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Gen. 41:1 After two whole years. These events take place two years after the chief cupbearer has been released from prison. Joseph is now 30 years old (see v. 46) and has been in Egypt for about 12 or 13 years (see 37:2).
Gen. 41:8 the magicians of Egypt. These were probably cultic officials who interpreted omens and signs, not illusionists who performed to entertain.
Gen. 41:12 A young Hebrew emphasizes that Joseph is not Egyptian.
Gen. 41:14 Social customs required that Joseph be shaved and clothed before entering Pharaoh’s presence. Out of the pit shows what it was like for Joseph to be in prison.
Gen. 41:15–16 God, not Joseph, will answer Pharaoh’s request (see 40:8).
Gen. 41:17–24 Pharaoh’s repetition of vv. 1–8 shows the importance of the dreams.
Gen. 41:25–36 Stressing that the dreams come from God, Joseph says that the similar content of the dreams means they will be fulfilled soon. Joseph’s detailed instructions impress Pharaoh.
Gen. 41:38 the Spirit of God. While Pharaoh undoubtedly interpreted this according to his own religious outlook, on various occasions God empowered people for special service by giving them his Spirit (see, e.g., Ex. 31:3; Judg. 3:10).
Gen. 41:40–41 Joseph is appointed to govern all the people of Egypt, second only to Pharaoh himself.
Gen. 41:42–43 To show Joseph’s special status, Pharaoh gives him his royal signet ring, dresses him appropriately, and provides royal transport.
Gen. 41:45 called Joseph’s name Zaphenath-paneah. Joseph is fully integrated into the royal court when Pharaoh gives him an Egyptian name and a wife. Marrying into a prominent priestly family gives Joseph additional acceptance.
Gen. 41:50–52 The name Manasseh sounds like the Hebrew word for “forget,” suggesting that things have moved on for Joseph. Ironically, however, the name also reminds him of his father’s household. Ephraim, which means “twice fruitful,” recalls the theme of being fruitful (see note on 1:28).
Gen. 41:54–57 As predicted in Pharaoh’s dreams, the seven years of plenty are followed by a famine that extends well beyond Egypt. Joseph’s preparations ensure that food is available for the Egyptians and all the earth (v. 57; that is, all the eastern Mediterranean region; see note on 6:17).
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