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Rev. 8:1 silence . . . for about half an hour. In anticipation of the Lord’s coming judgment (Zeph. 1:7–10; Zech. 2:13).
Rev. 8:2–11:18 A brief vision of God’s heavenly temple, focusing on a golden incense altar, opens a new cycle of seven visions, each of which is introduced by an angelic trumpet blast.
Rev. 8:2 Seven angels stand ready to sound seven trumpets. This begins limited judgments that warn of coming destruction (compare Ezek. 33:1–6; Joel 2:1).
Rev. 8:3–5 The earthly OT sanctuary had two altars. One was for sacrifice in the courtyard. The other was for incense near the Most Holy Place (Ex. 27:1–8; 30:1–10). John sees only one altar in heaven fulfilling both functions (Rev. 6:9; 8:3). Incense represented the prayers of the saints in the earthly sanctuary (see 5:8; also Ps. 141:2; Luke 1:9–11). Fire from the altar will be flung to earth in judgment in answer to the saints’ prayers.
Rev. 8:6–11:18 Revelation’s third vision series (with a second interlude in 10:1–11:14) pictures judgments sent from heaven in response to the saints’ prayers. The first four trumpets announce harm on the earth, sea, rivers and springs, and sky. The damage done with the trumpets is limited to “a third.” The “woes” introduced by the last three trumpets are increasingly severe (8:13; 9:12; 11:14). See chart.
Rev. 8:6–7 hail and fire, mixed with blood. This is like the seventh plague on Egypt (Ex. 9:24).
Rev. 8:8–9 a great mountain, burning with fire, thrown into the sea. The imagery echoes Jer. 51:25, 42.
Rev. 8:10–11 Wormwood is a bitter-tasting plant with a poisonous extract. A star with these qualities makes a third of the rivers and springs undrinkable just like the Nile’s bloodied waters (Ex. 7:24). Cities under attack often surrendered when their water supply was polluted or cut off (see 2 Kings 20:20; 2 Chron. 32:30; Ps. 46:4).
Rev. 8:12 The darkening of a third of the sun, moon, and stars resembles the ninth plague on Egypt (Ex. 10:21–23). Since stars are still in the sky, this judgment apparently precedes the shaking of heaven and earth portrayed with the sixth seal (Rev. 6:12–14; but see note on 6:13 for another view). This darkness may occur due to smoke from burning cities.
Rev. 8:13 Woe, woe, woe. The last three trumpets signify increasing judgments on rebellious humanity as the end approaches.
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Copyright © 2012 by Crossway.
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