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Lev. 27:1–34 Vows and Dedication. This final chapter describes means of redemption relating to vows made to the Lord. The material appears to be an appendix to the book because it does not fit smoothly with the previous content. This does not mean the chapter was added later. It was probably placed at the end to emphasize the importance of funding the sanctuary.
Lev. 27:1–8 In Israel, a man may make a vow to the Lord, offering himself or a member of his family to serve the Lord. This pledge entails service in the sanctuary. Because non-Levites cannot serve on the temple grounds, a person may be freed from this service by making a payment to the sanctuary.
Lev. 27:9–13 One of the vows a man can make is to donate a clean animal to the sanctuary. No substitution of the animal is permitted once the animal has been donated. A person may also contribute an unclean animal. It will not be sacrificed, but the priests may sell it and use the money for the sanctuary.
Lev. 27:16–25 Dedicating land to the Lord is divided into two cases: inherited land (vv. 16–21) and purchased land (vv. 22–25). Since the land belongs to the Lord anyway, only the crops can be donated to the Lord. (In practice, this means donating them to the priests.) The rules of the jubilee year apply to these donations (vv. 17–18; see 25:15–16). If the donor does not redeem the land at jubilee, then he forfeits the land to the priesthood.
Lev. 27:26–27 The firstborn already belongs to the Lord (Ex. 13:2; 34:19–20).
Lev. 27:28–29 A devoted thing was something “set apart” or “set aside” for God’s purposes. It could not be ransomed or “redeemed for other purposes.”
Lev. 27:30–33 The tithe is already the Lord’s. This law allows the rules for ordinary vows to govern the tithes as well (see vv. 9–13).
Lev. 27:34 The phrase on Mount Sinai appeared in 25:1 and 26:46, giving the impression that just chs. 25–27 were spoken on Mount Sinai. But the range of meaning of commandments probably includes “rules and statutes” (compare 26:14–15), which suggests that this verse refers to the entire content of Leviticus.
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