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Gen. 18:1–15 The Lord appears to Abraham and announces that Sarah will bear a son, about this time next year.
Gen. 18:1 Although Abram settled at the oaks of Mamre many years earlier (13:18), he is still dwelling in a tent (see Heb. 11:9).
Gen. 18:2 Abraham’s actions suggest that he viewed the three men as very important. he ran. In the Middle East, a socially prominent elderly man would not normally respond in this way. bowed himself to the earth. While this may have been a common greeting (see 19:1), it shows that Abraham regards the visitors as worthy of great respect.
Gen. 18:3 O Lord. The term here is a distinctive one for God in the OT (e.g., 20:4). The polite term of respect “my lord” (e.g., 23:6) has a slight difference of spelling in Hebrew. Clearly Abraham recognizes that one of his visitors is divine.
Gen. 18:4–8 Although Abraham speaks of a little water and a morsel of bread, he prepares a large meal. The writer of Hebrews was probably thinking of the events of vv. 2–8 and 19:1–3 when he wrote of people who had “entertained angels unawares” (Heb. 13:2).
Gen. 18:11 The way of women had ceased to be with Sarah. She has ceased to have menstrual cycles, indicating that her reproductive years have ended.
Gen. 18:12 Sarah honors Abraham with a title of dignity and respect: my lord. First Peter 3:6 notes this, indicating that she is submitting to and obeying her husband.
Gen. 18:16–19:29 The Lord reveals to Abraham his plan to destroy Sodom and then carries out that plan. Through Abraham’s intercession, Lot and his two daughters escape. The city’s destruction is fully justified because of its overwhelming wickedness (compare 13:13).
Gen. 18:17–19 God tells Abraham what he is about to do, since Abraham has a unique role to fulfill regarding his own descendants and all the nations of the earth.
Gen. 18:21 I will go down to see. This remark does not mean that God’s knowledge is limited (compare 11:5). It simply means he is giving his direct attention to the matter.
Gen. 18:23–25 Abraham’s response is probably prompted by his concern for Lot. Abraham wonders if God intends to destroy the righteous along with the wicked.
Gen. 18:26–33 God eventually affirms that for the sake of ten I will not destroy Sodom (v. 32). He assures Abraham that he will not punish the righteous along with the wicked.
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