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Ezra 3:1–6:22 The Returned Exiles Rebuild the Temple on Its Original Site. The book of Ezra spans several generations. The returnees begin rebuilding, encounter resistance, and finally receive renewed permission to rebuild.
3:1–13 The Foundations of the Temple Are Laid. The altar is rebuilt on its former site, and foundations are laid for the new temple.
Ezra 3:1 The seventh month, Tishri (roughly September), was the month of the Day of Atonement (Lev. 23:26–32), followed by the Feast of Booths (or Tabernacles; Lev. 23:33–43), celebrating the exodus from Egypt. Thus, in the first year of their return, the people make their first pilgrimage to Jerusalem.
Ezra 3:2 built the altar. The broken altar had to be rebuilt so sacrifices could once again be made.
Ezra 3:3 in its place. There may have been visible remains of the original altar (perhaps implied by Jer. 41:4–5). In any case, its exact location was evidently known. It is possible the exiles hurried to build the altar because they feared the peoples of the lands—residents of Judah, and perhaps neighboring areas, who were not part of the returned exiles. Some may have had Jewish origins, but they appear to be a distinct group and would soon oppose the work.
Ezra 3:4–7 For the Feast of Booths, see Num. 29:12–38.
Ezra 3:8 Work begins with laying the foundation in the second year of the return (c. 537 b.c.). The second month, Ziv (1 Kings 6:1), is in the spring, the same time of year when Solomon had begun his temple (2 Chron. 3:2). The return from exile is dated starting after their coming to the house of God at Jerusalem. Even though the temple still lies in ruins, the place could be called “the house of God” because it had been consecrated for worship (see Jer. 41:5).
Ezra 3:12–13 But many . . . wept with a loud voice. Some of the older people remembered the former temple and believed this new one would not match its glory.
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