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4:1–25:6 The Friends and Job: Can Job Be Right before God? The main section of the book contains the dialogue between Job and the three friends. It opens with Job’s initial lament (3:1–16) and then alternates between speeches by each friend (Eliphaz, Bildad, Zophar) and responses by Job.
Job 4:1–14:22 First Cycle. Eliphaz begins this round of dialogues with a fairly gentle tone (4:3–4). Sympathy for Job rapidly fades, however, as the friends assume that Job’s moral failures are the reason for his present trouble. Job, for his part, is bewildered by his suffering. He argues (chs. 6–7), disputes (chs. 9–10), and rejects (chs. 12–14) the counsel of his friends.
Job 4:1–5:27 Eliphaz opens his first response by acknowledging Job’s good character (4:2–4). He then states what he knows to be true about how God works (4:7–5:16). He summarizes what will be the argument of the three friends: in light of Job’s current suffering, he cannot possibly be right before God (see 4:17). Eliphaz suggests that Job accept his circumstance as God’s rebuke so that he might be delivered (5:17–27).
Job 4:8 those who plow iniquity and sow trouble reap the same. At the opening of his speech, Eliphaz introduces the claim that the friends will relentlessly defend throughout the dialogue: a person’s character can be judged by his or her circumstances.
Job 4:12–21 Eliphaz reports that he had a vision (vv. 12–16) and then describes its content (vv. 17–21). The vision raises the question, Can mortal man be in the right before God? Eliphaz argues that if God puts no trust even in his angels, then Job, a mortal man, should seek God’s help rather than presuming the right to protest against him.
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