark of believers (compare 1:16; 2:14; 3:1).

Titus 3:9–11 The Problem Restated: False Teachers. Paul returns to the problem of false teachers. Thus, the discussion of gospel living (2:1–3:8) is followed by discussion of those who claim to believe this gospel but fail to live it out.

Titus 3:9 But. The reference to the usefulness of correct doctrine in v. 8 sets up the contrast with the worthless nature of the false teaching. It is foolish and unprofitable.

Titus 3:10–11 have nothing more to do with him. The NT is clear about seeking the repentance of such sinners. It is equally clear that refusal to change eventually shows that one is not in Christ and therefore must be excluded from the Christian community (see also 1 Corinthians 5).

Titus 3:12–15 Closing Encouragement. Paul closes with travel plans and greetings. Even these items echo the letter’s main points.

Titus 3:12 do your best to come to me. Paul did not expect Titus to stay in Crete permanently. Artemas is not mentioned elsewhere in the NT. Tychicus is mentioned as an Asian who accompanied Paul on his third journey (Acts 20:4). In Eph. 6:21 and Col. 4:7 he is referred to as a “beloved brother and faithful minister” (see also 2 Tim. 4:12). Nicopolis was a port city in Epirus. It was located on the west coast of the Greek peninsula, 178 miles (286 km) northwest of Athens.

Titus 3:13–14 Speed . . . on their way; see that they lack nothing shows Paul’s concern that fellow missionaries be adequately supported. Zenas is not mentioned elsewhere in the NT. Apollos is undoubtedly the popular speaker mentioned in Acts and 1 Corinthians (Acts 18:24; 19:1; 1 Cor. 3:6; etc.).

Titus 3:14 One last time Paul stresses good works.

Titus 3:15 Grace be with you all. Paul’s letter, though written primarily to Titus, will be read to the entire congregation.