Lev. 13:1–59 Leprous disease (v. 2 and throughout ch. 13) could include many skin ailments (see esv footnote on v. 2). The basic symptoms are given in vv. 2–3. What today is called leprosy (Hansen’s disease) was unknown in the Near East at the time of Leviticus.
Lev. 13:3 The law required unclean people to live outside the camp until they were free of disease (vv. 45–46) and to present a sacrifice as part of a cleansing ceremony (14:1–32). See Introduction: Problems in Understanding Leviticus. The purpose of this law was to prevent what is unclean from coming into contact with what is holy, which would be dangerous for the unclean person and for the whole community. The law did not imply that the unclean person was under God’s condemnation or that he or she should be excluded from the love of the community.
Lev. 13:9–17 This is the case of a person with a severe, chronic skin condition. The patient has raw flesh, that is, it is red and oozing. His condition is easily recognizable, and therefore no quarantine is needed. The priest simply declares him ritually unclean and impure.
Lev. 13:18–44 These rules deal with various cases of the leprous disease in relation to other common skin diseases. The priest is to determine if the condition makes the person unclean (compare 10:10–11) in order to protect the community.
Lev. 13:45–46 The person with a skin disease is to tear his clothes, go bareheaded, and have his beard and mouth covered—all signs of mourning (compare Ezek. 24:17, 22).
Lev. 13:47–59 leprous disease in a garment. Causes of such disease include various molds or fungi. If the disease spreads or does not go away, the owners are to burn the item. If the disease lessens, they may tear out the damaged portion and sew the item back together.
The ESV Global Study Bible
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The Blue Letter Bible ministry and the BLB Institute hold to the historical, conservative Christian faith, which includes a firm belief in the inerrancy of Scripture. Since the text and audio content provided by BLB represent a range of evangelical traditions, all of the ideas and principles conveyed in the resource materials are not necessarily affirmed, in total, by this ministry.
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