Isa. 10:1–4 Corrupt wealth leads to helplessness.
Isa. 10:3 ruin that will come from afar. The Assyrian invasion.
Isa. 10:4 fall among the slain. In his writings, the Assyrian king Shalmaneser III boasted of stacking the corpses of his defeated enemies and heaping up piles of their skulls (see Nah. 3:3). Captivity or death is the only possible outcome.
Isa. 10:6 a godless nation. Unbelieving Israel (9:17).
Isa. 10:7 But he does not so intend. Events unfold through human intentions but also, more deeply, through God’s intention (see Luke 22:22; Acts 4:27–28).
Isa. 10:8–9 Is not Calno like Carchemish? In each pair of cities listed, the first is geographically nearer to God’s people than the second. The speaker is saying that, since he has conquered the more distant of each pair of cities, surely he can conquer the nearer one as well.
Isa. 10:10–11 The Assyrian sees no end to his victories. Compare the similar boasting by a later Assyrian, 36:13–20; 37:8–13.
Isa. 10:16–19 The mighty Assyrian army is reduced nearly to nothing.
Isa. 10:20–23 The remnant of Israel returns to God.
Isa. 10:22 Destruction . . . overflowing with righteousness. God’s acts of judgment are entirely just and fair.
Isa. 10:24–26 Fearful Zion is made confident in God’s promises.
Isa. 10:28–32 Isaiah imagines the terrifying approach of the Assyrian army through the villages toward Jerusalem. But the invader is stopped at the last moment and can only shake his fist at the holy city.
Isa. 10:33–34 The destruction of the Assyrians for their arrogance is described as the felling of a forest.
The ESV Global Study Bible
Copyright © 2012 by Crossway.
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Used by permission.
The Blue Letter Bible ministry and the BLB Institute hold to the historical, conservative Christian faith, which includes a firm belief in the inerrancy of Scripture. Since the text and audio content provided by BLB represent a range of evangelical traditions, all of the ideas and principles conveyed in the resource materials are not necessarily affirmed, in total, by this ministry.
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