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Judg 5:1–31 The victory song of Deborah and Barak praises God for his triumph over the Canaanites on Israel’s behalf (compare the Song of Moses and Miriam in Ex. 15:1–21).
Judg 5:1 Sang is feminine singular (“she sang”), emphasizing Deborah’s prominence over Barak (see 4:8–9).
Judg 5:4–5 The Lord’s marching from Seir and Edom may suggest the time following Israel’s exodus from Egypt (compare Num. 10:12; 20:22).
Judg 5:6–8 Before Deborah arose as a deliverer, life as it had been had ceased when Israel submitted to its enemies. a mother in Israel. A title of honor and respect. new gods. See 10:14.
Judg 5:10–11 All classes of society were to testify to the mighty acts of God, from the ruling classes (those riding on white donkeys) to the lowest classes (those who walk by the way, that is, along the road). Watering places were public places where the entire community gathered.
Judg 5:13–18 Five of the tribes (plus the western part of Manasseh, here called Machir) are mentioned favorably because they responded to Deborah and Barak’s call to arms. Four tribes (and the other part of Manasseh) did not respond to the order. Judah and Simeon are not mentioned. Dan’s connection with ships (v. 17) probably reflects the tribe’s original inheritance along the south-central coastal plain, with access to the sea (Josh. 19:40–46).
Judg 5:19–23 The imagery suggests that the forces of nature fought on God’s side (and the Canaanite deities, who supposedly ruled over nature, were powerless to help against the true God). The frantic pounding of the horses’ hoofs suggests the disorder caused by the waters of the Kishon (vv. 21–22; see 4:7).
Judg 5:24–27 Most blessed of women. Jael is a heroine for killing Sisera (see 4:17–22).
Judg 5:28–30 The mother of Sisera is a pitiable figure, but these verses highlight Jael’s achievement. Rather than bringing stolen goods to impress his women, Sisera lay dead at another woman’s feet. A womb or two. A crude reference to captured women.
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