Isa. 23:1–18 The fifth oracle concerns the judgment and redemption of Tyre.
Isa. 23:1–14 God humbles Tyre, a successful port on the Phoenician coast and the merchant of the nations (v. 3; see Ezek. 28:1–10).
Isa. 23:7–9 The devastation of the city prompts the deeper question, Who could decree the downfall of so great a human power? The Lord of hosts. See 14:24–27; and note on 1 Sam. 1:3. God will never make peace with human pride.
Isa. 23:11 He has stretched out his hand over the sea in sovereign authority (see Ex. 14:16). Tyre and Sidon were part of what once was Canaan (see Josh. 5:1).
Isa. 23:13 The prophet directs Tyre’s attention to Babylon in the land of the Chaldeans, ruined by the Assyrians. If Babylon is vulnerable, so is Tyre.
Isa. 23:15–18 The prostitute Tyre will soon be back in business, but will ultimately be redeemed (like other nations, e.g., 19:23–25).
Isa. 23:17–18 The hardened, unfaithful woman, deeply bound to the corruption of wealth, is made holy to the Lord and devoted to his people (v. 18). Deuteronomy 23:18 forbids the wages of a prostitute from being consecrated; the reversal here implies redemption.
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