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Study :: Bible Study Notes :: ESV Global Study Bible :: Footnotes for Psalms 110

ESV Global Study Bible :: Footnotes for Psalms 110

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References for Psa 110:2 —  1   2 

Psalm Ps. 110. This is a royal psalm (see also Psalms 2; 18; 20–21; 45; 72; 101; 132; 144). Like Psalms 2 and 72, it goes well beyond the achievements of any merely human heir of David and thus looks forward to the Messiah. The people of Israel sang this song to celebrate God’s promises to David, to yearn for the day when the Gentiles receive the light (through the Messiah), and to pledge to be faithful to their calling until that great day.

Ps. 110:1 The psalm opens with an oracle from the Lord to the Davidic king (my Lord). Sit at my right hand. This is the position of honor (see 1 Kings 2:19; Ps. 45:9). Jesus, as the reigning messianic king, is likewise seated at “God’s right hand” (Matt. 26:64; Acts 2:32–35; Eph. 1:20; Heb. 1:3; etc.). make your enemies your footstool. See also 1 Kings 5:3. God will subdue these enemies, making them subject to the authority of the Davidic king (see Ps. 2:8; 72:8–11; Isa. 11:1–10).

Ps. 110:2–4 The next section looks to the Davidic king’s successful rule over God’s people, even under threat from hostile forces: Rule in the midst of your enemies!

Ps. 110:4 a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek. Melchizedek was king of Salem (Jerusalem) and a priest of God Most High (Gen. 14:18–20). He met Abraham after a battle, blessed him, and received a tithe from him. The Davidic king is to be like him, probably in the sense that he is both a king and a priest, which were two distinct offices in Israel.

Ps. 110:5–7 The final section takes up a common messianic theme of the OT. The ultimate heir of David will conquer the Gentile leaders, so that all people can serve their new king, the Messiah (see Isa. 11:4).

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